越南李氏王朝的建立及其内外政策

公元 1 1世纪初 ,越南前黎朝殿前指挥使李公蕴发动政变 ,篡黎立李。李氏得国伊始 ,在政治上 ,仿唐宋官制 ,首次确立了较为完备的封建中央集权专制君主制度 ;在经济上 ,实行土地国有制 ,重农扶商 ,诏定税制 ;在对外关系上 ,遣使晋见宋王 ,请求宋王册封其为安南君主。在国力步入强大时 ,则推行北犯中国、南侵占城、西掠哀牢的政策 ,称霸南疆 ,但最终国力衰败 ,李氏天下覆亡 ,陈氏代之而起     

Emergence of the Cultural Dimension: The Roles and Impact of Culture on Counseling Supervision

No man ever looks at the world with pristine eyes. He sees it edited by a definite set of customs and institutions and ways of thinking. Even in his philosophical probings he cannot go behind these stereotypes; his very concepts of the true and the false will still have reference to his particular traditional customs. … From the moment of his birth the customs into which he is born shape his experience and behaviour. By the time he can talk, he is the little creature of his culture, and by the time he is grown and able to take part in its activities, its habits are his habits, its beliefs his beliefs, its impossibilities his impossibilities. Every child that is born into his group will share them with him, and no child born into one on the opposite side of the globe can ever achieve the thousandth part. There is no social problem it is more incumbent upon us to understand than this of the role of custom. Until we are intelligent as to its laws and varieties, the main complicating facts of human life must remain unintelligible. (pp. 2–3)     

叔叔乔的牛车

MY dad had done wellin his end of schoolexams and got agood job in the civil servicein Dubfin.This allowed himto leave the small farm hegrew up on and move tothe city for a better life.Hisbrother Joe stayed on theland but he hated having towork in the same place allthe time.So his uncles andmy dad chipped in(筹集资金)and helped him to buy a cattletruck.It was a big truck,capable of holding up to a dozen bigcattle.You could also slide boards into the middle of thecontainer,making it a two tier carrier for sheep.Uncle loedrove his own animals to markets and fairs in the western andmidland towns and as fir as Dubhn,the capital on the eastcoast.He also carried animals for others in return for a fee.Inother words he became a haulier(货运车夫)as well as a firmerin his own right.In this way he soon became the wealthiestman in his parish(教区),as well as the happiest,because heloved the roads.He loved meeting difierent people all thetime     

Har Gobind Khorana

This article provides a brief summary of Har Gobind Khorana??s early years in science including his years as an independent investigator at the British Columbia Research Council in Vancouver, Canada. It also includes interesting anecdotes about his career and about him as a scientist based on his own writings, including (1) how he simply showed up in the laboratory of Dr. Vladimir Prelog in Zurich, with no recommendations, and pleaded for a little space to do postdoctoral research under him, (2) how his determination and tenacity to learn the German language well introduced him to the world of a class of chemical reagents called ??carbodiimides??, which proved pivotal for much of his early work on the synthesis of nucleotides, nucleotide coenzymes and the first synthesis of a gene, and (3) how he ended up in Vancouver, Canada for his first position as an independent investigator.     

LEARNING ABOUT LEARNING: EARLY CHILDHOOD STUDENTS EXPLORE REGGIO

One of the greatest challenges we face as an early childhood professional community is providing short-term, affordable professional development that results in depth of understanding and change of practice. The University of Wyoming Early Childhood Summer Institute is a model for professional development that fosters reflection, inquiry, and change in beliefs and practice for early childhood practitioners. The 3-day Institute has an innovative structure and constructivist quality that allows for intense, authentic learning among participants. The research reported in this article supports this claim and clarifies key components of the model critical to the transfer of knowledge gained through the Institute to application in the workplace. In a 6-month follow-up study after the Institute, participants, Institute facilitators, and keynote speakers describe how the Institute has continued to influence their beliefs and practice over time.

Exploring a Plum

I had to do an observation of a child for a class that was part of the Institute, so I chose my grandson who was about 13 months at the time. I had planned on giving him some really cool blocks and things. Instead (it was right after I went to the Institute), I was sitting there eating a plum trying to figure out how to set things up and I looked up and he was watching me so intently that I decided to do my observation on that. I introduced him to his first plum and sat back and watched him explore and discover it. I watched him, I took pictures of him and put the story and pictures together. I could really see what they were talking about at the Institute … just stepping back and watching. (T. D. Participant 6).     

细细的粉红丝带

一位英俊的中年男子静静地走进一家咖啡馆坐了下来。点饮料前,他不由自主地瞥了一眼邻桌的几个年轻人。很显然,他们正在笑他。开始中年男子有些丈二和尚摸不着头脑,随后想起自己西服翻领上别着一根细细的粉红丝带,才明白了其中的缘由。     

一江春水向东流——李煜词情感特征说略

李煜词情感特征突出。彻底享乐、坦直言情、极情尽致地抒写亡国感受，表现着他的真率；成长环境、文化素养、个人经历、诗人天赋，造就了他的敏锐；自然感发之情，世路飘忽之感、河山社稷之悲，合构成他情感上的巨大负荷。而这真率、敏锐、大负荷的情感特征，正是李煜词作具有经久不衰的感人力量的重要原因     

陈炯明与惠州的不解之缘

陈炯明是近代史上一个颇有争议的人物。考察陈氏起起落落的政治生涯,可以发现,他和惠州结下了不解之缘：他从由惠州淡水举义后登上广东军政舞台,一度创造了＂惠州人的广东＂的神话;他与孙中山决裂后,在东江、潮梅一带进行了长达3年的拉锯战,最终以惠州的易手为标志而落败;最后,他病死香港,归葬西湖。陈炯明的成也惠州、败也惠州、归骨惠州,可以从三个维度来进行解读：风云激荡的时代,成就了他在近代史上的地位;地势险要、战略地位重要的惠州,与他的政治生命息息相关;出于强烈的地方主义情绪,他视惠州为生活的丰沛之地。     

桑尼的启示

Sunny's grandfather had suddenly taken ill and was not able to play with him any more like he used to before. Little Sunny was very sad and felt very lonely. He would go and sit by his grandfather's bed, waiting for him to get up and play with him again. At night, he would think of the little cowherd boy, Krishna, and pray to him fervendy to make his grandfather well again. But, little Krishna was busy having fun, and would not answer Sunny's     

略论丘逢甲内渡后的教育实践

丘逢甲从事教育活动的过程其实也是他寻找救国“伟人”的过程，他内渡后继续投身于教育是最符合他个人实际-而又体现了他具有自知之明的救国道路选择。他特别重视教学内容的实用性，强调要以实学“强国”；重视以新教育振刷国民的民族精神，强调要以教育唤醒国民，培养国民伟大的民族观念，强调要以新教育达到“救国”的目的。     

笨贼

健忘的强盗 43岁的马库斯·伯恩斯坦走进一家食品杂货店，要洗劫收银机里的所有钱。收银员把钱交给他，他逃之天天，却把钱包丢在了柜台上。里面有他的所有个人信息。警察很快就在他家把他逮捕了。泡泡惹的祸 得克萨斯州的窃贼布拉德·斯金普顿闯入了一栋位于得克萨斯州休斯敦郊区的大房子。     

“鳄鱼先生”的生命悲歌

斯蒂夫·欧文的一个终身老友述说了“鳄鱼猎人”在失去知觉和临死前是如何将致命的刺鳐毒尾从胸口里拔出来的。他的朋友约翰·斯特恩顿说，他看到了他朋友走在生命尽头的镜头，而图像是“令人震惊”的。“观看这些镜头是件非常痛苦的事，因为你确确实实在目睹一个人死去……这太恐怖了。”他还说，“录像显示，斯蒂夫恰好顶在了鳍刺的顶端，而它尾巴一靠近，就刺到他这里（胸口），斯蒂夫将刺拔了出来，不一会就去世了。这就是整个过程。摄像师不得不停止了拍摄。”这起悲剧上演之时，44岁的欧文正在昆士兰以北的大堡礁拍摄一期电视节目。当时正在道格拉斯港潜水的他一被刺鳐那长达20厘米的毒尾刺中心脏便立刻奄奄一息了。这名澳大利亚人的偶像的去世成为了世界各地的头条新闻，各界人士纷纷致词表示哀悼。     

九月的一天

As on every weekday Tom Tuckett was awakened by his annoying, buzzing alarm clock at 5:30. He got out of bed and proceeded to his bathroom for his daily cold shower to wake him up. He turned the knob all the way to the right to make sure the water would be as cold as it could be. He had started this ritual when he moved to New York to take a teaching job at PS 181 in Manhattan.     

在爱中涅槃——浅析曾卓1955至1976年的诗歌创作

曾卓是一个用自己内心的爱进行诗歌创作的诗人,相比文坛的许多大家来说,他并不为人所熟知,诗歌也从来没有带给他荣誉,带给他的甚至只是厄运,但他从来没有放弃过心中对诗歌的热爱,一直满怀感情地执著着自己的诗歌创作。1955年-1976年的诗歌创作是他几十年诗歌创作生涯中最令人难以忘怀的,诗是他的生命,心中的爱帮他延续着诗歌,爱是诗人在那个特殊年代不变的情怀。     

C S Smith’s development of a viewpoint

Cyril Smith’s distinguished career in industrial metallurgy was wonderfully transformed into his masterful engagement with the history of science and technology. These two phases were bridged by a piece of research that particularly pleased him, as epitomising his general ideas of form and organisation. It was based on his conception of the 2D soap froth as a prototype for metallic grain growth (and much else). He rightly sensed that it would be an enduring source of understanding of some of the complex effects that he so admired in materials.     

《剧谈录》及其作者史实考辨

康軿，是晚唐时期两年连登两科的文坛著名人物。可随着岁月的流淌和各种不良环境的冲涮。他一生的著述，大都荡然无存，对于他这个人，也逐步为后世淡忘。历史文献的疏误与讹传，令其籍贯故里不清，功名时间不明，仕途官职参差，甚至连名字也混淆难辨。千余年来。康軿被人为地“酿就”成了一个复杂人物。文章在史海钩沉、排比考证和源流梳理中，将这些错乱不清的问题，一一加以考证、确定和廓清。对康骈《剧谈录》一书价值，亦作出简扼评述。呼唤今日社会将这一著名人物的遗著，作为一份珍贵的文化遗产加以研究，将其铸就为先进生产力。     

Wake Me Up When September Ends

这首歌的创作与绿日乐队的主唱比利·乔．阿姆斯特朗的父亲有关。1982年9月，他的父亲因患喉癌去世，那时他10岁。在举行葬礼时，阿姆斯特朗承受不住丧父的悲痛，跑进房间把门锁了起来。他的母亲担心地追了过来，发现门上了锁，母亲让他出来，但他只说了这么一句——“等九月过去了再来叫我吧。”     

Remembering Peter Medway

Peter Medway was an exceptionally able teacher, researcher and thinker, and his work throws light on governments, inspectors and educators. In the early 1960s, Peter met a theory which ‘established language as a major means of constructing our realities’. Later, after teaching English in secondary schools for two decades, he reflected on why this theory had failed to make English more serious and more central. In his research, he looked into the history of English, its assumptions, practices and motivations. He also wrote about the significance of the students’ experiences, looking carefully (and critically) at what they produced in talk and writing. Persuaded that English needs to be about using language rather than studying it, he helped students find the right words. Starting with their own words, Peter focused on the business of making interventions without compromising students’ own agency. When he returned from Canada to take up a lectureship at King’s College, London, he was dismayed by the state of English in schools. His dissatisfaction with current English teaching led to a fully funded research project as well as a major publication that tells a story of the way teacher-led change transformed English in post-war London, English Teachers in a Postwar Democracy. Here we remember what was special about his contribution, his legacy and why we will miss him.     

朱熹与闽南多元宗教

闽南素称“佛国”,为多元宗教聚集之地。朱熹初仕任泉州同安县主簿,晚年出知漳州,与闽南多元宗教有着千丝万缕的关系。仕泉之前,朱熹所学杂驳,既受孔孟学说和二程理学的熏陶,又曾问禅学佛,访道焚修。同安任初,朱熹也曾沉浸于佛道。然而,通过从同安一县及泉州一郡透视整个南宋社会政治、经济、文化现实,使其接受李侗之教而“逃禅归儒”。泉州之“胡贾建层楼”（伊斯兰教寺）事件为朱熹应对禅佛教、摩尼教的挑战提供了借鉴。朱熹对于摩尼教（明教）,仕泉偶涉,知漳则禁。总之,朱熹之于闽南多元宗教,兼融而不宽容。     

重构生活与反抗、超越荒诞--从叙述方式的角度解读《局外人》

对《局外人》的叙述方式虽然有不同的理解,但一般都把作品的主题归结为主要揭示了“荒诞”。其实,从叙述方式上讲,《局外人》是默尔索面对荒诞和死亡而不屈服,要通过语言重构生活、表明自己对过去的“义无反顾”态度的产物。在默尔索的重构过程中,出现了针对他的两个“法庭”、两个“审判”,即法庭对他的刑事审判、读者对他的道德审判,并因此揭示了两种荒诞。作品的主题也因此更丰富、更深刻。它不仅揭示了荒诞,也表现了默尔索对荒诞的反抗,同时启发读者树立超越荒诞的意识。默尔索则是一个因法庭的荒谬而被扯入“荒诞”中的人,他本人并不荒诞。