水疗法对散打运动性肌肉疲劳恢复的作用机制

散打运动员的运动目的是提高专项运动成绩,提高运动成绩就需要较强的运动能力,有效地恢复训练手段有助于提高运动员的运动能力,水疗法是运动性肌肉疲劳恢复的手段之一。本文运用文献资料法和访谈法从水疗法的具体实施方式、效果对散打运动性肌肉疲劳恢复的影响作用进行分析,认为水疗法可以有效提高散打运动员肌肉的收缩和反应能力,旨在为散打...     

运动性肌肉疲劳与恢复的研究进展

本文采用文献综述法,对近年来有关运动性肌肉疲劳产生的细胞机制及如何恢复肌肉疲劳进行了阐述。运动性肌肉疲劳发生的机制主要从细胞的形态结构与疲劳、细胞内PH的下降与肌肉疲劳、能源物质的消耗与疲劳等方面的研究进行了综述。以期为广大体育工作者的研究提供一定的理论依据．     

运动性肌肉疲劳产生机制探析

通过文献资料法,从生理生化角度,对运动性肌肉疲劳的定义、产生机制进行全方位地阐述,为全面系统地认识运动性肌肉疲劳产生的机制提供了有效的途径,并提出此领域研究的不足以供参考讨论。     

递增负荷运动过程中股四头肌表面肌电图的变化

表面肌电信号的检测是一种无创电检测方法,它的检测分析对临床诊断及康复医学,运动医学等具有重要意义。肌肉疲劳产生过程中,肌电图的振幅和频谱指标均会产生相应变化,肌肉疲劳通常是指肌肉运动系统最大做功能力或最大收缩能力暂时下降。SEMG信号可以在一定程度上反映肌肉收缩功能的变化,在运动性肌肉疲劳研究中将发挥重要作用。     

递增负荷运动过程中股四头肌表面肌电图的变化

表面肌电信号的检测是一种无创电检测方法,它的检测分析对临床诊断及康复医学,运动医学等具有重要意义.肌肉疲劳产生过程中,肌电图的振幅和频谱指标均会产生相应变化,肌肉疲劳通常是指肌肉运动系统最大做功能力或最大收缩能力暂时下降.SEMG信号可以在一定程度上反映肌肉收缩功能的变化,在运动性肌肉疲劳研究中将发挥重要作用.     

浅析运动训练中的疲劳与对策

1 运动性疲劳的表现及生化特点 1.1运动性疲劳大体可分为三大类: 第一类,肌肉疲劳:肌肉疲劳是,机力下降,肌肉收缩速度和放松速度减慢,收缩时间比正常时延长4～5倍。放松时间延长可达12倍。严重影响肌肉的快速、协调动作。肌肉出现僵硬、肿胀和疼痛,可能是由于机械负荷使肌纤维发生细小损伤、乳酸等代谢产物的积存和水分的积蓄等多种因素引起的。     

谈青少年运动员的运动性疲劳

一、运动性疲劳的主要表现。 1、肌肉疲劳。主要表现为肌力下降，肌肉收缩和放松速度减慢，严重影响肌肉的快速、协调动作。运动时出现动作迟缓不协调、技术动作变形，运动后出现肌肉僵硬、肿胀和疼痛现象。     

运动疲劳的消除

运动疲劳的消除●刘成林孙奎香对青年学生来说，参加体育运动或比赛是常有的事，当体育运动负荷超过了机体承受能力时，就会引起机体机能下降，工作能力降低，这就是我们常说的运动性疲劳。运动性疲劳大体分肌肉疲劳、内脏疲劳、神经疲劳等。疲劳的程度，一般可以通过运动...     

中医中药消除运动性疲劳的研究

在运动性疲劳中，大多数运动员有肌肉疲劳、脾胃功能失调、阴虚、气血双虚等症状，用气血双补的中药八珍汤加味组成的抗疲劳合剂，有健脾补气、补血活血的功效，能改善人体代谢紊乱，迅速消除运动性疲劳，增强运动员的运动能力。     

运动性肌肉疲劳的表面肌电非线性信号特征

研究目的在于探讨不同强度等长运动诱发肌肉疲劳过程中s EMG非线性信号变化特征及其与肌肉运动耐力的关系。10名青年大学生志愿者参加本次实验。采用4 0 %、6 0 %和80 %MVC强度的等长运动试验诱发肱二头肌疲劳,同步采集该肌肉s EMG信号并进行非线性C(n)和% DET和线性MPF分析。研究发现1)肌肉疲劳过程中s EMG信号的MPF和C(n)呈单调递减型变化,而% DET呈单调递增型变化;2 )不同强度运动负荷诱发肌肉疲劳过程中MPF、C(n)和% DET变化率具有明显的运动强度依赖性并与肌肉耐力运动成绩高度相关;3)以% DET变化率反映运动性肌肉疲劳的敏感度明显高于MPF和C(n)。     

运动性呼吸肌疲劳与耐力性项目的运动能力

影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩.     

运动性肌肉疲劳和细胞pH

新近有关运动疲劳时肌肉细胞和亚细胞机制的研究表明,细胞内pH下降是产生肌肉疲劳特征的重要因素.细胞内pH的下降能引起最大收缩力下降,收缩和舒张期延长,最大缩短速度下降以及最大收缩力和最大缩短速度同时下降所导致最大功率下降.     

呼吸肌疲劳对运动能力的影响

迄今为止,人们比以往任何时候都相信,呼吸系统是影响耐力的重要因素之一。不仅剧烈的耐力练习会导致呼吸肌的疲劳,而且运动训练和比赛所导致的呼吸肌的疲劳也会影响运动员的竞技状态。因而运动员进行呼吸肌的耐力训练可以提高其耐力水平。勿庸置疑,呼吸系统的疾病可以影响运动能力,但是呼吸系统在何种程度上影响运动能力仍然有争议。     

浅谈饮料在体育运动中抗疲劳功效价值研究

采用文献资料法等分析饮料在体育运动中抗疲劳功效及价值。主要结论:功能性饮料能够短时高效的补充能量和抗疲劳,滥用会引起心血管系统异常。茶饮可通过胶原蛋白合成加速运动损伤中组织创口愈合,茶饮中咖啡碱可引起中枢神经兴奋、增大肌肉张力、消除疲劳。鲜榨果蔬饮料能及时补充运动后人体所需各种微量元素,促进胃肠道蠕动,具有改善疲劳抗氧化等功效。矿物质饮料提供运动时人体所需矿物质元素,改善运动时人体内环境平衡,具有镇痛抗氧化、提高免疫力及增强身体素质,消除疲劳等作用。运动后饮用碳酸饮料会引发腹胀,易于出现注意力不集中、心悸、疲乏等困意感,存在引发骨质酥松症,增加运动中骨折的风险。含有乳清蛋白的乳饮料有助于提高机体能量,帮助重建受损的肌纤维,可延缓中枢神经系统疲劳,更好地提升运动耐力和运动表现。     

中药对长期运动训练大鼠骨骼肌自由基代谢影响的研究

自由基是造成运动性疲劳的重要因素,应用中药干预了解其对自由基代谢的有利作用是当前的研究热点。研究结果表明:长期递增负荷跑台运动导致大鼠骨骼肌组织自由基代谢紊乱,体重显著降低;中药干预显著提高运动大鼠的体重,并且显著提高大鼠骨骼肌抗氧化酶活性,稳定了自由基代谢平衡,促进运动能力的提高。     

局部肌肉疲劳对踝关节本体感觉的影响

目的:通过分析局部肌肉疲劳前、后踝关节在矢状面内运动的位置觉、肌肉力觉的变化,探讨局部肌肉疲劳对踝关节本体感觉的影响,为踝关节损伤防治和康复训练提供基础理论和实验依据。方法:选取14名无踝关节疾患的受试者为实验对象,踝关节位置觉采用对踝关节跖屈5°的被动定位、被动复位能力进行测试,肌肉力觉采用受试者踝关节对跖屈肌群25%最大等长峰值力矩值的复制能力进行测试;疲劳测试采用60最大等速向心运动模式;对于局部肌肉疲劳前、后踝关节本体感觉的对比,采用重复测量方差分析进行。结果:踝关节的位置觉(VEJPS和AEJPS)和肌肉力觉(RVEFS和RAEFS)在局部肌肉疲劳前、后的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:1)最大等速向心运动至局部肌肉疲劳后,踝关节的位置觉均较疲劳前下降;2)最大等速向心运动至局部肌肉疲劳后,踝关节的肌肉力觉均较疲劳前下降;3)踝关节最大等速向心运动至局部肌肉疲劳后,受试者的中枢控制策略发生改变。     

Knee joint neuromuscular activation performance during muscle damage and superimposed fatigue

This study examined the concurrent effects of exercise-induced muscle damage and superimposed acute fatigue on the neuromuscular activation performance of the knee flexors of nine males (age: 26.7 ± 6.1 years; height 1.81 ± 0.05 m; body mass 81.2 ± 11.7 kg [mean±s]). Measures were obtained during three experimental conditions: (i) 'fatigue-muscle damage', involving acute fatiguing exercise performed on each assessment occasion plus a single episode of eccentric exercise performed on the first occasion and after the fatigue trial; (ii) 'fatigue', involving the fatiguing exercise only; and (iii) 'control' consisting of no exercise. Assessments were performed prior to (pre) and at 1 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 168 h relative to the muscle damaging eccentric exercise. Repeated-measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) showed that muscle damage elicited reductions of up to 38%, 24% and 65% in volitional peak force, electromechanical delay and rate of force development compared to baseline and controls, respectively (F ([10, 80]) = 2.3 to 4.6; P < 0.05) with further impairments (6.2% to 30.7%) following acute fatigue (F ([2, 16]) = 4.3 to 9.1; P < 0.05). By contrast, magnetically-evoked electromechanical delay was not influenced by muscle damage and was improved during the superimposed acute fatigue (～14%; F ([2, 16]) = 3.9; P < 0.05). The safeguarding of evoked muscle activation capability despite compromised volitional performance might reveal aspects of capabilities for emergency and protective responses during episodes of fatigue and antecedent muscle damaging exercise.     

Changes in respiratory muscle and lung function following marathon running in man

Respiratory muscle fatigue has been reported following short bouts of high-intensity exercise, and prolonged, moderate-intensity exercise, as evidenced by decrements in inspiratory and expiratory mouth pressures. However, links to functionally relevant outcomes such as breathing effort have been lacking. The present study examined dyspnoea and leg fatigue during a treadmill marathon in nine experienced runners. Maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure, peak inspiratory and expiratory flow, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume in one second were assessed before, immediately after, and four and 24 hours after a marathon. During the run, leg effort was rated higher than respiratory effort from 18 through 42 km (P < 0.05). Immediately after the marathon, there were significant decreases in maximal inspiratory pressure and peak inspiratory flow (from 118 +/- 20 cm H(2)O and 6.3 +/- 1.4 litres x s(-1) to 100 +/- 22 cm H(2)O and 4.9 +/- 1.5 litres x s(-1) respectively; P < 0.01), while expiratory function remained unchanged. Leg maximum voluntary contraction force was significantly lower post-marathon. Breathing effort correlated significantly with leg fatigue (r = 0.69), but not inspiratory muscle fatigue. Our results confirm that prolonged moderate-intensity exercise induces inspiratory muscle fatigue. Furthermore, they suggest that the relative intensity of inspiratory muscle work during exercise makes some contribution to leg fatigue.     

Threshold frequency of an electrically induced cramp increases following a repeated,localized fatiguing exercise

Abstract

Though clinical observations and laboratory data provide some support for the neuromuscular imbalance theory of the genesis of exercise-associated muscle cramps, no direct evidence has been published. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of local muscle fatigue on the threshold frequency of an electrically induced muscle cramp. To determine baseline threshold frequency, a cramp was electrically induced in the flexor hallucis brevis of 16 apparently healthy participants (7 males, 9 females; age 25.1 ± 4.8 years). The testing order of control and fatigue conditions was counterbalanced. In the control condition, participants rested in a supine position for 30 min followed by another cramp induction to determine post-threshold frequency. In the fatigue condition, participants performed five bouts of great toe curls at 60% one-repetition maximum to failure with 1 min rest between bouts followed immediately by a post-threshold frequency measurement. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and simple main effects testing showed post-fatigue threshold frequency (32.9 ± 11.7 Hz) was greater (P < 0.001) than pre-fatigue threshold frequency (20.0 ± 7.7 Hz). An increase in threshold frequency seems to demonstrate a decrease in one's propensity to cramp following the fatigue exercise regimen used. These results contradict the proposed theory that suggests cramp propensity should increase following fatigue. However, differences in laboratory versus clinical fatiguing exercise and contributions from other sources, as well as the notion of a graded response to fatiguing exercise, on exercise-associated muscle cramp and electrically induced muscle cramp should be considered.     

表面肌电信号分析评价肌肉疲劳的有效性和敏感性

目的:测定和分析应用表面肌电信号分析指标评价肌肉疲劳的有效性和敏感性,方法:选取健康无专业运动男、女大学生各10名,进行3个膝关节角度(90°、60°和30°)×3个运动负荷(40％MVC、60％MVC和80％ MVC)共9次静力性等长疲劳实验,同步记录sEMG信号并进行线性和非线性信号处理.结果:sEMG信号分析指标表现出单调性变化,且采样序列线性拟合具有显著性.膝关节角度、运动负荷和性别对各指标的变化率有显著影响.结论:应用非线性分析指标评价肌肉疲劳具有很好的敏感性.