洪门硬刚拳练功法

在武术之乡菏泽地区广为传练的少林洪拳功法中,有一种刚猛硬狠的拳功——洪门硬刚拳。习练洪门硬刚拳能使双手力大无比,筋骨强健,出拳虎虎生风,用于实战搏杀凶猛霸道,威力十足。洪门硬刚拳练法简单、实用,并不像传说中的那么玄奇，现将其功法整理如下。     

广东武术对辛亥革命的影响研究

文章以辛亥革命中重要武术人物、武术群体为研究对象,探寻广东武术对辛亥革命的贡献。运用文献资料和逻辑分析法对广东武术对辛亥革命的影响进行了深入的剖析和梳理。研究发现:天地会实乃辛亥革命组织之前身,辛亥革命组织实乃洪门衍化而来,洪门多数是习武之人,所练习的武术都可称为洪拳,孙中山加入洪门为联络更多革命义士大开方便之门;在革...     

对福建“鸟迹拳”历史渊源及技术特点的研究

文章运用文献资料法和访谈法、逻辑分析法等研究方法,对福建＂鸟迹拳＂这一具有民族特色的武术项目进行了调查、分析、归纳,阐述了＂鸟迹拳＂历史渊源及其技术特点,探索了＂鸟迹拳＂的未来发展方向。     

非遗视角下两仪拳的传承与路径研究

运用田野调查法、专家访谈法、文献资料法等研究方法,对两仪拳传承脉络、两仪点穴特点、当代传承价值、传承困境与路径进行了探讨,旨在认识和了解两仪拳存在价值。针对两仪拳目前传承中出现的问题,提出相应的建设性意见,为非物质文化遗产两仪拳在国内外更好的普及和传播做出一些有益的探索。     

湘西孙家拳的传承与可持续发展研究

文章运用文献资料法和田野调查法对湘西孙家拳传承的文化背景进行研究,探讨影响湘西孙家拳发展的诸多原因,提出孙家拳的可持续发展对策。     

阳湖拳的历史起源、风格特点及其现代传承

运用文献资料法、田野调查法、专家访谈法等研究方法,对阳湖拳的源与流、拳种流派的构成、主要风格与特点,传承价值以及当前阳湖拳继承与发展中面临的问题进行研究,继而提出阳湖拳继承与发展的策略与途径。研究旨在为保护中国武术拳种的相关问题提供一些借鉴。     

窄门拳的传承与发展

文章运用文献资料法、田野调查法、专家访谈法等研究方法,剖析了荆州地方拳种窄门拳传承与发展中存在的问题,对窄门拳传承的路径进行研究。认为窄门拳在传承过程中面临着传承模式不够开放,发展缺乏动力,媒体宣传力度不够,套路创编应多样化等诸多问题。建议：编创窄门拳标准化竞赛套路进行赛事交流;政府加大外部支持力度;利用现代科技,做好窄门拳的信息化传承;培养优秀传承人;积极申请非遗,以期为其它拳种保护和发展提供理论和借鉴。     

非物质文化遗产保护视角下荆楚特色拳种熊门拳的研究

文章以熊门拳为研究对象,运用文献资料法、田野调查法、问卷调查法、专家访谈和逻辑分析法等方法,从非物质文化遗产保护的视角全面系统地分析熊门拳的保护与传承;并通过将熊门拳与同处荆楚文化背景下的武当武术、岳家拳等进行对比研究来探寻荆楚特色拳种形成和发展的过程,从而寻求保护荆楚特色拳种的继承与创新之路.     

将武术融入学校课堂的镇江第一人——张志毅

张志毅,男,1963年出生,江苏省镇江市人,大学学历。自幼随祖父学习武术擒拿术及吐呐功。后学习长拳、绵掌、八极、地趟拳、形意、八卦以及刀、剑、枪、棍、鞭、锏等长、短、软拳械又学习□式形意拳、杨氏□架太极拳、杨氏太极推手等武当拳械,以及健将太极拳、大梨花枪、太极大杆等少林武当拳械,为提高武术理论技术水平,曾先后向多位老武术家及武术名师学习少林武当拳械,亲聆名家名师的教诲。1983年开始教学,1984年经镇江市武术协会考核     

谈谈杨氏太极拳的技击功能

任何内家拳种,除养生健身外的最主要功能就是实战技击。杨氏太极拳更不例外。杨氏太极拳之所以名誉天下,就是实战打出来的。现在普遍认为,太极拳只是健身拳、老人拳,最多也就是推推手,真打起来根本不行。即使在武术行内,练外家拳的、练拳击散打的等等,也普遍瞧不起太极拳。为什么会出现这种现象呢？从前,杨氏太极拳是打出来的,现在怎么就不能打了呢？究其原因,主要有以下几个方面。其一,观念上的错误。认为只要坚持现在一般的练法,功到自然成。     

Carbohydrate ingestion improves endurance performance during a 1h simulated cycling time trial

This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue.     

Science and medicine of rowing: A review

The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae.     

我国体育市场管理法规研究

采用调查法和比较法对全国体育市场立法和管理现状进行调查,对部分较早出台并有一定代表性的省市的体育市场管理法规的立法和管理情况进行了研究,提出了体育市场管理立法和管理的原则、基本程序、措施及其一般模式,为规范全国体育市场管理提供参考依据。     

重新认识体育的社会关联

体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。     

上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点探析

本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。     

对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨

从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。     

我国优秀游泳运动员出发技术辅助训练的研究

为改进我国优秀游泳运动员的出发技术,采用观测和实验方法,通过拍摄运动员陆上和水下出发技术录像以及出发计时,对出发技术进行运动生物力学诊断和分析。在此基础上,根据运动员自身特点和不同泳姿提出相应的入水启动方式,并研制出发训练辅助器材,对出发预备姿势、腾起角度以及飞行远度和入水角进行控制。实践证明:这是一种快捷、有效的出发技术辅助训练方法。     

运动性呼吸肌疲劳与耐力性项目的运动能力

影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩.     

Identifying home advantage in international tennis and golf tournaments

A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer.     

对欧洲足球技战术发展趋势的思考

结合欧洲足球技战术的发展特点,就鲁能泰山足球队的体能训练、技术训练、防守阵型、进攻方式、定位球、职业态度、球星培养等诸方面所存在的不足进行了分析,提出相应的改进意见。