黑龙江中医药大学名老中医特藏文献资源的建设

抢救、整理与保护名老中医从医经验的特藏文献资源是图书馆特藏文献资源建设的重要工作之一,是我国 非物质文化遗产中医药保护的代表性项目。本文以特藏文献资源文献建设为标准,通过本校名老中医的学术思想、临 床经验、方药使用等特点,进行有针对性的收集、整理,形成特藏文献,建立数据库,使名老中医从医经验的特藏文 献能够完整保存,丰富了图书馆馆藏资源和完善特色的服务体系。     

The Literature, Arts, and Medicine Database from the New York University School of Medicine

The Literature, Arts, and Medicine Database is a unique database created and maintained by the New York University School of Medicine, freely available to all on the Web. Focusing on the medical humanities, it provides annotations to over 2,000 works of art such as paintings, poetry, prose, plays, and film. The annotations are written by an eclectic group of scholars that includes physicians, scientists, poets, historians, and critics.     

医药、卫生文献归类问题探讨

从医药、卫生新兴学科文献归类问题、类目的设置问题、类目的注释问题、多学科交叉文献归类问题等几方面进行研究探讨,提出相应的建议及解决办法,力求科学准确归类。     

Simple analysis of Arabic subject-indexing practice

Raises issues relating to Arabic subject-indexing based on an analysis of headings linked to a sample of 300 bibliographic records. Finds that, even in rapidly developing disciplines like IT, the high incidence of candidated new headings and of heading combinations may be influenced more by increased exposure during copy cataloguing to LCSH practice than by any acute need. Concludes that any real challenge to the usefulness to existing tools like El-Khazindar’s list of Arabic subject headings, published in 1994, will only come when libraries attempt to apply them systematically to all materials, Arabic and non-Arabic alike.     

Arabic texts analysis for topic modeling evaluation

Significant progress has been made in information retrieval covering text semantic indexing and multilingual analysis. However, developments in Arabic information retrieval did not follow the extraordinary growth of Arabic usage in the Web during the ten last years. In the tasks relating to semantic analysis, it is preferable to directly deal with texts in their original language. Studies on topic models, which provide a good way to automatically deal with semantic embedded in texts, are not complete enough to assess the effectiveness of the approach on Arabic texts. This paper investigates several text stemming methods for Arabic topic modeling. A new lemma-based stemmer is described and applied to newspaper articles. The Latent Dirichlet Allocation model is used to extract latent topics from three Arabic real-world corpora. For supervised classification in the topics space, experiments show an improvement when comparing to classification in the full words space or with root-based stemming approach. In addition, topic modeling with lemma-based stemming allows us to discover interesting subjects in the press articles published during the 2007–2009 period.     

Effect of OCR error correction on Arabic retrieval

Arabic documents that are available only in print continue to be ubiquitous and they can be scanned and subsequently OCR’ed to ease their retrieval. This paper explores the effect of context-based OCR correction on the effectiveness of retrieving Arabic OCR documents using different index terms. Different OCR correction techniques based on language modeling with different correction abilities were tested on real OCR and synthetic OCR degradation. Results show that the reduction of word error rates needs to pass a certain limit to get a noticeable effect on retrieval. If only moderate error reduction is available, then using short character n-gram for retrieval without error correction is not a bad strategy. Word-based correction in conjunction with language modeling had a statistically significant impact on retrieval even for character 3-grams, which are known to be among the best index terms for OCR degraded Arabic text. Further, using a sufficiently large language model for correction can minimize the need for morphologically sensitive error correction.

中英文科技期刊中阿拉伯数字用法的差异

对科技期刊中英文文章里阿拉伯数字的使用原则作了比较。在大多数情况下中英文都倾向于使用阿拉伯数字,只有计数(非计量)单位前的数字而且数字较少时,中文倾向于使用数字而英文倾向使用文字。     

Lawyers in Literature

No abstract available for this article.     

Women in Literature

This study analyzes the Library of Congress (LC) class numbers and the LC subject headings which LC has assigned to 164 works of history and criticism of literature (belles lettres) related to women's studies. These books were classed in more than one hundred different class numbers and spans of numbers. Less than half of these books were assigned to class numbers in PA-PT whose captions contain either the word "women" or another word which points to women's studies, but slightly more than half were assigned "literature" subject headings which contain the words "women," "feminism," "feminist," or "sex role." The subject heading "Women in literature" was assigned to forty of these books, while the words "women authors" appear in a series of different subject headings assigned to forty-five of these books.     

Arabic literature: Uniterm indexing system for storage and retrieval

As centers of research and study in colleges and universities, Chinese academic libraries are heavily used and play a significant role in higher education. However, the level of administration can affect service to patrons and have an impact on their development. In this paper, the characteristics of administration in Chinese academic libraries are examined from both a historical perspective and current practice. The problems arising from the centralization of authority and administrative structure are also examined. Some possible suggestions are made of ways to improve library services in areas such as the quality of leadership, the creation of new positions, the increased responsibility of assistant directors, the re-organization of work distribution, the establishment of reference services, the development of faculty and staff participation in committee work, the importance of a library liaison program and the importance of designing a strategic plan for the library.     

Middle East information literacy awareness and indigenous Arabic content challenges

This article reports on researching “Middle East: Information Literacy awareness and indigenous Arabic World Wide Web content challenges”. The research reported upon was conducted in preparation for a training presentation which was delivered as a part of the UNESCO “Training the Trainers” (TTT) in Information Literacy workshop project that was held November 6–8, 2008 at the Bibliotheca Alexandrina in Alexandria, Egypt. Although the concept of Information Literacy is relatively new worldwide, by now it is fairly well understood, practiced and pedagogically supported in the developed world. But, it is still quite a mystery for developing countries, especially in the Middle East and North Africa regions. Therefore, the presentation the authors were invited to deliver at the workshop aimed at creating a much needed broader awareness concerning the concept of Information Literacy, including the somewhat differing definitions which are used in various world regions and cultures, and the concept’s relevance to the advancement of knowledge, research, and the general level of education in the Arabic speaking world. Special attention was paid to these problems in the context of challenges faced by higher education institutions in the Middle East and North Africa regions.The authors discovered that the problem of the scarcity of indigenous Arabic content materials on the World Wide Web is inextricably related to the challenges of increasing the awareness of Middle East and North Africa audiences to the relevance of Information Literacy. The authors endeavor to explain in detail what this inter-relationship is, and why and how the increase of Arabic materials on the Web could then lead to an increase in the awareness of Information Literacy in those Arabic speaking regions.The workshop presentation aimed at explaining and promoting Information Literacy skills, not only to students and researchers, but also to future Information Literacy trainers (the participants at the UNESCO workshop). The language barrier, the Digital Divide, and the lack of adequate Arabic digital content/resources relating to Information Literacy, were all reviewed with the workshop participants, illustrated by real world case examples, and discussed, in an effort to simultaneously try to work toward a consensus approach to teaching and learning the IL concept, and at the same time create a heightened Information Literacy awareness. Rather than simply amplify in detail the technical contents of the workshop presentations the authors made in this article, and with the encouragement of the Review’s editor and guest editor, the authors decided to “tell their story” in anecdotal fashion, sharing with the workshop participants tales of the many challenges they faced in just preparing materials for their presentations – and covering both the presentation format and the presentation content aspects, including explaining why they selected a specific teaching and learning approach, and how they dealt with various delivery and implementation challenges. By so doing, readers faced with similar teaching challenges might be better prepared to respond to the many challenges, both in the context of the preparations they will be required to make as well as in the context of their actual content delivery at their workshops.     

科技期刊中数字“1”和“一”及“2”和“两”“二”的用法

使用阿拉伯数字具有如一优点:1)它是世界通用的数字,科技书刊中使用它便于国际交流;2)科技工作者整天与数字打交道,对于阿拉伯数字的视觉反应最为敏感;3)笔画简单,组数简短,便于计算机录入.     

考文献而爱旧邦——近代文献展览会推进地方文献建设述略

19世纪30年代召开的几次近代文献展览会,以征集、展示各种地方文献为主,其目的在于传承地方学术传统,反映区域文化特色,凝聚民族的自信心。从各种史料中考察展览会征集文献的成就,包括：陈列地方文献的做法与效果,整理地方文献的方法与展览会在建设地方文献方面的深远影响。     

文学巨匠们的浦江履痕

<正>在我国现代文学史上,老舍、茅盾、巴金、徐志摩、林语堂的名字都很醒目。他们当中,有的曾长住黄浦江畔,主编多种著名刊物,积极从事文化活动;有的曾屡次来到申城,在这里写下名作,度过一些难忘的岁月;有的未曾久待上海,却与它有着很深的缘,并藉此登上文坛。追寻这些文化名人在沪的足迹,实际也是对我们这座城市文化底蕴的一种审视。老舍:在《小说月报》发表成名作1924年7月,老舍初次来到上海,稍作停留就从杨树浦码头乘轮船前往英国,担任伦敦大学东方