Entrez与PubMed检索技巧

Entrez科学文献检索体系是美国国家生物技术信息中心通过互联网为全世界提供的生物医学及相关领域的文献检索平台。本文以其核心数据库PubMed及相连数据库为对象,多方位重点介绍了检索技能,并配以示例,以利读者实践掌握。     

基于PubMed开展学科服务的探索

文章围绕PubMed系统的特色功能、相关工具与资源,探索依托PubMed开展的学科资源建设、学科领域进展跟踪、学科研究概况与热点分析、学科馆员自身素质提升、用户信息素质教育等学科服务项目,阐述其在学科服务中的作用与意义。在此基础上结合基于PubMed开展学科服务的实践,概述促进学科服务有效开展的几个措施:注重学科馆员自身素质的提升、加强与学科用户之间的沟通、构建不同层次的用户信息素质培训。     

Searching for the evidence using PubMed

This article discusses practical methods of searching for the evidence using PubMed. Four searching techniques are included: Simple Limit, Preview/Index, Clinical Queries, and the MeSH Browser. Search strings based on the University of Rochester's Clinical Filters are provided.     

PubMed的个性化服务初探

简单回顾了PubMed个性化服务的发展过程，详细介绍了PubMed个性化服务的各项功能，包括My NCBI、图书馆馆藏信息服务和RSS服务。     

Spelling correction in the PubMed search engine

It is known that users of internet search engines often enter queries with misspellings in one or more search terms. Several web search engines make suggestions for correcting misspelled words, but the methods used are proprietary and unpublished to our knowledge. Here we describe the methodology we have developed to perform spelling correction for the PubMed search engine. Our approach is based on the noisy channel model for spelling correction and makes use of statistics harvested from user logs to estimate the probabilities of different types of edits that lead to misspellings. The unique problems encountered in correcting search engine queries are discussed and our solutions are outlined.     

Evaluation of query expansion using MeSH in PubMed

This paper investigates the effectiveness of using MeSH^® in PubMed through its automatic query expansion process: Automatic Term Mapping (ATM). We run Boolean searches based on a collection of 55 topics and about 160,000 MEDLINE^® citations used in the 2006 and 2007 TREC Genomics Tracks. For each topic, we first automatically construct a query by selecting keywords from the question. Next, each query is expanded by ATM, which assigns different search tags to terms in the query. Three search tags: [MeSH Terms], [Text Words], and [All Fields] are chosen to be studied after expansion because they all make use of the MeSH field of indexed MEDLINE citations. Furthermore, we characterize the two different mechanisms by which the MeSH field is used. Retrieval results using MeSH after expansion are compared to those solely based on the words in MEDLINE title and abstracts. The aggregate retrieval performance is assessed using both F-measure and mean rank precision. Experimental results suggest that query expansion using MeSH in PubMed can generally improve retrieval performance, but the improvement may not affect end PubMed users in realistic situations.     

Gaps in affiliation indexing in Scopus and PubMed

Objective

The authors sought to determine whether unexpected gaps existed in Scopus''s author affiliation indexing of publications written by the University of Nebraska Medical Center or Nebraska Medicine (UNMC/NM) authors during 2014.

Methods

First, we compared Scopus affiliation identifier search results to PubMed affiliation keyword search results. Then, we searched Scopus using affiliation keywords (UNMC, etc.) and compared the results to PubMed affiliation keyword and Scopus affiliation identifier searches.

Results

We found that Scopus''s records for approximately 7% of UNMC/NM authors'' publications lacked appropriate UNMC/NM author affiliation identifiers, and many journals'' publishers were supplying incomplete author affiliation information to PubMed.

Conclusions

Institutions relying on Scopus to track their impact should determine whether Scopus''s affiliation identifiers will, in fact, identify all articles published by their authors and investigators.     

Google Scholar与PubMed搜索比较

Google Scholar是综合性的搜索引擎,PubMed是专业性的搜索数据库,两个系统的共同点是都能搜索学术文章,但由于两者拥有不相同的搜索数据及搜索方式的极不相同,返回的结果往往不同。通过对Google Scholar和PubMed做各种不同的搜索试验,对搜索结果进行比较和对比,得出两个系统之间的不同之处,发现造成这些不同的原因,以更清晰地了解Google Scholar和PubMed各自的搜索能力。     

Modeling actions of PubMed users with n-gram language models

Transaction logs from online search engines are valuable for two reasons: First, they provide insight into human information-seeking behavior. Second, log data can be used to train user models, which can then be applied to improve retrieval systems. This article presents a study of logs from PubMed^®, the public gateway to the MEDLINE^® database of bibliographic records from the medical and biomedical primary literature. Unlike most previous studies on general Web search, our work examines user activities with a highly-specialized search engine. We encode user actions as string sequences and model these sequences using n-gram language models. The models are evaluated in terms of perplexity and in a sequence prediction task. They help us better understand how PubMed users search for information and provide an enabler for improving users’ search experience.     

Increasing state public health professionals' proficiency in using PubMed

Objective: The paper provides an overview of a strategy to increase utilization of online bibliographic databases by public health workers.Methods: A web-based survey of professional staff in the Montana Department of Public Health and Human Services was conducted to assess their use of and interest in training in online bibliographic databases. Based on the findings from the assessment, the department, in collaboration with the state university, provided brief ninety-minute training sessions for interested staff on the use of PubMed.Results: Seventy of 115 (61%) of staff completed the survey. Only 39% of staff reported using an online bibliographic database to conduct a literature search in the past year, and only 10% (n=7) reported having ever received any training in their use. Perceived proficiency with the use of PubMed was higher upon completion of the brief training. The majority of training participants (n=27) indicated that they were very likely to use PubMed in the next year to search the literature.Conclusions: A collaboratively designed training can increase public health workers'' proficiency in and intentions of using online bibliographic databases.

Highlights

• A web-based assessment of Montana public health workers identified a lack of training in and use of online bibliographic databases and an interest in receiving training in their use.
• Brief training in the use of online bibliographic databases increased state public health workers'' self-assessed proficiency in and intentions of using these resources.

Implications

• Low-cost strategies, such as inexpensive web-survey tools, to assess staff needs and brief training sessions for public health workers were effective in increasing public health workers'' self-assessed proficiency in using online bibliographic databases.
• Collaboration between state health departments and universities to design and provide relevant training in the use of online bibliographic databases is an effective approach to addressing public health workers'' skills in using these resources.

     

PubMed免费MEDLINE检索功能和使用方法

针对网上医学文献检索中的实际问题，介绍了美国国家医学图书馆生物技术中心开发的PubMed网站更新的免费MEDLINE检索功能和使用方法。     

PubMed enhancements: fulfilling the promise of a great product

There have been many recent changes to PubMed to enhance its usefulness. Those changes include: LinkOut Libraries (local holding field), PubMed Central (full-text articles archived by the National Library of Medicine), and LinkOut (access to full-text articles right from the PubMed citation). Medical librarians should be aware of how these features work to best assist their clients. These new features offer the possibility of true desktop access for library patrons. Not only will patrons appreciate these new features, but their use in libraries will literally change what we do, who does it, and how it is done.     

Teaching PubMed in Cyberspace: The Development of a Self-Learning Package

ABSTRACT

This article discusses the development of a series of online modules for learning the PubMed version of MEDLINE. Funded by a National Library of Medicine grant and targeted initially to physician assistants practicing in New Hampshire, the project is approved for CE credit nationally by the American Association of Physician Assistants. The development of the project is described, the tutorial modules are reviewed, and issues encountered with technology and human factors are discussed and evaluated.     

PubMed与Embase.com检索效果对比分析

目的：对比分析Embase.com和PubMed的检索结果,为科研人员推荐最适合的检索工具和提高检索效率。方法：选取8个不同学科的检索词,在PubMed和Embase.com中分别采用主题词检索和带有自动转换功能的基本检索两种途径检索。结果：8个检索词在检索中出现6种不同情况。结论：通过主题词检索,总体来说Embase.com检全率要高于PubMed;带有自动转换功能的基本检索,两个数据库都会出现错误转换,但从转换的原理上看,PubMed的查准率更高。     

PubMed Instruction for Medical Students: Searching for a Better Way

In 2007, Duke University Medical Center Library instituted an interactive, online PubMed tutorial and quiz for medical students to replace an in-person lecture. This article describes the events leading to this educational paradigm shift and how the tutorial was implemented. Important concerns in the switch to an online approach to PubMed training were student satisfaction and the extent to which searching skills would improve. To determine the effectiveness of the online model, two years of student quizzes and evaluations were examined. Results indicate that students benefit from and appreciate the interactive tutorial.