Family‐centered positive psychology: Focusing on strengths to build student success

Family‐centered positive psychology (FCPP) is defined as a framework for working with children and families that promotes strengths and capacity building within individuals and systems, rather than one focusing solely on the resolution of problems or remediation of deficiencies. This approach to family‐based services is predicated on the belief that child and family outcomes will be enhanced if members participate in identifying needs, establishing social supports and partnerships, and acquiring new skills and competencies, rather than simply receiving services from professionals. In this article, we present a rationale for FCPP, outline its primary principles, highlight one model for working with families that exemplifies FCPP practice, and illustrate its use through an authentic data‐based case study. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 41: 7–17, 2004.     

全面两孩政策下婴幼儿照护家庭支持体系的构建——基于育儿压力、母职困境与社会支持的调查分析

加强家庭婴幼儿照护支持是二孩时代实现幼有所育的关键。从家庭育儿压力、母职困境和社会支持出发,调查6个省12个市共计11453个3岁以下婴幼儿家庭。结果发现,家庭育儿压力较高,抚育成本高昂,子女教育成为最大挑战,且二孩家庭育儿压力更大;母亲育儿工作难平衡,超过三分之一的母亲职业中断,且二孩家庭、低收入和低学历母亲面临更大的职业困境。在社会支持方面,家庭内部支持以祖辈为主,父亲参与不足;对教育支持最为迫切,但所获外部支持有限。在历史短板、时代挑战和文化制约的多重影响下,亟待构建婴幼儿照护家庭支持体系,通过加强对家庭婴幼儿照护的支持和指导,形成夫妻同工、祖辈适度参与的动力机制,保障女性就业权,最终实现家庭与社会共同参与的婴幼儿照护良好格局,切实缓解家庭的育儿压力。     

当前家庭面临的挑战与构建和谐家庭的政策路径

家庭是社会的细胞,和谐家庭是建设和谐社会的基础。当前我国社会转型给家庭带来了一系列冲击,和谐家庭建设面临着诸多挑战。通过分析和谐家庭建设面临的形势,指出了和谐家庭建设应该把握的原则和避免的误区,提出了促进和谐家庭建设的政策路径。     

Authority and Authority Relations in Mathematics Education: A View from an 8th Grade Classroom

Compared to studies in general education, authority has received little attention in mathematics education, despite an increasing interest in sociological perspectives in mathematics classroom research. The subject of authority is particularly important in mathematics education, on the one hand, because of the immense authority mathematics itself seems to possess and pass on to its practitioners, but also, on the other hand, because of the anti-authoritarianism present, to some degree, in many trends in mathematics education such as cooperative learning approaches and constructivist pedagogies. Such an anti-authoritarian stance appears justified by data from an 8th grade mathematics classroom (supplemented with data from a second 8th grade classroom) which suggest that teachers possess immense authority in the eyes of the students and that this and other authority relations are strongly evident in the students non-reflective ways of interacting not only with their teachers but also among themselves. However, theoretical considerations on authority show that the problem may not be authority per se but the way one conceives the notion of authority, that there exist kinds of authority, such as Bennes anthropogogical authority, which can encourage reflective and also fruitful collaborative work.     

“Hispanic” children: Theoretical,empirical, and related policy issues

Not only are school-age ethnic and racial minority children one of the fastest growing segments of the U.S. population, they are also one of the most vulnerable. Hispanic children in particular are representative of the at-risk status of minority populations, displaying a portrait of unrealized social, educational, and employment success. This paper addresses the background and history of U.S. social and educational policies as they relate to the Hispanic student. Recent empirical findings are presented which support the following: (a) the bilingual character of Hispanic children is not a linguistic, cognitive, or educational liability and, in fact, should be employed to promote academic achievement; (b) the culture of the Hispanic family and child are better understood with regard to socialization variables and the potential differences they produce when directly compared to Anglo culture; and (c) educational strategies for Hispanic students that respect and integrate students' social, psychological, and linguistic attributes serve students effectively.     

试论终身教育体系的建构

建构完善的终身教育体系是应对21世纪知识经济挑战和实现全面建设小康社会的战略目标的重要措施。本文就终身教育体系的建构从三方面进行了阐述,即树立终身教育理念是其前提,建设学习型社会组织是其基础,整合各级各类教育是其途径。     

加强中国共产党的作风建设简论

中国共产党历来重视作风建设,这是中国革命和建设取得胜利的基本保证.当前,国际国内政治经济形势发生的深刻变化,对党的作风建设提出了新的挑战和要求.在新形势下,加强党风建设,必须牢固树立宗旨意识、群众观点、俭朴意识和法律意识,才能纠正党风中存在的问题,保持党的先进性.     

新时期加强高校团支部工作探析

通过研究市场经济体制引发的社会变化、校园生活的网络化以及教育体制改革给当前团支部建设带来的挑战,分析了当前高校基层团支部建设中存在的问题,并提出要进一步创新思想教育理念,在团员意识和团员素质、干部队伍建设、制度建设等方面开展工作,以期加强高校基层团支部的建设,充分发挥其在高校思想政治教育和全面推进素质教育进程中应有的作用．     

An evaluation of the Social Emotional Health Survey—Secondary for use with students with learning disabilities

Students with learning disabilities (LD) represent a vulnerable population and are at higher risk for social and emotional challenges compared to their peers without LD. A strengths‐based orientation is recommended to encourage building resilience factors to counteract the negative effects of LD over the lifespan. To identify areas of strength and areas for growth, measurement tools that are appropriate for the population of students with LD are needed. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Social Emotional Health Survey—Secondary for use with students with LD. Data from students in three secondary schools (n = 2,847) were used to confirm the factor structure, establish measurement invariance, and compare the social–emotional profiles of students with and without LD. The LD group was found to report lower overall social–emotional strengths than those of their non‐LD peers. Implications for practitioners and researchers are discussed.     

"三个代表"重要思想是应对国内外重大挑战的强大理论武器

推进改革开放、全面建设小康社会,以及当代世界发生的巨大变化,给党的建设提出了新的更高的要求。只有与时俱进、不断进行理论创新,才能更好地带动各方面的工作,为保持党的先进性,建设充满生机和活力的政党创造条件。“三个代表”是党应对各种挑战所进行的重大理论创新。学习贯彻“三个代表”重要思想。增强和提高党的创造力、战斗力、影响力,才能克服困难赢得胜利。     

优化产学研结合模式及其对策

优化产学研结合模式是全面建设小康社会,实施科教兴国战略的一个新的重要课题。高等学校要发挥优势,拓展社会职能,在优化产学研结合模式中起主导作用。各级政府要调整管理体制,切实把产学研结合作为最中心的工作,纳入政府规划,明确职责,引导企业成为科技创新的主体;要加强宏观调控,协调解决产学研结合中的各种困难与矛盾,创造有利于产学研结合的政策环境。     

当代中国家庭秩序论纲

家庭秩序是基于现代明基础之上的良性的家庭人际关系，是家庭赖以存在并健康发展的规范体系。家庭秩序包括两性婚姻关系。家庭角色关系、家庭成员的权利和义务，家庭经济关系，家庭生活方式、家庭教育、家庭化、家庭道德等内容，建立当代新型的家庭秩序，需要家庭自身的营造、社会家庭之间的示范及互动作用，社会规范体系的运作。家庭秩序与社会秩序有相当的联系，家庭的建立、存在、发展状况，关系着社会的稳定和健康发展。     

我国世界一流大学建设政策的成效研究——基于双重差分模型的经验证据

在首轮“双一流”建设周期期满之际,评价世界一流大学建设政策成效具有现实意义。本研究在归纳出世界一流大学建设政策成效的评价维度后,收集2015—2019年39所世界一流大学建设高校、57所世界一流学科建设高校的校际面板数据,采用双重差分法构建计量模型,评估了世界一流大学建设的政策效应。结果显示,世界一流大学建设政策的实施在综合实力、学科建设、师资队伍建设、社会服务能力方面对入选高校产生了积极影响,且政策效应估计值具有统计学意义,总体而言通过一系列稳健性检验。然而,少数反映世界一流大学建设政策成效的指标呈现的影响虽为正向但不显著,这反映了该政策效应与政策目标相比仍然存在一些差距和不足。基于此,本研究展望新一轮世界一流大学建设的政策导向:在学科建设上需关注“冷门绝学”,适当增添人文社会科学“色彩”;在师资队伍建设上需更注重“内源”发展,坚持“外援”“内源”相结合;在社会服务能力提升上需注重构建科技成果转化的长效机制。     

试论"三个代表"重要思想入宪及其重要意义

“三个代表”重要思想写入宪法,有一个形成和发展的过程,它是国家政治和社会生活中的大事,具有重大的现实意义和深远的历史意义。它实现了国家指导思想的又一次与时俱进,为全面建设小康社会提供了最重要的法律保障,从而保证了人民群众的根本利益,显示了中国社会主义的强劲生命力。     

从发展“四位一体”社会主义看完善农村社会救助制度

中国特色社会主义社会是经济、政治、文化和社会"四位一体"全面发展的社会.我国社会建设长期滞后,其中农村社会救助制度建设尤为落后.完善农村社会救助制度,有利于发展社会主义政治、经济、文化,也是构建和谐社会的必然要求.我国要尽快发展完善农村社会救助制度,实现社会主义经济、政治、文化和社会的协调发展,建设"四位一体"的中国特色社会主义.     

Developing cultural humility through experiential learning: How home visits transform early childhood preservice educators’ attitudes for engaging families

Research calls for teacher education to prepare early childhood educators for the needs of diverse and marginalized young children and their families in the U.S. With an increasing cultural divide between teachers and students, some early childhood educators may demonstrate limited understanding for how diverse cultural, linguistic, racial, and socioeconomic backgrounds inform the daily functions of families of young children. In this article, we examine how the use of experiential learning vis-à-vis conducting a home visit with a family from a diverse and marginalized background can shape early childhood preservice teachers’ (PST) development of cultural humility, an important component of cultural competence. During this experiential learning, PSTs engaged in critically reflective practices to uncover and challenge their implicit biases. While discovering the strengths and challenges among their home visit families, PSTs also learned what they had in common with the families. PSTs noted how the home visit process informed their work as future early childhood educators.     

社会排斥理论视角下高校贫困生就业问题研究

社会排斥理论是指社会弱势群体在劳动力市场以及社会障体系中受到主流社会的排挤,并且这种排挤通过社会的"再造"而累积与传递。从"游戏规则"层面和贫困生层面,社会排斥理论可以有效解释当前高校贫困生就业遇到瓶颈的深层次原因。政府应从法律、法规层面制定防止就业排斥的相关制度,创造一个公平合理的就业氛围与就业环境,建立公正的就业体系。高校贫困生应努力提升自身的人力资本,使自己成为综合素质高、应用能力强、具有竞争力的求职者。     

论清末民初女性生存空间的新开拓——以女作家吕碧城为例

在清末民初，许多女性感应着革命风潮和女权思潮的激荡，“逃离”家庭的私性空间，而进入到家庭以外的公共空间去寻觅自己的人生出路。女作家吕碧城就是其中成功的典型范例之一。论文通过吕碧城在文字拟构的媒体公共空间、现实的社会事功空间、一己的私性生活空间中的开掘和拓展，表明女性的新的生存空间的开启，作为一种新的理念已为很多接触到新思想的男女所认同，而这也恰是社会性别意识变动并使女性能够迈人“英雌”行列的重要社会条件。     

Challenges of Chinese and European Universities in the Modernization and Global Context

Higher education systems need to increasingly transform in order to face new challenges of society in a modern and global context. Both Europe and China are facing challenges in restructuring their higher education systems and embracing the potential for higher education to deliver innovative teaching and learning as well as social and economic services for a changing society. This paper analyses the challenges to European and Chinese universities today and elaborates on the implications of these challenges for EU-China higher education collaboration. An analysis of challenges and relevant strategies in these two contexts can offer us insights into the strengths and weaknesses of each system. This can act as a solid basis for future collaborations or as potential barriers. Thus, this paper endeavors to fill in the gap regarding EU-China higher education cooperation by reducing the knowledge deficit and bringing mutual understanding, respect, trust, and ultimately benefit to both sides.     

何谓“历史唯物主义精神”

历史唯物主义的“历史”不是对历史过程的经验描述，而是反映现实的真实社会状况的生产力和生产关系的矛盾发展史，“历史精神”体现为一种历史发生学的科学方法论；历史唯物主义的“唯物”不是对唯心主义的简单否定，而是在唯物主义的基础上解析了人类自由的获得路径问题。不同于海德格尔的“存在论”哲学，马克思发现了真正探及社会生活本质同时也是文化的本质的历史唯物主义的分析方法，从而开辟了一条崭新的哲学道路矗立于现代哲学之林，这就是作为整体哲学形态的“历史唯物主义精神”。