2输入升降压型DC-DC变换器的部分共振特性

多输入DC-DC变换器由于其独特的电路拓扑结构，在结合利用诸如太阳电池，燃料电池，风力发电等电源容量及电压级别各不相同的无公害能源方面，具有很好的应用前景。但其功率开关器件在硬开关状态下动作，由此产生的功率损耗及噪音污染成为问题。本文对多输入变换嚣中最常用的2输入升降压型DC-DC变换嚣的部分共振特性进行了探讨，在储能电感处于非连续电流工作状态下，以极其简单的电路方式，实现半导体功率开关的零电压零电流导通，输出整流二极管的振荡电压的消除及零电流关断，从而改善了变换器的转换效率并降低了其所产生的噪音。     

一类改进型反激升压式功率因数校正AC/DC开关变流器优化设计

本文系统及深入分析了单级与双级功率因数校正AC/DC变流器的性能特征,并指出各自存在的优缺点.在此基础上,结合软开关技术的特点,提出了一种基于集成化设计的功率因数校正AC/DC开关变流器电路,此类变流器克服了传统单级及双级变流器存在的不足,具有直接功率转换概念的新型功率因数校正电路的特点,它综合具有传统反激式升压转换器的功率传输特性,具有高效、高功率因数、成本低的特点;文中对新拓扑与传统拓扑在效率、功率因数以及直流输出电压等方面进行了比较,并通过一个150W/28V的电路模块进行了实验验证,并给出了实验结果,结果表明,新型PFC拓扑电路能显著地提高变流器的转换效率,比传统PFC电路转换器效率要高出5％.     

Soft Switched Synchronous Rectifier with Phase-Shifted Full Bridge Converter and Its Small-Signal Analysis

BY USING THE OUTPUT INDUCTORS AND BODY CAPACITANCES WITHOUT ADDING ANY COMPONENT COMPARED WITH HARD SWITCHING SYNCHRONOUS RECTIFIER,THE TOPOLOGY OF A SOFT SWITCHED SYNCHRONOUS RECTIFIER WITH PHASE-SHIFTED FULL BRIDGE ZERO VOLTAGE SWITCHING DC/DC CONVERTER IS PROPOSED. THE CONVERTER EFFICIENCY IS MAXIMIZED DUE TO SOFT SWITCHING OF THE FULL BRIDGE MOSFETS AND THE SYNCHRONOUS MOS-FETS, AND ALSO THE LOW CONDUCTION LOSS OF SYNCHRONOUS MOSFET. THE OPERATION PRINCIPLES OF THE CIRCUIT ARE ANALYZED IN DETAIL AND THE SMALL-SIGNAL MODEL IS DERIVED, ALSO THE CONVERTER DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS ARE ANALYZED. FREQUENCY RESPONSES OF TRANSFER FUNCTIONS UNDER DIFFERENT VALUES OF TRANSFORMER PRIMARY LEAKAGE INDUCTANCE ARE DISCUSSED. THE EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS WERE OBTAINED FROM A 400 V INPUT AND 100 A/12 V OUTPUT DC/DC CONVERTER OPERATING AT 100 KHZ. THE RESULTS SHOW THAT THE CONVERTER EFFICIENCY IS 2% HIGHER IN RATED POWER THAN TRADITIONAL DIODE RECTIFIER.     

A new high-performance AC/DC power factor correction switching converter based on one-cycle control technology and active floating-charge technology

A new family of converters, high-performance AC/DC power factor correction （PFC） switching converters with onecycle control technology and active floating-charge technology, was derived and experimentally verified. The topology of a single-phase CCM and DCM Boost-PFC switching converter was also analyzed. Its operating prniciples and control methods were expounded. Based on these, a new type of AC/DC switching converter circuits for PFC combined with one-cycle control technology was presented herein. The proposed AC/DC switching converter significantly helps improve the converter efficiency and its power factor value.     

结实型谐振支路及其在软开关变换器中的应用

本文给出了结实型谐振支路实现软开关的工作原理和运行特性 ,详细讨论了结实型谐振支路拓扑在软开关直直变换器和软开关逆变器中的各种应用 .结实型谐振支路可构成升降压软开关直直变换器、具有输出功率自动限制特性的隔离型软开关直直变换器 ,可实现部分串联谐振直直变换器功率管的零电压、零电流开关 ,可用于移相控制全桥直直变换器实现滞后桥臂功率管的软开关 ,可构成结实型谐振极逆变器和结实型谐振直流环节逆变器 .本文对各变换器的工作原理、特性、实现软开关的条件进行了讨论 ,给出了实验和仿真波形 .     

Average modeling of Single Stage Flyback PFC+Flyback DC/DC converter

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具有无源无损缓冲功能的BOOST变换电路设计

通过在传统BOOST变换器电路中附加一些无源元件组成无源无损缓冲电路单元,实现了开关管的零电流导通和零电压关断,并能将缓冲单元中存储的能量向主电路实现无损反馈。通过对电路的分析及仿真,表明该电路结构简单,控制方便,具有一定的实用性。     

Average modeling of Single Stage Flyback PFC+Flyback DC/DC converter

With the use of this novel everage model for Single Stage Flyback PFC+Flyback DC/DC converter, voltage control mode, peak current control mode and average current control mode can be simulated easily by changing the model's parameters. It can be used to do various analysis not only for small signal and static behavior but also for large signal and dynamic behavior of the converter. By using this average model the simulation speed can be improved by 2 orders of magnitude above that obtained by using the conventional switched model. It can be applied to optimize the trade-off between high power factor, voltage stress, current stress and good output performance while designing this kind of single stage PFC converter. A 60W single stage power factor corrector was built to verify the proposed model. The modeling principle can be applied to other Single Stage PFC topologies. Project (No. 50077020) supponted by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

数码发电机中电压变换模块的研制

通过三相半控整流桥导通角的PI调节与基于试验参数形成的专家系统对动力机油门开度调节,实现机组发电产生的中频电压经三相半控整流形成稳定的直流母线电压,并以单极倍频固定SPWM方式逆变为目标的工频电压.研制的变换模块应用于数码发电机具有动态响应快、发电效率高等特点.     

基于MSP430F169单片机的直流电子负载的设计

为了智能测量和研究直流稳压电源、蓄电池等电源的负载特性,设计了一台以TI公司的16位超低功耗单片机MSP430F169为中心控制的直流电子负载。外置16位D/A转化芯片ADS1115实时高精度采样电源电压和电流信号,经过单片机程序控制,单片机内置12位D/A转换电路输出一个直流信号并经过运放放大后驱动功率MOS管工作。MOS管作为功率消耗元件,整个电路构成了电压和电流闭环调节系统,可工作于恒压和恒流2种模式。被测电源的输出电压、输出电流和负载调整率可以实时测量并显示在图形液晶显示屏上,电流和电压的测量精度可达（0.02%±0.02%FS）。电子负载人机交互友好,测量精度高,单片机外围电路简单,可靠性高,扩充性好,具有很强的实用价值。     

基于SPWM方式车载12VDC/220VAC变流器分析与设计

该文分析和讨论了车载DC／AC变流器的结构、原理以及设计过程等。整个变流器由DC／DC变换器,DC／AC逆变器,辅助电源,以及各种保护电路组成。通过对DC-DC变换器原理的分析,确定了以推挽式变换器作为低压变高压的电路。本文设计的开关逆变器具有多种保护措施,如过压、欠压、过流、过温等,使得系统的可靠性高。由于逆变器工作于高频开关状态,所以本文研究的变流器具有体积小、重量轻等优点。     

基于DPA—Switch的蓄电池供电系统开关电源设计

采用美国PowerIntegration（PI）公司的单片集成Dc—DC开关电源芯片DPA—Switch,设计并制作了一种DC—DC反激式高频开关电源,能够在12～48V电压等级蓄电池供电的电力电子系统中作为控制电源。介绍了以DPA—Switch系列DPA425芯片作为控制核心的开关电源的工作原理,着重讨论了工作频率达400kHz的高频变压器的设计与制作。研究结果表明,该电源能够在12-48V电压等级蓄电池系统中稳定工作,输出±15V（0．3A）和±5V（0．5A）四路直流电压,各路输出电压波动小于5％,满足设计要求,该开关电源具有较好的工程实用性。     

一种基于全桥移相ZVS-PWM直流变换器的设计

提出了一种能在全负载范围内实现零电压开关的改进型全桥移相ZVS—PWMDC／DC变换器．该电路简单高效,超前臂、滞后臂都能在很宽的范围实现软开关．介绍和分析了变换器的工作原理,最后给出了实验结果和两个主要波形,并做出了详细的说明．     

On-chip boost regulator with projected off- and on-time control

The boost type power supplies are widely used in portable consumer electronics to step up the input voltage to adapt for the high voltage applications like light-emitting diode （LED） driving and liquid crystal display （LCD） biasing. In these applications, a regulator with small volume, fewer external components and high efficiency is highly desired. This paper proposes a projected off- and on-time boost control scheme, based on which a monolithic IC with an on-chip VDMOS with 0.2 Ω on-state resistance RDS-ON was implemented in 1.5 μm bipolar-CMOS-DMOS （BCD） process. A 12 V, 0.3 A boost regulator prototype is presented as well. With projected off-time and modulated on-time in continuous conduction mode （CCM）, a quasi fixed frequency, which is preferred for ripple control, is realized. With projected on-time and modulated off-time in discontinuous conduction mode （DCM）, pulse frequency modulation （PFM） operation, which is beneficial to light load efficiency improvement, is achieved without extra control circuitry. Measurement results show that an efficiency of 3% higher than that of a conventional method under 0.5 W output is achieved while a step load transient response comparable to that of current mode control is maintained as well.     

基于LM2575降压型DC/DC电源的设计

设计了一款降压型DC/DC开关电源电路。分析和阐述了降压型转换器的电路拓扑和工作原理,根据系统性能设计了电路,同时对电源转换效率进行了仿真,其效率最高可达90%。该电源具有7 V-40 V电源电压输入范围,输出电压在1.23 V～20 V之间连续可调,经功率计测量、计算得电源转换效率达到85%以上,各项指标均达到了设计要求。电源整体电路满足小封装要求,可应用在MCU、DSP以及USB电源等便携式电子产品中。     

串(并)联谐振DC-DC开关变流器分析和设计

本文通过对各种串并联谐振DC-DC开并变流器和输出整流器的比较,阐述了在分布式电源系统中,在DC-DC原边变流器中采用串并联谐振LLC谐振变流器和输出端采用全波整流器电路,在高输入电压的情况下,循环能量减小,输入电压范围可以拓宽,并且效率可以提高,损耗可明显减小。本文对串并联谐振谐振变换器的工作原理和控制方法进行了细致的分析,建立了谐振变换器的各个工作模式的条件,并给出了计算机仿真实验分析数据。     

A novel control strategy for load converter of DC isolated distribution system under unbalanced loading conditions

A novel control strategy for the load converter supplying the unbalanced AC load in a DC isolated distribution system is presented. The control algorithm results in balanced and sinusoidal load voltages under unbalanced AC loading. The unbalanced load is characterized in the d-q-0 rotating coordinate based on symmetrical sequence components. Also, the mathematical model of the load converter in both a-b-c and d-q-0 coordinates is derived by using the average large signal model. Then, two control strategies for the load converter are presented. The first one uses the conventional d-q-0 controller to ensure the voltage and current regulation. The second one is a newly proposed control strategy based on the decomposition of the voltage and current into in- stantaneous positive, negative, and zero sequences. These three sequences are controlled independently in their own reference frames as DC signals. The performance of the load converter using these two control strategies is compared. Simulation results show the validity and capability of the newly proposed control strategy.     

Digitally controlled boost PFC converters operating with large scale load fluctuations

When boost power factor correction （PFC） circuit works with large scale load fluctuations, it is easy to cause a higher total harmonic distortion and a lower power factor because of traditional controllers and inductor cur- rent mode. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a PFC control system, which can operate with load fluctuations up to 1 000 W by using duty cycle feed-forward control theory to achieve smooth switching mode. The duty cycles in the next period of the control system are pre-estimated in the current cycle, which enhances the speeds of AD samplers and switching frequency, and reduces the cost and volume of the equipment to some extent. Introductions of system decoupling and feed-forward of input-voltage greatly improve the system performance. Both theoretical simulation and experimental results prove the advantage of the proposed scheme.     

一种新的软开关推挽直流变换器研究

本文提出了一种LCL谐振式推挽电路拓扑,谐振元件位于推挽电路变压器的原边;分析了电路的两种工作模式,通过分析可知,谐振电路参数决定谐振频率,同时影响谐振电流幅值;以600W样机为基础,进行了仿真分析与实验,实验表明提出的电路拓扑很好地实现了零电压开通和零电流关断,验证了拓扑的正确性和有效性。     

Design of a high efficiency boost DC-DC converter

An accurate circuit of PWM/PFM mode converting and a circuit of auto-adaptively adjusting dimension of power transistor are described. The duty cycle of the signal when the control mode converts can be gained accurately by using ratios of currents and capacitances, and an optimal dimension of power transistor is derived with different loads. The converter is designed by 0.35 μm standard CMOS technology. Simulation results indicate that the converter starts work at 0.8 V input voltage. Combined with synchronized rectification, the transfer efficiency is higher than 90% with full load range, and achieves 97.5% at rating output.