秋的气魄

提起秋,人们马上联想起红叶.然而,我不能不说,红叶和秋的本质其缘甚远. 从枫的红到银杏的黄,红叶有着各种各样的色彩.日语的“红叶”一词,有时泛指各种颜色的霜叶,直接来自这些色彩的感触和深沉专注的秋的感触,还有一段不小的距离呢.城市里也许不是这样,只要踏进乡间一步,山裾树林的红叶,田野稔熟的金黄的农作物,红彤彤照射着的日脚……当你一一抽出来单独静观的时候,就会发现,它们毋宁说是属于残暑的,不是真正的秋的领域.试想,如果将我们的居室住宅,涂满上述各种色彩中的一种,我们生活的心境定会变得坐立不安吧.这种不安和秋的无所倚凭的心境,完全是两码事.     

雪

暖国的雨,向来没有变过冰冷的坚硬的灿烂的雪花。博识的人们觉得他单调,他自己也以为不幸否耶?江南的雪,可是滋润美艳之至了;那是还在隐约着的青春的消息,是极壮健的处子的皮肤。雪野中有血红的宝珠山茶,白中隐青的单瓣梅花,深黄的磬口     

舒曼艺术歌曲的特点与演唱风格浅析

舒曼的艺术歌曲就如同浪漫主义时代的诗人的作品一样,富有诗意、幻想.从充满诗一般的意境、音乐与诗词的完美结合、丰富的钢琴伴奏表现力等方面分析了舒曼艺术歌曲的特点及演唱风格.     

雨前

最后的鸽群带着低弱的笛声在微风里画一个圈子后,也消失了.也许是误认这灰暗的凄冷的天空为夜色的来袭,或是预感到风雨的将至,遂过早地飞回它们温暖的木舍. 几天的阳光在柳条上撒下的一抹嫩绿,被尘土埋掩得有憔悴色了,是需要一次洗涤.还有干裂的大地和树根也早已期待着雨.雨却迟疑着. 我怀想着故乡的雷声和雨声.那隆隆的有力的搏击,从山谷返响到山谷,仿佛春之芽就从冻土里震动,惊醒,而怒茁出来.细草样柔的雨声又以温存之手抚摩它,使它簇生油绿的枝叶而开出红色的花.这些怀想如乡愁一样萦绕得使我忧郁了.我心里的气候也和这北方大陆一样缺少雨量,一滴温柔的泪在我枯涩的眼里,如迟疑在这阴沉的天空里的雨点,久不落下.     

天行健,君子以自强不息

真正的强者,不是流泪的人,而是含着泪奔跑的人。——题记立下一个美丽的心愿,为你的成功增添一份勇气和动力,为你的前行找到正确的方向,为你的生活布下一个合理的棋局。有了一个美好的愿望,就得付出相应的行动,向着自己的梦想奔跑。     

雪听

飘飘洒洒的雪漫天舞蹈的声音,一片一片的雪花落地时相互碰撞又层层叠叠覆盖着的声音,那些躺在雪的温暖怀抱中的麦苗,发出香甜的鼾声,蛰伏的蛇的呓语还有冰下的鱼无声地滑动的声音。一只鸽子飞过,翅翼上蹈的声     

谈构建完善的校园网络安全防范体系

从校园网自身的特点出发,分析了在Internet环境下,校园网络存在的安全隐患以及造成的危害;提出构建一个较为完善的网络安全防范体系的策略,包括:网络安全设备的配备、统一身份认证系统的建立、病毒防护体系的构建、安全管理制度的制定等.     

中学生校外活动的社会化倾向及引导

随着社会主义市场经济的建立、完善以及知识经济在我国的兴起、发展,使中学生的校外活动较以前发生了极大的变化,呈现出理想逐渐与实际靠近、定位比较明确、具有一定的社会意识、成人化社会行为开始出现等趋势.中学生校外活动出现的这些新趋势,应引起我们足够的重视,并应采取有效的措施加以引导.如加强中学生的角色意识教育;用教师的榜样示范作用来影响中学生的社会化;建立社会、家庭、学校三结合的管理体制;强化学生的成才意识;正确处理社会化与个性化的关系;加速培养学生校外活动的骨干力量等.     

农村学校弱势群体教育如何开展

农村学校中的"弱势群体",是指学习有困难的智障、残疾儿童和低收入家庭的子女以及流动人口的子女.由于所处的困难环境,这些家庭的子女都有严重的自卑心理.他们常常远离集体,不爱与他人交往,一旦受到外界歧视,就会产生挫败感.这一群体所面临的困难光靠他们自己是无法解决的,需要外力的帮助.首先是制度的支持,其次是政府、社会和教育界的共同协助.     

关于高等数学课堂教学优化的思考

衡量一所高校的教学质量的好坏,高等数学的教学质量是一个重要且具可比性的标尺.由于高等数学的地位与作用,高等数学课堂教学普遍为人们所重视.当然也存在不少的问题,如高等数学教学内容多与教学学时少的矛盾日益突出.高等数学课堂教学应如何改革,是摆在每一位教师面前的一项重要任务.当然改革应从教学计划、教学大纲、教学内容、教学方法、教学手段等诸方面进行,但在目前的情况下.从教学的某些方面进行改革是可行的也是必要的.有鉴于此,下面主要就如何优化高等数学课堂教学谈一些粗浅的认识.     

Supposer et postuler pour produire des connaissances scientifiques: une évidence ou une conquête théorique? Une étude des points de vue d'étudiants

Résumé De manière générale, l'évidence sensorielle et, plus particulièrement, visuelle constitue pour les étudiants le principal fondement du savoir scientifique: nul besoin de supposer pour connaître, tout est donné ou presque. Du point de vue de l'enseignement des sciences, cette croyance à saveur réaliste est particulièrement critique, notamment parce qu'elle conduit à penser que les concepts, lois et théories scientifiques procèdent d'un monde de matérialités plutôt que d'un monde de modèles et de relations. Au cours d'une recherche effectuée auprès d'un groupe-classe de 35 étudiants durant douze semaines, nous avons pu observer que, pour la majorité des étudiants, la compréhension du caractère construit et consensuel du savoir scientifique était facilitée par le développement d'une métaréflexion sur leurs propres productions de connaissance et les inévitables postulats et suppositions qui les fondent. Nous avons également pu observer qu'il découle de cette activité réflexive un modèle de science qui se distingue des modèles initialement tenus par les étudiants, par le pouvoir créateur et, surtout, le pouvoir de théoriser qu'il comporte: postuler, supposer, jauger collectivement de la plausibilité des résultats plutôt qu'en appeler à une instance occulte, voilà quelques-unes des conquêtes théoriques qu'ils ont effectuées et sur lesquelles nous allons nous attarder.

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Sensorial, and more specifically, visual evidence is generally regarded by students as the basis for scientific knowledge: no need to postulate to understand, all is almost or practically given. From a science-teaching standpoint, this rather realistic approach is critical and leads to the belief that scientific concepts, laws, and theories stem from a world of materiality rather than from a world of models and relationships. During a 12-week study a group of 35 college students, we observed that for the majority of them, the development of metareflection on how they produce knowledge, with the inevitable and inherent postulates and conjecture, facilitated their understanding of the constructed and consensual character of scientific knowledge. We also observed that this reflexive activity facilitated the development of a new approach to science that differed from those models previously used by the students in its creative potential and, more importantly, in the power of its theoretics: to postulate, suppose, and collectively estimate the plausibility of results rather than calling up occult instances. These and other theoretical achievements will be discussed in this paper.

     

Retooling Education: Testing and the Liberal Arts

The motivation and methodology for measuring intelligence have changed repeatedly in the modern history of large-scale student testing. Test makers have always sought to identify raw aptitude for cultivation, but they have never figured out how to promote excellence while preserving equality. They’ve settled for egalitarianism, which gives rise to “culturally fair” tests that substitute vagaries for knowledge, deprive students of any real appreciation for language, and trivialize education. Robert Jackson yearns for traditional oratorical approaches to schooling that venerate and imitate essential, time-tested masters. Unfortunately, he writes, such an education defies measurement with today’s multiple-choice instruments.

A Longitudinal Analysis of the Relations Among Professional Development,Educators’ Beliefs and Perceived Skills,and Response-to-Intervention Implementation

ABSTRACT

Professional development is a critical systems-level intervention thought to facilitate Response-to-Intervention (RtI) implementation. The current study examined the relations between professional development, educator outcomes, and problem-solving implementation within an RtI framework using growth curve modeling. School leadership teams from pilot schools (n = 34) participated in 3 years of training. Pilot schools also received job-embedded coaching. Comparison schools (n = 27) provided a referent group. Results indicated that problem-solving implementation increased faster at pilot schools (β = 0.10, SE = 0.05, t = 2.03, p < .05). In addition, beliefs regarding data-based decision-making (β = 0.36, SE = 0.17, t = 2.13, p < .05) and perceived problem-solving skills applied to academics (β = 0.30, SE = 0.10, t = 3.07, p < .01) positively related to implementation. Implications include the needs to further explore professional development activities and for consultants to utilize evidence-based professional development principles when supporting RtI implementation.     

A validated instrument measuring students' perceptions on plastinated and three-dimensional printed anatomy tools

Due to the modernization of the medical curriculum and technological advancements, anatomy education has evolved beyond cadaveric dissection alone. Plastination techniques, three-dimensional (3D) modeling, and 3D printing technologies have progressively gained importance. However, there are limited valid and reliable surveys to evaluate students' perceptions of these new anatomy tools. Hence, this study aimed to develop a validated instrument to measure students' learning satisfaction, self-efficacy, humanistic values, and perceived limitations of plastinated and 3D printed models. A 41-item survey (five-point Likert scale, 1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree) was administered to Year 1 undergraduate medical students following a randomized controlled crossover study that evaluated plastinated and 3D printed cardiac and neck models. Ninety-six responses were received, and a factor analysis was performed with the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin sampling adequacy of 0.878. The confirmatory factor analysis yielded a 4-factor, 19 items model that had a good fit with the latent constructs of $x$² (147) = 211.568, P < 0.001, root mean square error of approximation = 0.068, root mean square residual = 0.064, comparative fit index = 0.946, and Tucker Lewis index = 0.937. The Cronbach's alpha for the individual factors ranged from 0.74 to 0.95, indicating good internal consistency. This demonstrated a psychometrically valid and reliable instrument to measure students' perceptions toward plastinated and 3D printed models.     

“Street Love”: How Street Life Oriented U. S. Born African Men Frame Giving Back to One Another and the Local Community

This Participatory Action Research (PAR) project worked with four active street life oriented U. S. Born African men, to document how a community sample of street life oriented U. S. Born African men between the ages of 16–65, frame and use “street life” as a Site of Resiliency (Payne, Dissertation, 2005; Journal of Black Psychology 34(1):3–31, 2008). Qualitative data was collected in the form of 20 individual and two group interviews. These data reveal an inter-generational, conceptualization and use, of the term “street love” in street life oriented U. S. born African men. Also, these data reveal that notions of “street love” extend out a critique of community professionals (e.g., community researchers/interventionists, social workers, etc.) as being unable and unwilling to produce “real help” in the local community. Examples of street love, revealed in the study, include the men offering advice/counsel, money or “free turkeys” during Thanksgiving to one another as well as other members of the local community. Results support Payne’s (2005) three-dimension conceptualization of “street love”: (1) individual, (2) group and (3) communal level expressions of “street love”.

Phase diagram estimation of the Al2O3-SiO2-Re2O3 systems

Nine limiting binaries of Al₂O₃-SiO₂-Re₂O₃(Re=Nd, Sm, Gd and La) system are assessed. The binary diagrams or experimental information from Toropov, Mizuno, Aramaki, Bondar, Rolin and Coutures are optimized with the substitutional model of Kaufman and Nesor and the approximate formula of fusion free energy for rare earth element oxides of Wu and Pelton. The extracted Gibbs free energies of pure solid oxides and stoichiometric phases and the solution parameters are used to estimate the corresponding binaries, liquidus surfaces and a series of isothermal sections of four ternaries Al₂O₃-SiO₂-Nd₂O₃, Al₂O₃-SiO₂-Sm₂O₃, Al₂O₃-SiO₂-Gd₂O₃, and Al₂O₃-SiO₂-La₂O₃. In the Al₂O₃-SiO₂-Gd₂O₃ system samples as fired at exact temperature with different compositions were analyzed by X-ray diffractometer and the detected results are fitted with the calculation of isothermal sections. Supported by State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Micro-structure (9517 and 9708)     

Childhood disclosure of sexual abuse: Necessary but not necessarily sufficient

Prevention programs often encourage sexually abused children to disclose without fully considering the potential for adverse consequences. This study examined the impact of disclosure on abuse cessation and later adult symptomatology. A clinical sample of 301 adult survivors completed the Impact of Event Scale (IES/IES-R), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Participants were divided into 3 groups: Nondisclosure (n = 221), Disclosure/Abuse Ended (n = 25), and Disclosure/Abuse Continued (n = 55). Multivariate analyses of covariance, adjusting for abuse characteristics (age of onset, penetration, and number of perpetrators) and other trauma exposure, revealed significant differences in psychiatric symptom severity among the three groups, Wilks’ λ = 0. 95, F (6, 584) = 2.69, p = 0.014, η_p² = 0.03. Specifically, those in the Disclosure/Abuse Continued group scored significantly higher on the IES/IES-R Intrusion subscale (p = 0.04) and the BDI-II (p = 0.01), as compared to the Nondisclosure group. The Disclosure/Abuse Ended group did not differ significantly from the other groups. Results suggest that disclosure may be detrimental unless adequate steps are taken to ensure abuse cessation and appropriate treatment.