Discussion on coupling mechanism of asymmetric CRLH/RH TL coupler

INTRODUCTION In recent years metamaterials, more commonly referred to as left-handed materials, have stimulated great interests in the scientific and engineering field. These artificial materials, which were first theorized by Veselago (1968) and experimentally realized by Shelby et al.(2001), can exhibit specific electromag- netic properties not commonly found in nature. The approach of using transmission line theory was veri- fied to be an efficient design tool for metamaterials applica…     

A new broadband differential phase shifter fabricated using a novel CRLH structure

Broadband phase shifters are mostly proposed and fabricated based on the scheme proposed by Shiffman, which uses a coupled line with far ends connected together and a uniform transmission line to give a differential phase shift. Based on the unique dispersion property of the composite right/left-handed (CRLH) metamaterial structure, a new configuration is presented in this paper for fabricating the broadband differential phase shifter, which employs a novel CRLH metamaterial structure as one of the differential phase-shift arms, instead of the conventional coupled line. The new circuit can achieve a phase shift of 90° in an operational bandwidth as broad as one octave and its phase deviations are quite small. An original design of the novel broadband phase shifter is presented, in which the artificial CRLH structure was implemented by microstrip quasi-lumped elements. Both the simulated and measured results of the 90° broadband differential phase shifter are presented.     

Numerical analysis on aeolian vibration of transmission lines with Stockbridge dampers

We used computational fluid dynamics （CFD） and mode superposition method instead of the energy balance method to compute transmission line aeolian vibrations induced by the Karman vortex. Firstly, we obtained the wind power inputs using CFD theory. The result is effective for aeolian vibration analyses compared with the power which were measured in wind tunnel tests. Then a new aeolian excitation was derived using the wind power equivalent principle, and the aeolian vibration distribution along transmission lines and the wind power input obtained by CFD can be account. Secondly, we formulated the motion equation of a conductor-damper system and derived a semi-analytial solution using the mode superposition method. The Stockbridge-type dampers attached were simplified to the forces transmitted by the clamps. Finally, the semi-analytical solution can be solved by iterative methods. Taking a 1 000 kV Ultra High Voltage transmission line as an example, we analyzed the line with and without dampers by the semi-analytical solution. Compared with the results which were computed by the energy balance method, the semi-analytical solution is precise enogh for aeolian vibration analyses. Besides, we also analyzed the influence of damper position and quantity.     

Science Letters: Lattice type transmission line of negative refractive index

In this letter, we introduce a novel passive transmission line of negative refractive index （i.e., left-handedness） based on identical symmetrical lattice type structures [thus called ＂lattice type transmission line＂ （LT-TL）]. The dispersion characteristic and the transmission response of the proposed LT-TL are analyzed. While all the other left-handed passive transmission lines are of high pass, the present passive left-handed transmission line is of low pass. Compared with a conventional transmission line, the LT-TL has a phase shift of 180° in the entire wide pass-band.     

Determination of weak points based on risk theory and application to transmission network planning

In the traditional power transmission network planning,deterministic analysis methods are widely used.In such methods,all contingencies are deemed to have the same occurrence probability,which is not reasonable.In this paper,risk assessment is introduced to the process of transmission network planning considering the probabilistic characteristics of contingencies.Risk indices are given to determine the weak points of the transmission network based on local information,such as bus risk,line overload risk,contingency severity.The indices are calculated by the optimal cost control method based on risk theory,which can help planners to quickly determine weak points in the planning and find solution to them.For simplification,only line overload violation is considered.Finally,the proposed method is validated by an IEEE-RTS test system and a real power system in China from two aspects.In the first case,the original system is evaluated by the proposed method to find the weak points,and then four planning schemes are established,among which the best scheme is selected.In the second case,four initial planning schemes are established by combining the experiences of planners,and after the evaluation by using the proposed method,the best planning scheme is improved based on the information of weak points in the initial schemes,and the risk of improved scheme is reduced from 42 531.86 MW·h per year to 4 431.26 MW·h per year.     

Application of causality diagram in system safety analysis

Causality Diagram （CD） is a new graphical knowledge representation based on probability theory. The application of this methodology in the safety analysis of the gas explosion in collieries was discussed in this paper, and the Minimal Cut Set, the Minimal Path Set and the Importance were introduced to develop the methodology. These concepts are employed to analyze the influence each event has on the top event - the gas explosion, so as to find out about the defects of the system and accordingly help to work out the emphasis of the precautionary work and some preventive measures as well. The results of the safety analysis are in accordance with the practical requirements; therefore the preventive measures are certain to work effectively. In brief, according to the research CD is so effective in the safety analysis and the safety assessment that it can be a qualitative and quantitative method to predict the accident as well as offer some effective measures for the investigation, the prevention and the control of the accident.     

Generalized cone-subconvexlike set-valued maps and applications to vector optimization

The definitions of cone-subconvexlike st-valued maps and generalized cone-subconvexlike set-valued maps in topological vetor spaces are defined by using the relative interiors of ordering cone.The relationships between the two classes of set-valued maps are investigated.and some properties of them are shown.A Gordan type alternative theorem under the assumption of generalized cone-subconvexlikeness of set-valued maps is proved by applying convex separation theorems involoving the relative interiors in infinite dimensional spaces.Finally a necessary optimality condition theorem is shown for a general kind of set-valued vector optimization in a sense of weak E-minimizer.     

A Prototype Approach to the Chinese-English Focal Color Term Translation

Color terms constitute the color category in linguistic categorization.As the prototypical members of color terms,biologically-motivated focal colors are derived from human’s perception and embodiment of the real world,and they represent relatively stable properties of objects.Based on the prototype category theory,the cross-linguistic properties of the specific focal colors"red"and"white"are examined,hence some problems are confronted in Chinese-English translation due to the different cognitive models operating in different nations.As a future step,some hints and strategies for Chinese-English color term translation are rendered afterwards:direct translation method as well as the cultural meaning-equivalent method can be conducted in an overall manner.Sometimes,the moderate form without translating the color name may be an appropriate counterpart of the source language.     

Efficient design of rotary traveling wave oscillator array via geometric programming

This paper presents an efficient method for globally optimizing and automating component sizing for rotary traveling wave oscillator arrays. The lumped equivalent model of transmission lines loaded by inverter pairs is evaluated and posynomial functions for oscillation frequency, power dissipation, phase noise, etc. are formulated using transmission line theory. The re- sulting design problem can be posed as a geometric programJning problem, which can be efficiently solved with a convex opti- mization solver. The proposed method can compute the global optima more efficiently than the traditional iterative scheme and various design problems can be solved with the same circuit model. The globally optimal trade-off curves between competing objectives are also computed to carry out robust designs and quickly explore the design space.     

Multi-scaled simulation of latticed frames considering bending collapse of pipes

To consider the bending collapse of the pipes in the latticed frames, based on the multi-scale simulation, the collapsed parts of the pipe are meshed by the shell elements as micro-scaled models, and the other parts are meshed by beam elements macro-models. The incremental displacement constraint equations for the nodes on the section between the two models are established based on the plane section premise of classical beam theory. The method to introduce the constraint equations is derived based on the Updated Largrangian method. The location of the micro-model is predicted by the stress field of the beam element, and the length of the collapsed part is adjusted by the plastic energy in the micro model. Several examples are included to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of this method.     

Review:Broad-bandwidth and low-loss metamaterials:theory, design and realization

INTRODUCTION Conventional materials have positive magnetic permeability and mostly positive electrical permittiv- ity. Veselago (1968) initially assumed a material with negative permittivity and permeability simultane- ously and theoretically demonstrated the abnormal electromagnetic properties. This material, referred to as left-handed material (LHM) or metamaterial, re- verses a basic feature of light, such as, the reversal of the Doppler shift for radiation, and negative refractive in…     

双层损耗型单负特异材料结构的透射性质

利用转移矩阵方法,研究了双层损耗型单负特异材料结构的透射性质。从结构的反射率和吸收率的角度分析,发现该双层结构的透射率随着耗散系数的增大和其中一种材料厚度的增大,都呈现出非单调的变化趋势,这种奇异的性质完全不同于普通的损耗型介电材料。     

500kV输电线路电磁环境的matlab仿真分析

运用MATLAB GUI平台进行编程仿真,以正三角排列的架空线路为例建立评价模型,对500kV输电线路周围的电磁环境进行仿真研究.分析了相导线对地高度、相间距离、分裂导线根数、分裂间距、分裂导线子导线半径的变化对工频电场、工频磁场、无线电干扰和可听噪声的影响,依据相关的限值要求提出了控制措施.     

亚波长金属扫描探针的场型结构及其透射特性

利用时谐电磁场理论和时域有限差分数值方法分析了亚波长金属扫描探针电磁场模式的场型结构和空间分布及透射特性等主要的传输性质,导出了亚波长金属探针内球横电模和球横磁模各电磁场分量的解析表达,运用数值求解获得的精确本征值,得到了金属探针内几个低阶模在球横截面内的场型结构．时域有限差分数值模拟研究结果表明,时谐电磁场的空间分布在亚波长金属探针内呈现准周期性振荡变化,并且在传输径向坐标上会出现一个最大值,最大值的位置随光波波长发生改变,研究结果还表明,在亚波长探针内刻蚀可以更好地激发和引导表面等离子体激元波到达出射孔径端口,提高亚波长空心锥的透射率和增强光学仪器的空间分辨率．     

Science Letters: Lattice type transmission line of negative refractive index

In this letter, we introduce a novel passive transmission line of negative refractive index (i.e., left-handedness) based on identical symmetrical lattice type structures [thus called "lattice type transmission line" (LT-TL)]. The dispersion characteristic and the transmission response of the proposed LT-TL are analyzed. While all the other left-handed passive transmission lines are of high pass, the present passive left-handed transmission line is of low pass. Compared with a conventional transmission line, the LT-TL has a phase shift of 180° in the entire wide pass-band.     

电磁场传输线理论仿真实验的设计与实现

通过对传输线理论教学内容及教学中存在问题的分析,针对传输线3种工作状态、行驻波瞬态分布以及基于Smith圆图的阻抗匹配等教学内容,设计并实现了传输线理论仿真实验。该实验内容突出知识的综合性与应用性,以达到良好的教学效果。     

A new class of negative refractive index transmission line

We propose a new class of negative refractive index transmission line in which ideal operational amplifiers are applied to form the periodically loaded negative-impedance-converted inductors and capacitors. The phase response of the new trans-mission line is opposite to that of a positive refractive index conventional transmission line. Unlike the existing negative refractive index transmission line,the new negative refractive index transmission line is non-dispersive and thus can lead to many novel applications such as designing new broadband devices.