Professional and personal values and virtues in education and teaching

This article seeks to shed light on the dilemma facing history education in regions beset by a protracted, and as yet unresolved ethno-political conflict. The article will examine this issue by means of a unique test case that observes a dramatic war event in Israeli textbooks. The event in question is the Six-Day War of 1967 and the study of its outcomes. This war stands in the twilight between memory and history and there is an extreme gap between the public history and the formal representation of that war in school textbooks. The question that begs an answer is why such a seminal event in Israeli history is not presented in history textbooks like the country’s other wars. The research methodology, which was conducted on two generations of textbooks, is based upon a comparative discourse analysis. A discussion of the findings contends that a critical pedagogy approach to history education might equip adolescent students with more powerful lenses through which to view several plausible scenarios for healing the wounds of the present by means of a rational and grounded perception of the past.     

互联网络与高校思想政治工作

如何运用网络技术拓展高校思想政治工作的空间，是高校思想政治工作面临的新课题，高校思想政治工作要坚持正确的舆论导向，筑起自己的网络阵地，发挥网络宣传教育功能，防范网络负面侵害提高高校思想政治工作队伍的网络素质。     

酒与文学艺术

在文学艺术的审美创造过程中,酒与文学结下了不解之缘。本文借用精神分析学的理论,探析了酒在文学艺术创作中的作用,认为酒是激发文学艺术家进入创作境界的触媒,但真正作品的形成离不开文学艺术家对文学创作规律的娴熟领会与运用。     

网络与思想政治心理教育初探

思想政治教育心理学是正在形成的一门新学科。随着信息技术的飞速发展，网络在人们工作、学习、生活中发挥着日益重要的作用，大学生是上网比例最高的群体，如何做好网络环境下大学生的思想政治工作，是摆在我们面前的新课题。把相关的心理 学知识应用于思想政治工作中，对大学生进行必要的心理教育，对于塑造健全的人格和培养具有综合素质的人才起着重要的作用。     

Scientific and Technical Progress and Research for Manpower and Skill Development

The assertion that manpower and skill research does not exist or is only in its infancy in Italy (90) is correct in the sense that research which takes into account all the factors influencing production and the use of skills has not yet been developed. On the other hand, many research teams are concerned with problems of direct relevance to the present study. The Institute for Research on Economic Development and Technical Progress (Istituto per gli studi sullo sviluppo economico e il progress tecnico, ISVET) in Rome, for example, is commissioned by government bodies to study particular aspects of the relation between technical development and the educational sys tem. (91) The Center for Education and Research in Southern Italy (Centro di formazione e studi per il mezzogiorno, FORMEZ) deals primarily with problems in the planning of vocational-technical education that arose as a result of industrialization in Southern Italy, while the Institute for Research on Labor and Industrial Relations (Istituto di studi sulle relazioni industriali e del lavoro, ISRIL) is concerned especially with observing changes in the industrial sector. (92)     

Guys and Dolls,and Testosterone

SYNOPSIS

Zeifman et al. present a study of fathers’ and non-fathers’ caregiving in response to infant crying. The associations among testosterone, amount of crying, and parental status were evaluated in a laboratory paradigm using a realistic infant simulator. Although fathers did not show lower levels of testosterone, men who listened to greater amounts of crying showed significant increases in testosterone, and men who increased in testosterone had less optimal caregiving. Hormonal influences on parental behavior, which have been studied extensively in non-human animals, are now being explicated in humans. Zeifman et al. help advance this area of research.     

Imagery and Verbal Ability and Recognition Memory for Pictures and Words in Males and Females

Objective and subjective indices of imagery and verbal ability and their relationship to recognition memory for pictures and concrete words were examined in a large correlational study. Objective spatial tests of imagery proved to be better predictors of picture recognition than were self‐assessments, the Flags test excepted. Spatial tests also predicted word memory in males, but not females. Imagery control and imagery vividness bore little relation to recognition; vividness within specific modalities may have some influence, however, particularly in males. Verbal fluency and verbal comprehension were either unrelated or marginally negatively related to performance. In general, a more specialised pattern of ability‐performance correlations emerged for females than for males.     

大学新生的心态及教育对策

高校新生是高等教育的基础阶段。青少年学生的世界观、人生观、价值观尚未定型 ,有很强的可塑性 ,做好高校新生的思想教育工作 ,将对高校培养人才的质量产生积极意义。本文着重分析了高校新生的思想心态 ,并就其产生原因作了简要分析 ,提出全面实施以德育为核心的素质教育 ,加强和改进工作方法 ,提高教育针对性和实效性等对策     

高校仪器设备调剂和报废管理实践与探索

通过分析高校仪器设备调剂、报废管理中存在的问题,提出解决问题的几点对策.     

设计:科学技术与艺术的统一与整合

技术与艺术是紧密结合在一起的。不仅实用艺术与技术有着密不可分的关系，纯艺术与一定的技术也有着密不可分的联系，这种联系的历史与艺术的历史一样久远。技术发展到一定阶段时总是需要更高层次的艺术观念来引导和互助，这样才能使技术融入艺术之中。科学技术与艺术的结合是在不断发展的层面上开展和提升的。随着21世纪高科技的日益发展，两的结合表现得更加紧密，并走向新的整合。设计艺术将以艺术与科学的结合为己任，并以之为手段和工具来创造为人所用的一切产品，它能够克服两之间的不协调和矛盾，并将两有机地整合与统一。     

Oral and written references to new and given information by 9- and 11-year-olds and adults

Monolingual, native French-speaking subjects (9- and 11-year-old children and adults) were requested either to talk or write about nine triplets of pictures whose components varied along the pragmatic dimension «new vs. given information». In the first picture in each series, all components were new. In the second and third pictures, one component was replaced each time by a new component, the other components becoming given. The oral execution of the task made the experimenter (the addressee) into a co-producer of the situational discourse produced, whereas the written production situation placed a certain distance between the producer and the addressee. The expression of the contrast between old versus new elements to be described in each situation was studied by examining the use ofarticles (definite andindefinite) andpronouns. The expression of oldness and newness by means of articles was more common in speaking than in writing. In the oral medium, the given/new contrast was marked more and more often as age increased, although this was not true in the writing situation, where the subjects generally used definite articles, even when referring to a new element. Pronouns were used infrequently orally, particularly by 9-year-olds, to express the increasing «oldness» of the elements. The written use of pronouns was extremely rare. Although it was already present orally in older subjects, the tendency to give autonomy to the production associated with each picture (decreasing use of pronouns in favor of nouns) was predominant in the written medium. Maximum explicitness was favored in writing (due to the deferred reception of the production by the addressee), and the marking of elements as new or given was therefore not given priority. The way in which the written and oral production media modulated the choices of the subjects is discussed.     

当前大学生思想政治状况分析及对策研究

大学生素质的核心是思想政治素质。当前大学生在思想政治上发生了一系列明显的变化，在理想与现实之间出现许多引人注目的新情况、新特点、新问题。目前，进一步加强大学生思想政治素质的着眼点应该是全面架构信仰体系，反思与“国际接轨”，力塑国家民族主体意识，做强做实实践环节，寻求全面的思想政治教育模式。     

Universities and New Information and Communication Technologies: Issues and Strategies

In 1995, the International Association of Universities( IAU) created, within its Board, a Task Force on Universities and Information Technologies. This Task Force is composed of eminent personalities from the academic world. At two recent meetings held in 1997, it examined some of the challenges facing universities in the new information society. This paper summarizes the main questions concerning the impact of information and communication technologies on universities, mainly the benefits of, and limitations to, the use of information technologies in teaching, learning and research. It ends with concluding remarks from the IA U Task Force and a number of recommendations as to what strategies to adopt.     

Home ownership and the emotional and behavioral problems of children and youth

This study examined the impact of home ownership on the emotional-behavioral problems of children and youth ages 4 to 16 years. Data came from two large-scale general population surveys conducted in the province of Ontario in 1983, the Ontario Child Health Study (N = 3,325) and the National Longitudinal Study of Children and Youth (N = 12,592). Results showed an inverse association between home ownership and ratings of emotional-behavioral problems. The net effects of home ownership expressed in standard units dropped from the .20 to .43 range for teacher and parent ratings to the .07 to .17 range, after controlling for socioeconomic variables. Furthermore, the concentration of home ownership in neighborhoods was not associated with ratings of child problem behavior in either study. Projects aimed at supporting home ownership among low-income families may provide a means for improving the emotional and behavioral functioning of disadvantaged children.     

英汉差异与翻译的局限性

翻译作为一种跨文化交际,不仅是语言的转换过程,同时也是文化的移植过程。在语际翻译的过程中,由于英汉语言与文化的差异,形成了翻译的局限性这一问题。文章以大量的例证从英汉语言和文化差异的不同层面进行了具体的分析,并提出具备扎实的语言功底和跨文化的意识才能真正做到语言意义和文化意义的对等。     

论思维导图在语文教学中的应用

思维导图是一种将大脑思维过程具体化、直观化的方法,在语文教学中应用,可以挖掘学生智力潜能,提升思考技巧;启动学生的记忆力、组织力与创造力。本文着重探讨思维导图在语文教学中的应用。     

汉魏六朝画赞、像赞考论

画赞、像赞是绘画与文学结合的产物,主要用于称颂人物的功绩。《文心雕龙》以郭璞的《尔雅图赞》作为画赞、像赞系列的代表。画赞、像赞源于图赞或颂。先秦时期就已出现了画赞、像赞的早期形态,东汉初年形成风气和规范。画赞与像赞具有传播、教化、纪实的功能。汉代早期画赞的作者是由官方指定的;东汉末年创作渐趋个人化;魏晋时期,人们既可为同时代人作赞,亦可为帝王、隐士、佛教徒作赞。受到来自佛经翻译和史赞两方面的影响,此时出现了较为长篇的序赞,以补充说明传主的生平。六朝画赞、像赞的表现力增强,人物形象越来越丰满。由于功能过于单一,唐代画赞、像赞日渐式微,逐渐被其它题画文学形式取代。     

俄苏文艺传播与近代中国社会

俄苏文学艺术对近代中国社会影响的覆盖面不是很大,其地位也很难说是举足轻重。但是它们在中国文艺领域中的表现却相当活跃,相当前卫,相当锐利,对中国社会产生了深远的影响。其核心思想和艺术宗旨,通过左翼文化运动和延安文艺等社会运作方式或存在形态,主导着中国文学艺术发展的方向,渗透到中国社会大众的思想和意识中,成为现代中国文学艺术的主流。迄今为止仍处处可以看到它们的痕迹、它们的影子、它们的存在。     

Writing and knowledge: Effects and re-effects

Recent cognitive research on writing deals with various factors influencing writing (in the sense of textproduction). One of these factors is knowledge of a specific topic. The opposite effect of writing on knowledge, however, is rarely examined in research. Being interested in the relationships between knowledge and writing some of our results of a research project which has been conducted in the years 1987 to 1989, will be reported.