我国土地整理的区域差异及对策

土地整理可以实现土地资源的合理配置以及优化利用,从而实现土地资源的效益,改善我国目前严峻的土地形势,因此,有效的开展土地整理工作,积极应对土地整理的区域差异问题十分重要。本文通过对土地整理的介绍,分析了我国目前土地整理工作中存在的问题,重点探讨了土地整理区域差异问题以及应该采取的措施。     

基于遥感的土地整理研究

本文以浙江省桐乡市龙翔街道为例,对基于遥感的土地整理进行了初步研究。实验利用研究区SPOT5影像,并结合航测更新调查结果,进行了土地整理区域精度监督、土地整理潜力分析以及土地整理区域优化选址的研究。研究结果表明,利用SPOT5影像对土地整理过的区域进行面积监测,精度可达95％以上,并且对土地整理潜力有较准确的分析。因此,将遥感技术应用于土地整理项目。有利于规范土地整理项目管理,建立土地整理项目优化机制,健全项目管理制度。     

区域土地整理综合效益测算——以徐州市贾汪区为例

土地整理效益评价是土地整理技术研究的一项基础工作。土地整理具有经济产出价值、生态服务价值及社会保障价值，针对这3种价值，本文分别提出3种测算方法即传统市场法、土地生态系统服务价值系数法、替代市场法。传统市场法即采用收益还原法；生态功能价值系数法是根据各地类生态服务价值系数，来测算土地整理实施的生态服务价值；而替代市场法则以土地作为农民社会保障的替代物，以用商业保险的方式计算一次性投保所需的资金作为土地整理社会保险的价值。本文以徐州市贾汪区为例，全面、科学地测算了区域土地整理带来的价值，研究表明：该区域自1999年以来，土地整理效益总价值达9.98×10⁸元，其中经济产出价值达5.57×10⁸元，社会保障价值达7.10×10⁸元，达到了增加有效耕地，改善经营生产条件的目的；然而生态服务价值却损失2.69×10⁸元，表明土地整理的生态风险防治还没有纳入土地整理的内容。本文所提出的方法可以很好地测算土地整理经济效益、社会效益、生态效益的经济价值，为综合评价土地整理效益并指导土地整理的实践活动提供依据。     

青海省循化县土地开发整理研究

青海省作为西部大开发的重要省份之一,地处高原,自然灾害频发,可利用土地资源极其有限,特殊的自然地理条件更进一步加剧了省内土地供需的矛盾。因此,如何更加有效地推进青海省的土地整理、提高土地利用率成为了当前亟需解决的问题。循化县位于青海省海东地区,作为黄河谷地百万亩土地开发整理项目的重要组成部分,是青海省土地整理的重点区域之一,随着各个土地整理项目在循化县如火如荼的开展,很多问题被凸显出来。因此,本文选取循化县为研究对象,对该地土地整理的现状、问题进行了调查研究。     

土地整理中生态环境影响评价的理论探讨

文章通过对土地整理中生态环境影响评价的探讨,提出在土地开发整理中进行生态环境影响评价的基本思路,引导土地整理向促进土地可持续利用方向发展。提出土地整理生态环境影响评价的内涵、评价原则、工作程序、指标体系和评价方法。     

土地整理项目规划研究

经济的快速发展,对土地资源的利用率增加,我国在二十世纪九十年代才开始综合性的土地整理工作,对耕地的保护及城市用地的合理化进行具体的规划,从而实现土地资源的合理利用,在土地整理项目规划中所主要对未来的土地开发、整理和复垦等方面进行统筹的安排和合理的规划。其中土地整理规划效益分析评价是土地整理规划的重要组成部分,同时对于促进新农村建设和城镇化建设都具有十分显著的效应。文中对土地整理项目规划指标的建立进行了分析,进一步对土地整理项目规划中效益分析评价的技术方法进行了阐述,并对土地整理项目规划的效益分析进行了说明。     

江苏省吴江市土地整理理论与实践研究

土地整理是对土地现状利用方式的调整和治理。本文从土地整理的内涵出发,对土地整理的理念依据及模式进行了初步研究。而后针对吴江市的土地整理实践,论述了其土地整理的程序、土地整理的实际运作模式,并展望了其土地整理的前景。     

浅析土地整理对环境的影响

由于土地整理项目需要借助一系列生物、工程措施对水、田、路、林、村进行综合整治,在此过程中不可避免地会对项目区及其背景区域的水资源水环境、土壤、植被、大气、生物等环境要素及其生态过程产生诸多直接或间接、有利或有害的影响。本文从这几个方面出发,浅析了土地整理对环境的影响。     

实施土地整理项目 提高综合生产能力

在我国经济快速发展的过程中,人们对于土地整理也有了更加深刻的认识,土地整理项目不仅能够提高耕地的质量,同时也可以有效的提高土地的使用效率,对于土地的进一步发展和利用也都有着非常重要的作用,因此如何做好土地整理项目的施工也是我们重点研究的内容。主要介绍了土地整理项目对于综合生产能力的影响,以供参考。     

小议土地整理可持续发展的影响因素与指标评价体系

土地整理是实现土地资源可持续利用的重要途径和手段,分析土地整理项目对土地利用的影响,建立合理的评价指标体系对土地整理的实践和发展具有重要现实意义。本文介绍了土地整理可持续性的影响因素,探讨了评价指标体系的构建原则。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence