Challenges of Conducting Problem-Based Learning in a Large Class

One major challenge of developing problem-based learning (PBL) curricula in medical schools in China is to meet the requirements of sufficient qualified PBL tutors. Since 2011, we have developed a modified group teaching approach where an experienced faculty tutor facilitates several small PBL student groups in a large class. Although our study indicates that it was effective for student's learning, we note that several challenges still exist.     

PBL教学法促进生物课堂教学有效性的思考

在全面推行素质教育的今天,如何提高生物课堂的教学有效性是一个重要课题。生物科学本身就是一门实验科学,对学生实际解决问题能力的培养是素质教育的核心。PBL教学法是以问题为基础的学习,是一种以学生发展为主,实现全人发展的新型教学模式,已被生物学科教育领域广泛接受和研究。本文就PBL教学法促进生物课堂有效性方面做出几点思考。     

研究性学习与学生思维能力的培养

如何在教学中培养学生思维能力的问题已引起我国教育界的普遍重视,不少学者从不同维度对如何在教学中发展学生的思维能力进行了许多有价值的探讨。研究性学习是经过多年的教学实践探索出的一种新的学习方式,学生在自由开放的情景中主动探究,其对于培养学生形成较强的思维能力具有重要的理论及实践意义。     

Activity and Interaction of Students in an Electronic Learning Environment for Problem-Based Learning

This paper contains the results of an experimental study in which students used a collaborative learning tool in the time between regular meetings of a tutorial group in problem-based learning. The analysis of the learning situation for which this tool was developed, as well as the evaluation of the experiment, is based on a model of collaborative learning that covers three sections. The first is the learning environment that mediates the second section learning behaviour and the third section learning mechanisms . From the perspective of the stimulation of productivity in collaborative learning, the relation between characteristics of the problem task (learning environment) and interactions (learning behavior) was explored. In problem-based learning students formulate learning issues after a brainstorm discussion in the group. Students formulate theoretical and practical learning issues. Two research questions are presented in this study: What types of learning issues generate most interactions? and What types of learning issues generate the highest level of information processing? The first question is concerned with an analysis of the number of interactions and the second with the quality of these interactions. Practical learning issues generated more interactions, as well as a higher level of information processing. These results are discussed in the context of social factors in learning.     

走产学结合之路 培养应用型人才

金工实习工厂只有走产学相结合的道路,抓好职工队伍的建设,改进教学方法,才能培养出应用型人才。     

网络环境下问题解决学习的课堂教学设计的实践研究

随着信息技术的发展,网络为教育带来了新的生机与活力。问题解决学习模式(PBL)是一种与建构主义学习理论及其教学原则非常吻合的教学模式。但在目前的教育实践中,网络环境下的问题解决学习模式还很少得到具体的实践研究。我们采取个案研究的方法,进行了网络环境下问题解决学习的课堂教学设计的实践研究,旨在探索出在网络环境下PBL与地理教学的可操作性强的整合模式。     

论合作学习对课堂生态的改善

课堂生态系统是在一定时间内由教室中师生与其环境之间相互影响、相互作用构成的基本系统,合作学习作为一种崭新的教学策略,它以异质学习小组为本形式,强调课堂上师生之间和生生之间的多维互动,可以改善课堂生态的结构,强化其育人的基本功能,更好的完成其育人作用.本文即从这两个方面进行了论述.     

Problem-Based Learning Meets Case-Based Reasoning in the Middle-School Science Classroom: Putting Learning by Design(tm) Into Practice

This article tells the story of the design of Learning by Design(tm) (LBD), a project-based inquiry approach to science learning with roots in case-based reasoning and problem-based learning, pointing out the theoretical contributions of both, classroom issues that arose upon piloting a first attempt, ways we addressed those challenges, lessons learned about promoting learning taking a project-based inquiry approach, and lessons learned about taking a theory-based approach to designing learning environments. LBD uses what we know about cognition to fashion a learning environment appropriate to deeply learning science concepts and skills and their applicability, in parallel with learning cognitive, social, learning, and communication skills. Our goal, in designing LBD, was to lay the foundation in middle school for students to be successful thinkers, learners, and decisionmakers throughout their lives and especially to help them begin to learn the science they need to know to thrive in the modern world. LBD has students learn science in the context of achieving design-and-build challenges. Included in LBD's framework is a set of ritualized and sequenced activities that help teachers and students acclimate to the culture of a highly collaborative, learner-centered, inquiry-oriented, and design-based classroom. Those ritualized activities help teachers and students learn the practices of scientists, engineers, and group members in ways that they can use outside the classroom. LBD is carefully crafted to promote deep and lasting learning, but we have learned that careful crafting is not enough for success in putting a collaborative inquiry approach into practice. Also essential are fostering a collaborative classroom culture in which students want to be engaged in deep learning and where the teacher sees herself as both a learner and a facilitator of learning, trusts that with her help the students can learn, and enthusiastically assumes the roles she needs to take on.     

巧用教学技艺,促进课堂成效

技术加生态有力,双语加节奏有味,理论加诀窍有效。巧用现代教学技艺,与传统的教学方法相结合,可以丰富教学策略,优化教学环节,提高学生的学习兴趣,最终实现提升数学教学效果的目的。结合相关案例,笔者对相关观点进行了论证。     

Concept Development and Meaningful Learning Among Electrical Engineering Students Engaged in a Problem-Based Laboratory Experience

This phenomenographic study documented changes in student-held electrical concepts the development of meaningful learning among students with both low and high prior knowledge within a problem-based learning (PBL) undergraduate electrical engineering course. This paper reports on four subjects: two with high prior knowledge and two with low prior knowledge. Subjects were interviewed at the beginning and end of the course to document their understanding of basic electrical concepts. During the term, they were videotaped while solving problems in lab. Concept maps were generated to represent how subjects verbally connected concepts during problem-solving. Significant to PBL research, each subject’s body of meaningful learning changed with each new problem, according to how the subject idiosyncratically interpreted the activity. Prior knowledge among the four subjects was a predictor of final knowledge, but not of problem-solving success. Differences in success seemed related more to mathematical ability and habits of mind. The study concluded that, depending on context, meaningful learning and habits of mind may contribute significantly to problem-solving success. The article presents a testable model of learning in PBL for further research.     

课堂教学质量学生评价体系的改进

本文分析了影响课堂教学质量评价体系的诸多因素,在此基础上对旧的评价体系进行改进,提出了一套新的评价体系.分析和实践表明新的评价体系更加科学合理,评价结果更加客观和准确.     

PBL教学在培养口腔医学专科生全科思维中的应用

随着社会经济的发展,人民生活质量明显提高,对医疗服务质量有了更高的要求,特别是对口腔医学。由于口腔疾病发病率高,波及范围广,为满足社会对口腔医生日益增加的需求量,医学院校口腔专业招生规模不断扩大,由此涌现出一大批口腔专科毕业生。鉴于此,文章简要介绍了PBL教学在口腔医学专科生临床教育中的应用,重点强调口腔全科思维的培养。     

Using Creative Problem-Solving Methods to Include Students With Severe Disabilities in General Education Classroom Activities

Increasingly, students with intensive educational needs are receiving special education services in general education classes. This level of heterogeneous grouping poses curricular and instructional adaptation challenges. Variations of the Osborn-Parnes Creative Problem-Solving process are presented as methods for meeting the educational needs of diverse groups of students within general education activities. Specific examples are provided based on field testing in elementary schools. An evaluation component and future implications are discussed.     

浅谈小学生英语课堂中的合作学习

长期以来,由于小学班级学生人数较多,以集体授课为主的班级授课制成为英语课堂教学的组织形式.其单一的教学组织形式束缚着学生英语实践活动的全面发展,制约着学生英语运用能力的提高.小学英语教学中普遍存在着教师讲的多,学生练的少、费时多,收效慢等现象.同时由于缺乏人际交流,不少学生失去了学习英语的兴趣.在这种情况下,小学英语教学需要引进能面向全体学生的、有利于学生语言实践活动全面开展的学习方式--合作学习.     

提高学生英语听、说交际能力的若干思考

在大学英语教学中,听、说能力的培养较之读、写能力而言没有得到同步的发展人众多英语教师、专家也尝试过用各种办法来提高;听、说能力。其中英语课堂教学中的课堂提问是一种提高学生听、说交际能力的有效途径。     

浅谈高职学生学习能力培养的途径

高职学生由于在中学阶段没有养成良好的学习习惯,没有掌握正确的学习方法,所以入学成绩偏低,在高职阶段学习也存在一定的困难。为了使高职学生能够很好地完成学业,并在毕业后具有继续学习的能力,必须重视高职学生学习能力的培养,使其养成良好的学习习惯,掌握一定的学习方法,这样才能在知识更新周期极短的时代,保持良好的学习状态,跟上科技发展和技术更新的步伐。高职学生学习能力可采取多种途径加强培养。     

关注学生学习状态提高物理课堂教学效果

影响课堂教学效果的因素有多方面,不仅与教师(个人修养及业务能力)、学生(学习目标及学习状态)有关,还与教学因素(目标的确定、教法及过程的优化等)有关.在课堂教学中,我们总会发现学生存在这样的现象:心不在焉、打瞌睡、做小动作(玩笔、抠指甲)、讲话等,所有的这些因素都将使课堂教学的效果大打折扣,其主要原因是学习状态有问题.     

聋校课堂主体性教学研究——互动式学习活动的实施策略

主体性教学是培养、发展每一个学生的自主性、合作性、创造性并在课堂教学中进行的一种师生多向互动的、学生主动参与的教学过程.     

引导大学生重视课堂学习的探索

课堂学习仍是现阶段大学生获取知识的重要途径,是高校育人的重要组成部分。随着社会的不断进步及多元化文化的冲击,出现了大学生不重视课堂学习的现象,这直接影响到学生知识水平和综合素质的提升,以及高校的育人环境,同时对教师的教学积极性也有不同程度的挫伤。文章旨在通过对现阶段大学生不重视课堂学习的原因进行剖析,探索出能够合理引导大学生回归课堂学习的途径,进而提高学生参与课堂学习的积极性。这既有助于提升学生课堂学习的效果,同时也有助于建立更为和谐的师生关系。     

创设和谐开放的语文课堂氛围

新课程改革要求教师把课堂交给学生,教师要善于开发学生的多元智能,提高自身的课堂语言艺术,创设生活化的学习情境,让学生在和谐开放的课堂氛围中学习语文,充分调动学生学习的积极性。