The use of turnitin in the higher education sector: Decoding the myth

Plagiarism needs to be addressed to maintain academic standards and to safeguard the integrity of the academic project. With the evolving digital world, conventional methods of addressing plagiarism are gradually being dismissed in favour of new technologies. Unfortunately, there is a general misunderstanding about what such technologies do. This paper was written from a PhD study, and looks at how such misunderstandings emerge across the higher education sector of one country. Institutional policies and other documents related to plagiarism were analysed from public universities across South Africa, and this was then augmented with interviews with members of institutional plagiarism committees. The results of the study revealed that technology is a key facet in these universities’ attempts to reduce the incidents of plagiarism, and that Turnitin is the most favored text-matching tool. However, the software is misunderstood to be predominantly a plagiarism detection tool for policing purposes, ignoring its educational potential for student development. The implication is that, if Turnitin is primarily used as a policing tool, students are not only denied access to nuanced pedagogical interventions that might develop their academic writing, but its misuse could also change students’ behavior in undesirable ways.     

The rise and fall of the private sector in Portuguese higher education

The steering and regulation of Continental European higher education systems remains, in general, dominated by State authorities. However, recent developments in public administration and finance have produced some changes in the traditional role of the State as the sole provider of funding and central regulator for higher education institutions. The idea of a “market” for higher education has also been used, in many countries only in a rhetorical way, but in other countries some market-like mechanisms are actually being employed by governments in order to increase the efficiency and the responsiveness of universities and colleges to societal demands. In Portugal, a very large private sector of higher education has been allowed to develop. By analysing the governmental policies vis-à-vis its results, we arrive at the conclusion that, despite this very large private sector, no “real” market has emerged, and that the simultaneous lack of efficient State regulation has resulted in a situation of deep crisis for the sector.     

Psychology,market pressures,and pricing decisions in higher education: the case of the US private sector

Higher Education - We examine listed tuition and institutional aid practices within the US private sector, a sector where market pressures are relatively strong and consequently influence...     

Development of private higher education in Macau: Exploring the relationship between government and private sector

The development of private higher education in Macau has experienced rapid growth in the past two decades. The purpose of this paper is to understand this trend by investigating the facts and figures supplied by official sources and to analyze the role between the Government and the private sector. This paper shows that the attitude of the Macau Government is neither authoritative nor laissez-faire toward private higher education. On the one hand, the Government is investing heavily in the public sector. On the other hand, it is assisting the private sector by various means. However, there is a lack of systematic planning in the area of public-private partnership. There are also two issues which may hinder the current development of private higher education. They are an outdated legal framework and a lack of standardized quality assurance measures.     

Diversification in Argentine higher education: Dimensions and impact of private sector growth

Private education is a remarkably dynamic area of change in post-secondary education, particularly in Latin America. Evidence of growth in the number of private institutions and enrollment suggests that higher education is becoming increasingly diversified into two sectors – public and private. While this appears to be true throughout Latin America, and much of the developing world, recent evidence from Argentina casts doubt on the degree to which private sector growth trends may actually translate into a significant increase in the impact of private institutions in higher education, where impact is proxied by the relative share of student enrollment and graduates. This study explores the dimensions and impact of private expansion in Argentina, and places the findings in a comparative (regional) and theoretical framework. The analysis shows that, despite unprecedented growth in the number of private universities, the public sector remains the dominant provider of university education. Private institutions, while certainly more numerous and training a growing number of students, do not account for a larger share of university enrollment. They have, however, developed specific niches (e.g., in graduate level training and in urban areas). Significantly, following a pattern of institutional proliferation found throughout Latin America, some private universities offer elite alternatives to prestigious public institutions. The findings serve to qualify apparent `gains' in private higher education and to underscore the need for further research into the relevant intrasectoral (public and private) dimensions of change in post-secondary education.     

Public relations: An instrument of co-operation linking the private sector and higher education institutions

Some 90 percent of the newly hired employees at Ernst & Young are recent higher education graduates. Since people are the most important asset, the company tries to attract the best talent from the top Polish universities. Thus company contacts with universities are important, and co-operation with them is extremely valuable. The activities of Ernst & Young at universities are focused not only on creating an image of the company as an employer of choice, but the perception that it is an educational organization/“business university”. To achieve this goal, the company makes use of different public relations and marketing tactics.     

高职专业改革的几个问题

高职专业改革是教学改革的龙头,专业培养目标要具有高职教育特色的知识、能力、素质结构;专业结构调 整要具有前瞻性,克服盲目性;专业设置要突出行业性和地方性,要适应岗位培训需求;专业口径要注意针 对性、适应性和融合性;要强化专业实践教学环节;要淡化专业概念,优化课程内容。     

To profit or not to profit: the private higher education sector in Brazil

Brazil has by far the largest higher education system in Latin America, with a sizable share of students enrolled in private-sector institutions. Its recently established and fast-growing for-profit sector is one of the largest worldwide. The for-profit sector already surpasses the public sector in student enrollment, and its role is growing. Public policy has supported for-profit growth, ostensibly for tax revenue reasons, but the federal government has recently launched social initiatives that include tax exemption policies for the for-profit sector in exchange for need-based scholarships. Through exploratory data analysis, this study explores the role, function, and form of the for-profit sector compared with its nonprofit and public counterparts. The findings reveal that the for-profit sector shares some important characteristics with the nonprofit sector but contrasts sharply with the public sector. The study concludes that countries such as Brazil are moving toward public funding for private higher education to meet enrollment targets. These findings may be able to address issues in other countries by considering similar public policies toward private higher education.     

Non-university sector of higher education closer to the labour market: the Polish experience

Higher education in many countries has been influenced by major factors of change due to globalization and reinforced by the development of internationalization, competition, new and different social demands, strategic importance of higher education as a business, etc. As a result of a tremendous growth in the number of students, higher education is moving towards 'mass studies'; in many cases, this is not coupled with proportional increases in expenditure on education, thus lowering the quality of education. Many countries are trying to solve this problem by developing two sectors of higher education, which may be called 'university sector' and 'vocational/non-university sector'. While the mission of the university sector is to educate intellectual élites, higher vocational education schools should, in principle, offer mass education at the undergraduate/first-stage level. Both types of higher education institutions are needed, and thus one could not speak of any subordination of one sector to another. In 1997 the Polish Parliament passed the Act on Vocational Higher Schools. The Act served as the basis for the establishment of the Accreditation Commission for Vocational Higher Schools, which has the task of laying down educational standards and defined conditions which should be met in order to establish and provide courses in specific vocational specialization as well as staff requirements for such specialization. Furthermore, standards were introduced for teaching facilities and curriculum contents. During the 3 years since the introduction of the Act, 16 public higher vocational education schools and 44 non-public higher vocational schools have been established.     

民办高等教育在高等教育体系中的定位

传统的高等教育类型划分影响了民办大学的准确定位 ,对民办高等教育发展产生了消极影响。本文提出民办高等教育应该属于综合类高等教育 ,民办大学有条件办成以全日制本专科教育为主的综合大学 ,而不是高等职业技术学校     

高校教学改革与就业市场的协调及发展

随着我国高等教育面向大众化,每年大学生的就业呈逐年增长趋势,大学生就业已经成为广大学生、家庭、院校和社会共同关注的热点。残酷的就业压力迫使高等教育必须时刻把握就业市场的动态变化,及时准确地做出反应,保持教学改革与就业市场的协调发展,积极有效地促进学生就业。     

试析我国民办高等教育投资体制的改革

本文从理论基础和现实问题出发,认为当前应进一步完善民办高校投资的管理和效益,在分析民办高等教育投资体制改革的必要性基础上,提出了改革的五点措施.     

高等教育市场化改革思路分析

中国高等教育体系需要从根本上进行改革,变国家包办高等教育模式为市场导向教育模式,才能激发动力,提高教育系统效率。本文分析了市场化改革必要性,提出了改革基本路径,并针对一些改革矛盾进行了分析。     

The rising cost of private higher education

The report illustrates the informational and analytical basis on which one high-cost institution—Yale University—sets its annual tuition levels and long-term pricing policies. The rising cost of private higher education in general, and of a Yale education in particular, is examined in a context that takes into account historical trends, economic data (price and income inflation), the financial condition of the institution, comparative cost data from other schools, and studies of the impact of cost on enrollment. The results suggest that current educational costs, despite their recent rapid increases, are not significantly above historical levels (after adjusting for inflation), are not unfair to students, are affordable to most families, and are in line with the costs of other private institutions. No serious impact on the quality or diversity of the student body was discovered.     

新余市民办高等职业技术教育的现状、问题与发展对策

新余市民办高职教育曾经被国家有关教育行政部门誉为”新余现象”,尽管新余市的民办高等职业教育取得了很大的成果,但是从总体看,新余市高民办等职业教育在发展中仍然存在一些问题和不足,这些问题不解决,必将制约新余民办高职教育的发展。文章针对新余市民办高等职业技术教育的问题提出了对策建议,期望新余民办高等职业技术教育能够更好地发展。     

政府与市场——欧洲高等教育改革的竞争性范式

在欧洲,市场概念是高等教育讨论中一个有趣的新元素.在高等教育的放松管制、资源供给的绩效导向模式、鼓励高校间的相互竞争和建立高效的管理机构,甚至在考虑高等教育的"私有化"等方面,这一新元素都引起了一系列新的革新方案.所有的这些发展变化给处在正对自身的资源供给模式、控制权的掌握、相关责任的担负等方面探索中的高等教育财政的影响特别大.在此背景下,展望欧洲高等教育的未来,在高等教育的逐项拨款到集中拨款的转变、公式拨款、激励的作用、校外资源的组织、学费的使用、私立高校的创建、对高校掌控策略的转变以及高校资源的内部分配等8个方面,政府与市场对高等教育关系会有所变化.     

改革开放四十年民办高等教育发展回顾、经验与前瞻

改革开放四十年,我国民办高等教育取得了历史性成就:政策导向由限制走向管扶并举;办学规模由弱小走向庞大;办学层次由低层走向高端;教育质量由粗劣走向提升。民办高等教育四十年改革发展积累了许多宝贵经验:党和政府的支持是民办高等教育发展的基本前提;法治建设是民办高等教育发展的重要保障;保护举办者合法权益是民办高等教育发展的持久动力。展望未来,民办高等教育将在建设教育强国进程中大有作为;内涵式发展将成为提升民办高等教育实力的内生力量;分类管理制度下民办高等教育的公益属性将更加凸显;全球化和信息化将助推民办高等教育发展方式变革。     

The quest for institutional autonomy in the Dutch higher education sector

The term ‘market forces’ has become one of the great clarion calls of the modern era. They are seen as providing the flexibility and responsiveness necessary to allow the satisfaction of consumer demands. Market forces is a term used chiefly to describe economic relationships. Can the characteristics of an economic system be used to characterise the wider society? In particular can increased flexibility and responsiveness to the needs of the consumer play a role in the shaping of Dutch educational policy? In the Netherlands the exigency of financial restraint has prompted educational expenditure cuts. Concomitant to these has been a move towards decentralisation, with self-regulation at the institutional level. Moves that have been characterised as constituting a change in the power structure. This paper argues that the operation of market forces and the promotion of institutional autonomy requires financial independence. Without financial autonomy institutional autonomy may well be a pipe dream.     

民营经济市场准入的立法完善研究

随着中国加入WTO,如何赋予民营经济真正的国民待遇,大力促进其发展,从而不断增强其在国内乃至国际市场上的竞争力,就成为我们要解决的一个重要课题。从党的十六大开始,我国陆续出台了相关政策、法规,以放宽对民营经济市场准入的条件,这无疑为民营经济的发展提供了更为广阔的发展机遇。但就我国民营经济市场准入的法律环境而言,仍存在诸多问题,如缺少直接针对民营经济市场准入的立法、行政性行业垄断的存在、准入前置程序过多等等。因此,我国应进一步完善民营经济市场准入的相关立法。