固体超强酸WO3／ZrO2催化合成乙酸正丁酯

以自制固体超强酸W03／ZrO2为催化剂,研究了合成乙酸正丁酯的最佳反应条件,实验结果证明：固体超强酸WO,／ZrO：是合成乙酸正丁酯的良好催化剂;其合成的最佳反应条件为：n（冰乙酸）：／7,（正丁醇）=1．0：1．6,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的3．8％,在回流温度下反应时间为2．0h,在上述条件下,乙酸正丁酯的酯化率可达97．09％．     

脂肪酶催化硬脂酸酯化反应的研究

用脂肪酶在四氢呋喃中催化合成硬脂酸酯.研究了反应温度、时间、加水量、加酶量、不同的醇以及原料摩尔比对硬脂酸转化率的影响.最佳反应条件为:反应温度35℃,硬脂酸与乙醇的摩尔比为1∶1.3,加水量为0.4%,加酶量为600μg/g硬脂酸,反应时间24 h,硬脂酸转化率达72.4%.     

硫酸氢钠催化合成肉桂酸环己酯

研究了硫酸氢钠催化下,肉桂酸和环己醇的酯化作用,得出最佳反应条件是：酸醇物质的量比为1：4,反应时间为1h,催化剂用量为0．5g／0．02mol酸,肉桂酸的转化率为96．7％。     

SO4 2-/Si-Zr-CLR固体超强酸催化合成DBP

摘要：将硅锆交联粘土固体超强酸(SO4^2-／Si-Zr-CLR)用于邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)的合成反应中。最佳反应条件为：反应温度为155℃，丁醇／邻苯二甲酸酐(摩尔比)=3：1，反应时间2．5h，W(催化剂)=1．0％，苯酐的转化率达97．2％。催化剂易于和产品分离，并能重复使用。     

硫酸氢钠催化合成肉桂酸环己酯

研究了硫酸氢钠催化下,肉桂酸和环己醇的酯化作用,得出最佳反应条件是：酸醇物质的量比为1：4,反应时间为1h,催化剂用量为0.5g／0．02mol酸,肉桂酸的转化率为96．7％。     

硫酸氢钠催化合成乳酸正戊酯

研究了乳酸和戊醇在硫酸氢钠催化下的酯化反应，发现其最佳条件为：酸醇物质的量比1：2，反应时间1h，回流温度130～135℃，带水剂10mL，催化剂用量0．2g／mol摩尔乳酸，乳酸的酯化率可达99％以上．     

氨基磺酸催化合成苯甲酸正丁酯的研究

以氨基磺酸为催化剂，催化合成了苯甲酸正丁酯，用正交实验法确定了反应的最佳条件．最佳条件为：催化剂用量为0.6g／0．1mol苯甲酸，醇酸物质的量比为2：1；回流时间为3．5—4．0h；苯甲酸的酯化率可达97．26％．该催化剂催化效果好，用量少，酯化率高，污染小，有一定的工业应用价值．     

复合固体酸SO4^2-/Fe2O3-Al2O3催化合成乳酸正丁酯的研究

合成了复合固体酸SO4^2-/Fe2O3-Al2O3，并将其用于催化乳酸与正丁醇的酯化反应．实验表明该催化剂不仅催化活性优于SO4^2-/Fe2O3，催化剂，而制备更容易．其最佳反应条件为：催化剂量为1．0g／0．1mol乳酸，醇酸摩尔比为2．5：1。反应时间2．5h．该催化剂具有催化活性高，不污染环境，可重复使用的优点．     

复合蛋白酶水解罗非鱼条件的优化研究

以水解度为优化的指标,利用单因素试验研究酶解温度、pH值、反应时间等因素对鱼蛋白水解的影响,利用中心组合试验方法优化酶的添加量和蛋白质浓度．结果表明：复合蛋白酶水解罗非鱼的最佳条件为：加酶量17660U／g蛋白、蛋白质质量分数2．50％、水解温度55℃、pH值7．5、水解时间10h,在此条件下,水解体系的氨基酸态氮含量达到了1．41mg／mL,水解度为35．25％,挥发性盐基氮含量为0．048mg／mL,得到用复合蛋白酶水解罗非鱼的最佳工艺条件．     

无水三氯化铝催化合成醋酸正丁酯

以正丁醇和冰乙酸为原料，采用无水三氯化铝作催化剂合成醋酸正丁酯．考察了催化剂用量、原料配比和反应时间等因素对反应的影响．确定了无水三氯化铝作催化剂的最佳反应条件是n正丁醇:n冰乙酸=1：0．7，无水三氯化铝用量为醇酸总质量的3．0％，反应温度104～107℃，反应时间为2．0h，产率高达99．2％(以冰乙酸计)．并且对催化剂的重复使用效果做了研究．     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

团图为数的图中的闭团贯数

Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.