面向网络论坛话题发现的文本处理技术研究

论坛、博客、微博、QQ空间等都是重要的网络社交载体,但各自的网页结构和语言风格又有差异.本文根据网络论坛的网页结构和数据特点,阐述了应用于话题检测的网络论坛数据处理的相关技术,包括文本预处理和特征选择技术.介绍了这些技术的发展现状和研究成果,论述了命名实体信息在论坛话题检测中的作用,讨论了论坛中时间信息的识别与规范化处理.     

网络文本的多维分析及语料库构建

与传统印刷文本相比,网络文本具有多样性、丰富性、立体性等特征。本文将对网络文本中平面元素、立体空间、时间维度等进行解析,为网络文本语料库的构建打下基础。研究网络文本中各信息元素及其在信息传达和意义构建中的作用将为语料库研究开拓新的领域。     

微新闻文本特点研究

与传统媒体和网络等新媒体中的新闻文本相比,微新闻在文本来源、文本结构、文本内容等方面有其自身所独有的特征。     

基于机器学习的文本倾向性分析特征选择研究

本文围绕文本倾向性分析的基本流程进行论述,主要研究了以文本情感分析技术为主的倾向性分析,以主观性文本及客观性文本识别为前提,从特征选择算法和特征加权算法方面对现有文本倾向性进行分析,介绍了算法的推导公式及模型训练代码,重点涵盖了基于机器学习的文本倾向性分析方法,对其算法复杂性、算法效率和适用范围给出了具体的概括和总结.     

基于自动分类的网络舆情监测方法研究

当前互联网快速发展,网络社会与现实社会逐渐同步,网上网下事件的关联性提高,网络舆情也越来越能够及时反映现实社会中发生的事情。因此,网络舆情监测不仅能够了解民意,为相关决策部门制定方案提供参考,而且能够通过大数据分析,对突发事件进行及时预警。以互联网上微博、贴吧、论坛、新闻评论等信息作为对象,以实用性为原则,研究一种基于文本自动分类的网络舆情监测方法。该方法通过网络爬虫抓取互联网上的信息,并采用基于KNN算法的文本自动分类方式完成网络舆情自动分类,最后通过实验验证了该方法的实用性。     

Web文本数据挖掘关键技术及其在网络检索中的应用

Web挖掘采用数据挖掘信息处理技术,从Web信息资源中发掘用户所需信息。本文在分析Web文本信息特征的基础上,揭示了Web文本数据挖掘的目标样本的特征提取、分词处理与Web文本分类等关键技术,以Google为例讨论了该技术在网络信息检索中的应用。     

个性化学习资源推荐中文本情感识别的作用及关键技术

基于数据智能分析的学习资源推送是精准支持个性化学习的教学服务方式之一。随着人工智能技术和学习分析技术的发展，通过对行为数据、测评数据和日志数据等的分析进行资源推送虽已有较成功应用，但未能实现学习者个人情感状态为引导的资源推送。为此，该研究针对个性化学习资源推荐中情感价值、情感控制理论和实践的缺失，以实现个性化学习多维度情感识别为目标，采用BERT模型和TextCNN构建个性化学习资源推荐文本情感识别模型，并提出了基于学习者作业、论坛内容等的文本情感识别模型实现过程。学习资源推荐文本情感识别模型和实现过程可为真实应用提供方法支持和技术路线指引。     

文本型数字图像OCR识别准确度研究之工作人员素质

文章首先介绍了信息资源数字化工作中的OCR识别原理,然后将文本型数字图像OCR识别工作的生命周期划分为数字扫描对象的获取、数字图像的生产、数字图像的处理和OCR文本识别等四个阶段.随后对该项工作中相关工作人员素质对OCR识别准确度的影响因素进行分析,并提出了相应的提高策略.     

信息化教学资源中的文本信息设计

文本是教学网页中最基本的设计元素,为了满足易认、易懂、易读的需要,网络教学资源开发者需要根据教学信息的内容特征,认真设计文本信息的字体、大小和颜色。另外,为了提高文本信息的易读性,需要强化文本信息的结构特征,以文本块方式组织文本信息。     

论赖斯信息型文本视角下服装文本翻译——以《服装英语》汉译为例

本文以凯瑟琳娜·赖斯的文本类型理论中的信息型文本作为理论依据,以专门用途英语系列教材的《服装英语》为材料并展开研究。将文本类型理论中的信息型文本应用于服装英语翻译,分析了其翻译的信息功能,从而得出结论:译者在翻译服装英语过程中须结合观众的文化背景、审美情趣和期待视野来译出符合目的语观众的作品。本文主要探讨对赖斯信息型文本翻译时的文本选择、翻译方法、以及其所具有的局限性。     

语篇结构理论在旅游语篇汉英翻译中的运用

结构理论是源于韩礼德系统功能语法的语篇分析范式中的一个重要理论。语篇结构就是文章的宏观结构,即语类结构,是区分语篇与非语篇的依据。一般来说,在同一文化情境中,相同类型的语篇都有基本相同的语篇结构。通过对语篇结构理论的概述,并利用该理论分析英汉旅游语篇的差异,探讨语篇结构理论对旅游文本汉英翻译有重要指导作用。     

概念隐喻与隐喻语篇的主题分析

在篇章语言学的信息分析中,主题分析具有与主位分析不同的意义。并且,主题分析对于隐喻语篇存在特殊意义,因为主题和概念隐喻是隐喻语篇建构和识解的重要手段。主题分析帮助人们认知隐喻语篇：从创作角度,概念隐喻建构文学作品的基本主题;从识解角度,文学作品的基本主题的关系是隐喻。     

贝叶斯网在.NET超文本分类检索中的应用

文本分类是指在给定的分类体系下，根据文本的内容自动判别文本类别的过程，本文对、NET文本分类检索中所涉及的关键技术贝叶斯网分类方法，进行了研究和探讨，并且提出了基于向量空间的．NET文本分类检索的结构，并给出了会估计方法和实验结果。     

Lost in narrative? The effect of informative narratives on text comprehension and metacomprehension accuracy

Informative narratives are enriched expository texts that provide to-be-learned conceptual information within a storyline with the aim to foster comprehension. However, research casts doubt on such a benefit for comprehension. Additionally, it is an open question how informative narratives impact metacomprehension accuracy. The results of two experiments (N₁ = 63 and N₂ = 70 university students) showed that informative narratives were less or not at all beneficial to text comprehension compared with expository texts. Moreover, informative narratives often led to more overestimation of comprehension in terms of predictions, postdictions, and response confidence than expository texts. This seemed to be particularly true, as Experiment 2 revealed, for readers with a lower need for cognition because they were more transported into the storyline of informative narratives. The findings suggest that informative narratives prime the activation of a narrative-specific reading goal and, thus, distract readers from learning and accurately monitoring the to-be-learned conceptual information.     

马克思哲学文本研究的方法论省思

文本研究是马克思主义哲学研究的永恒性基础。正确地进行文本研究至关重要。进行文本研究时应注意:文本的选择要直接以马克思本人的哲学文本为依据,在全面研究的同时,适应时代的发展结合现实需要,从中选取最能反映其创新精神实质的代表作作为文本研究的重点;解读文本时要注意马克思哲学文本的整体性,把握好解释的主体性与解释的客观性的关系,把对马克思文本的解释看作一个持续变化、无限循环的历史发展过程;要处理好文本研究和现实研究的关系,加强文本研究但不止于文本研究,把两者有机地结合起来。     

The role of interest and text structure in professional reading

Students can be regarded as professional readers: they have to attend to, comprehend and remember the most important information in instructional texts, often about topics they are not readily interested in. Optimising such instructional texts has been the subject of much reading research. This research has shown robust effects for the influence of text structure: information highlighted by a strongly organising structure is retained better than seemingly less important information. Hidi and Baird (1986) suggest that such effects of structure are artefacts, because of the dullness of texts used in such experiments. They argue that readers mainly use interest instead of structure as their guide for attention and learning. In this article three related experiments using Dutch instructional texts are reported. Both interest and text structure were manipulated as within-item factors, and on-line as well as off-line methods were used to measure effects on the reading process and product. The outcomes show no support for the hypothesis of Hidi and Baird: students learn better from texts that are well structured, regardless of the interest of the text or its topic.     

存在与生成:基于文本接受的教学认识逻辑

文本是客观世界所呈现出的本体存在与应然样态。作为教学的文本具有客观性、接受性与认同性。由于对先验内容的观念体认,召唤结构的内发生成,共生互融的认同语境,使通过文本的教学得以可能。基于文本接受的教学认识逻辑,应回归知识本体,对文本进行由博返约;激发召唤结构,生发基于作品的动态文本;追寻期待视野,涵育共生性的对话交往,从而实现主体与文本的共存。     

Holy Lemons! Learning from children's uses of the Internet in out‐of‐school contexts

The Internet offers new possibilities for engaging with information and is associated with a wide range of literacy practices. National guidance in the United Kingdom on ‘reading the web’, however, has focused largely on the different skills children may need to learn in school to navigate web‐based texts successfully. Here it is argued that much can be learned both about the potential of the web and of the kinds of reading associated with it by examining children's use of the Internet outside school. This article therefore begins with an overview of particular features of on‐screen reading and the different practices and orientations towards knowledge associated with this. It then reports on the use of the Internet out of school by a group of Year 6 children. It explores the purposes for which these children access the Internet, the attitudes and orientations they demonstrate in their approach to web‐based texts, and their own perceptions of what has enabled them to develop as Internet users. This exploration highlights the way that children may experiment and innovate in their use of the Internet out of school, and in doing so demonstrate considerable autonomy. These findings are used to make suggestions for framing and supporting children's Internet use in school.     

Selection and evaluation of Internet information by adults with intellectual disabilities

Internet offers people with intellectual disabilities (ID) unique opportunities to access information and to participate in society. But concerns have been raised about the potential risks they face when accessing the Internet (e.g. giving credit to false information, being exposed to manipulative content). As part of the current debate between positive risk-taking and overprotection, our study empirically tested the extent to which 43 adults with ID identified and selected topically relevant as well as trustworthy web pages while searching the Internet for several topics (e.g. Can social networks use your pictures for advertisement?). Participants also justified their search decisions. Results revealed that while searching familiar topics (i.e. social networks), participants selected more relevant and trustworthy pages than irrelevant and less trustworthy ones. Searches of less familiar topics (i.e. daily health), were carried out randomly, that is, without applying a specific criterion. Results point to the importance of topic familiarity on people’s with ID performance on Internet searching tasks. This pattern of results suggests that, first, we should avoid overprotection when people with ID search for familiar topics and, second, they need more support when searching for information about less familiar topics.     

可视化烟草管理信息系统的三层体系结构的设计和实现

本文提出了一种基于Internet+GIS+MIS、采用三层体系结构的烟草信息管理框架,该管理框架将GIS技术和Web技术融入烟草行业的信息管理,实现了烟草的信息可视化、管理网络化、图文一体化,很好地实现烟草行业的资源共享问题。本文概要介绍该管理框架的组成、架构设计、系统特色等。