关于实践教育学的若干思考

教育科学不提供指导实践的具体方法，而实践教育学并不完全是“非科学”的教育学；唯有借助于实践智慧这一中介，教育理论才能推动教育实践。追求寻觅实践智慧，这是实践教育学永不可摧的魂。     

Converting a Face-To-Face Introductory Research Methods Course to an Online Format: Pedagogical Issues and Technological Tools

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a step-by-step conversion of a face-to-face (F2F) entry level social work research methods course to a computer-mediated format. An overview of teaching practices and the important pedagogical foundations associated with this curricular effort are discussed followed by an introduction to the electronic platform utilized in the course. Five new teaching practices that guide the F2F-to-online course conversion of this introductory research methods course are presented with corresponding teaching activities and technological tools. A conversion matrix aligns the teaching practices, classroom activities, and provides references for the identified tools.     

Practical Considerations When Using Benchmarking for Accountability in Higher Education

The qualitative study on which this article is based examined key individuals’ perceptions, both within a research university community and beyond in its external governing board, of how to improve benchmarking as an accountability method in higher education. Differing understanding of benchmarking revealed practical implications for using it as an accountability tool. A change model is presented for enhancing the effectiveness of benchmarking in higher education communities.Sue D. Achtemeier received the B.A. in mathematics and computer science with High Honors and the M.S. in mathematics from Florida State University and the Ph.D. in Higher Education from the University of Georgia. She has held teaching positions in Illinois and Georgia and is now Assistant Director for Institutional Effectiveness for the University of Georgia with particular interest in accreditation and accountability. Ronald D. Simpson is Professor Emeritus of Higher Education and Science Education and Director Emeritus of the Office of Instructional Support and Development at the University of Georgia. He holds degrees in the biological sciences and in science education from the University of Tennessee and the University of Georgia and continues to teach and advise doctoral students in UGA’s Institute of Higher Education.     

我国加入WTO与建立政府采购制度的苦干思考

在我国即将加入世界贸易组织和社会主义市场经济体制逐步建立之时,建立我国规范的政府采购制度有着特殊的意义。但是,我国在建立政府采购制度方面,还存在着一些问题。所以,我们应该从大力组织和宣传有关政府采购方面的理论与知识;加快建立世界政府采购市场信息接受系统;规范政府采购办法等方面尽快建立我国规范的政府采购制度。这对我国加入世界贸易组织和建立社会主义市场经济体制必将起到积极的作用。     

Validity Considerations in Designing an Oral English Test

Speaking is the main purpose and most important skill for second language learning.This paper reviews the important validity considerations in designing a test,such as face validity,content validity,on the basis of which the author analyzes the oral test paper for the postgraduate entrance interview in Shaanxi University of Technology,thus putting forward some methods to improve the test paper.     

Validity Considerations in Designing an English Reading Test

Validity is one of the essential factors in evaluating test quality. In order to design a high-quality reading test paper, such aspects should be taken much more considerations as test specification, theoretical construct, test content and test tasks & item types.     

高职院校市场营销专业实践教学的思考

分析当前高职院校市场营销专业实践教学的现状及存在问题,对该专业的实践教学改革从“以能力适应市场为培养目标、实践方式多样化、合理的教学引导”三个方面提出建议。     

Introduction to Structural Equation Modeling: Issues and Practical Considerations

Structural equation modeling (SEM) is a versatile statistical modeling tool. Its estimation techniques, modeling capacities, and breadth of applications are expanding rapidly. This module introduces some common terminologies. General steps of SEM are discussed along with important considerations in each step. Simple examples are provided to illustrate some of the ideas for beginners. In addition, several popular specialized SEM software programs are briefly discussed with regard to their features and availability. The intent of this module is to focus on foundational issues to inform readers of the potentials as well as the limitations of SEM. Interested readers are encouraged to consult additional references for advanced model types and more application examples.     

A Description of What Happens When an Examinee Takes a Multiple-Choice Reading Comprehension Test

This study investigated the strategies a group of college students used to complete a portion of a standardized reading comprehension test. Twenty-six students were randomly assigned to either an introspective interview, in which the subjects explained to a researcher what they were doing and thinking as they read the test passages and answered the multiple-choice questions, or a retrospective interview, in which the students completed the test without interruption and then recounted for the researcher how they had gone about the task. Data analysis resulted in the identification of three broad categories of processing behavior: an overall approach to the test task, reading strategies, and test-taking strategies. In addition, difficulties encountered by the subjects were identified. Results indicate that the common element in each subject's approach to the test was a focus on getting to the questions as quickly as possible and then using the questions to direct a search of the passage to locate the best possible information to answer the questions. The implications of these results for better understanding the relationship between test-taking behavior and reading are discussed.     

Some Considerations for Recreation in a Changing Society

Achievement goal theory, as an attempt to explain the factors that influence motivated behavior, has received signiticant attention from youth sport researchers, sport psychologists, and educators since its proposal in 1980. This papr reviews the basic tenets of achievement goal theory and outlines potential problems through its usage in attempting lo understand student behavior and attitudes in physical education. Specifically, I argue this reductionist and decontextualized research treats the physical education student as a motivational problem, the teacher as the solution, and the social context of physical education and sport as nonproblematic. This positivist approach to knowledge construction may indirectly act to perpetuate inequitable power relations and dominant idenlogies found in physical education. Ironically, this could dissuade certain youth from participating in sport or physical education, the antithesis of the activity promotion objectives of many achievement goal theorists. I conclude by suggesting to enhance physical education practice, research should employ critical and reflective methods of knowing and continue to seek out student and teacher voices to help create responsive leaming environments for diverse student needs.     

Profiling as a Possible Management Aid: Some Considerations

A schoolwide language assists the mapping of subject content, supports teachers to discuss teaching and learning issues and enables a shared understanding of school leadership to emerge, so that student learning is improved. This article presents findings from a mixed methods study investigating Leadership for Learning (LfL) in independent schools in the state of New South Wales, Australia. By being intentional about the language used for learning and leadership, schools are more likely to establish LfL as a community-wide activity that is inclusive, collaborative and distributed. These findings also reinforce the critical role played by school principals in leading learning.     

零件图视图选择的思考

本文通过对零件图视图选择的思考,分析了零件的形状特征。从而得出选择零件视图的最佳表达方法。     

线性规划学习中须要注意的几个问题

"线性规划"是高中新版试验本的新增内容,笔者在教学中发现学生对整点解、最优整数解等问题,概念模糊、理解不透,解题过程中易产生错误,现对这些问题作些浅析.     

Some Practical Considerations on the Current Initiative towards Management Training for Heads and Senior Staff in Secondary Schools

In the past decade a growing number of industrialised nations have been concerned with school systems which have attained their goals of academic excellence. Within the research on education in less developed countries, environmental factors, particularly in‐school determinants of student achievement have not been fully explored. This paper examines classroom management and teaching practices as they impact on student achievement in a Caribbean setting. Characteristics of academically persistent environments and school effectiveness strategies are discussed.     

对中国教育改革面临问题的若干思考

我国当前对高等教育的过度投资已严重影响到初级教育的发展和巩固，只有改革我国的教育投资制度，把般资重点倾向于基础教育，才符合中国的国情，同时面对双重现代化的挑战，我们必须在高等教育中引入市场机制，才能在未来的科技竞争中占领一席之地。     

如何探讨实用英语语法

语言是社会交际的工具 ,是音义结合的词汇和语法的体系。语法是语言的组织规律 ,它赋予语言以结构系统。我国学生对学习英语语法常感到困难 ,不仅是由于汉语没有完全类似的表达形式 ,而且由于英语语法尽管有规律可循 ,例外却太多。有时 ,英语语法的运用仅仅是个习惯用法问题 ,很难用几项语法条文加以概括 ,因此必须从宏观的角度探讨学习英语语法应遵循的原则。     

A Nonparametric Approach for Assessing Goodness-of-Fit of IRT Models in a Mixed Format Test

Investigating the fit of a parametric model plays a vital role in validating an item response theory (IRT) model. An area that has received little attention is the assessment of multiple IRT models used in a mixed-format test. The present study extends the nonparametric approach, proposed by Douglas and Cohen (2001), to assess model fit of three IRT models (three- and two-parameter logistic model, and generalized partial credit model) used in a mixed-format test. The statistical properties of the proposed fit statistic were examined and compared to S-X² and PARSCALE’s G². Overall, RISE (Root Integrated Square Error) outperformed the other two fit statistics under the studied conditions in that the Type I error rate was not inflated and the power was acceptable. A further advantage of the nonparametric approach is that it provides a convenient graphical inspection of the misfit.