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本文通过研究近年来关于研发和加计扣除政策的文献,结合调研和分析发现企业存在利用加计扣除政策进行盈余管理的可能,并以此提出假设。本文以财政部2008年首次颁布研发加计扣除政策以及2013年扩大可扣除范围这两个时间点前后为研究对象,选取我国2006年到2014年均为高新企业的上市公司为实验组样本,这几年均不是高新技术企业的上市公司为控制组样本,通过双重差分、分段研究等方法,检验政策实施效果。研究发现:(1)政策实施后,实验组相比控制组研发费用比例显著增加,即政策执行促进了企业的研发投入;(2)政策对于企业研发效率的提升并没有起到显著的作用;(3)政策实施后实验组的总资产利润率的波动相比控制组显著减小,同时可操控性应计利润显著减少,说明政策实施后,企业运用该政策来替代应计利润进行更隐蔽的盈余管理,达到平滑企业利润的目的。最后,本文提出在执行加计扣除政策时应考虑行业特征、增加政策执行力度和加计扣除透明度等建议。本文的研究为从盈余管理的视角审视加计扣除的政策实施对研发效率的影响带来新的文献与数据。 相似文献
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研发费用加计扣除政策与企业全要素生产率 《科学学研究》2021,39(10):1790-1802
在创新驱动发展战略、供给侧结构性改革和减税降费等政策背景下,研究研发费用加计扣除政策对企业全要素生产率的影响具有重要的意义。本文以财税〔2015〕119号文件的颁布作为准实验,使用2008-2017年沪深两市上市公司为研究样本,采用双重差分法,考察研发费用加计扣除政策对企业全要素生产率的影响。研究发现:(1)研发费用加计扣除政策的施行能够显著提升企业的全要素生产率;(2)研发费用加计扣除政策对企业全要素生产率的提升是通过提高企业的研发投入而实现的;(3)这一政策效果在不同地区、不同规模、不同行业竞争程度以及不同生命周期的企业中存在显著差异。基于上述结论,本文提出了完善我国研发费用加计扣除政策的建议。 相似文献
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我国研发费用加计扣除政策的改进方向 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
研发税收优惠对激励企业增加研发投入的有效作用已经取得世界共识。面对世界金融危机,我国建设创新型国家的任务更加紧迫,更加需要一个对企业研发能够真正有效激励的税收优惠政策。本文结合我国研发费用加计扣除政策的落实情况、国外实践以及我国现行创新激励政策体系,对我国研发费用加计扣除政策存在的问题进行了深入分析,并提出了改进的政策建议。 相似文献
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以2011-2013年创业板高新技术企业所享受的加计扣除优惠政策为研究对象,选取托宾Q值作为企业价值的代理变量,考察企业享受加计扣除优惠政策是否能够提升企业价值。研究发现,加计扣除优惠强度可以显著提高企业价值;研发投入强度对加计扣除优惠强度与企业价值的关系起到正向调节作用。 相似文献
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探讨研发费用加计扣除政策对中小企业创新绩效影响的文献较为缺乏,且忽视了企业内部因素。基于A股上市公司的数据,以中小企业为研究对象,将创新绩效划分为数量和质量两个维度,构建企业创业导向调节研发费用加计扣除政策与创新绩效关系的概念模型。运用门限回归法探究不同创业导向区间内研发费用加计扣除受惠强度对企业创新绩效的激励效应。实证结果表明:中小企业研发费用加计扣除受惠强度对创新数量和创新质量具有显著正向影响;创业导向对研发费用加计扣除政策的实施效果具有调节作用,且创业导向的调节作用存在门限效应;当创业导向处于较低区间时,研发费用加计扣除政策受惠强度的提高反而会降低创新质量;当创业导向处于较高区间时,研发费用加计扣除政策受惠强度对企业创新质量的激励效果最优;创业导向的调节效应存在行业异质性。基于上述研究结论,建议进一步提升研发费用加计扣除的比例并与鼓励创业导向的政策配套实施;根据不同的创业导向水平和不同行业制定差异化的优惠政策。本文从企业内在因素这一新视角探讨了研发费用加计扣除政策的实施效果,揭示了政策实施过程中企业产生机会主义行为的深层原因,并为提升研发费用加计扣除政策实施的有效性和精准性提供了... 相似文献
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摘要:专利保护和加计扣除政策是政府保护和激励私人技术创新的重要手段。本文利用2005-2015年间77家农业上市公司公开数据,研究了专利保护和加计扣除政策对私人农业研发投入与研发投入强度的影响。结果表明,专利保护政策并未促进私人农业研发投入或者提高私人研发投入强度,而加计扣除政策则显著提高了私人的研发投入和研发投入强度。通过设置专利保护和加计扣除政策的交互项,发现专利保护的增强削弱了加计扣除政策的溢入效应。本文结论验证了已有的部分研究结论,建议进一步完善专利保护政策,加强加计扣除政策的实施广度和强度,推动国家创新体系建设。 相似文献
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S. Negassi 《Research Policy》2004,33(3):365-384
The scope of this paper is to report new empirical evidence on the determinants of R&D co-operation. Indeed, the literature on the capabilities of firms emphasises the role of knowledge in the performance and evolution of firms who use knowledge developed in others to build their own knowledge capital. R&D co-operation between firms is one of the many strategies by which this knowledge may be transmitted. Several theoretical models have stressed that R&D co-operation is more likely when the level of spillovers is high. While this supposition is used in many theoretical models, it has rarely been tested before. Our results do not lend strong support to this intuition. Indeed, our spillover variables (national pure spillovers, national rent spillovers and imports of machine tools), which were supposed to match the theoretical notion of spillovers used in these theoretical models have a positive but not a significant role when explaining R&D co-operation. The R&D co-operation increases with size and with R&D intensity, but not with market share. It also increases with the budget spent on paying license fees and on acquiring patents and labour from foreign firms. In this study, we also analyse the determinants of innovation. In more precise terms, we compare the effects of R&D co-operation to those played by traditional internal factors and those exerted by external, pure and rent spillovers on the innovation capacity of the firms. Our results show that the commercial success of innovations of French firms depends mainly on size, market share, R&D intensity and human capital. Inward FDI from industrialised countries exerts a positive and significant effect. The finding highlights the important role of the absorptive capacity of firms. Spillover measurements, such as the acquisition of machine tools, foreign patents, licenses, and technological opportunities have a positive impact on innovation. 相似文献
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Three frames for innovation policy: R&D,systems of innovation and transformative change 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Science, technology and innovation (STI) policy is shaped by persistent framings that arise from historical context. Two established frames are identified as co-existing and dominant in contemporary innovation policy discussions. The first frame is identified as beginning with a Post-World War II institutionalisation of government support for science and R&D with the presumption that this would contribute to growth and address market failure in private provision of new knowledge. The second frame emerged in the 1980s globalising world and its emphasis on competitiveness which is shaped by the national systems of innovation for knowledge creation and commercialisation. STI policy focuses on building links, clusters and networks, and on stimulating learning between elements in the systems, and enabling entrepreneurship. A third frame linked to contemporary social and environmental challenges such as the Sustainable Development Goals and calling for transformative change is identified and distinguished from the two earlier frames. Transformation refers to socio-technical system change as conceptualised in the sustainability transitions literature. The nature of this third framing is examined with the aim of identifying its key features and its potential for provoking a re-examination of the earlier two frames. One key feature is its focus on experimentation, and the argument that the Global South does not need to play catch-up to follow the transformation model of the Global North. It is argued that all three frames are relevant for policymaking, but exploring options for transformative innovation policy should be a priority. 相似文献
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Environmental innovation and R&D cooperation: Empirical evidence from Spanish manufacturing firms 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Valentina De Marchi 《Research Policy》2012,41(3):614-623
This paper explores the relationship between firms’ R&D cooperation strategies and their propensity to introduce environmental innovations.Previous literature has supported that environmental innovations differ from other innovations as far as externalities and drivers of their introduction are concerned, highlighting mainly the importance of regulation to trigger them. Using data from the Community Innovation Survey on Spanish manufacturing firms (PITEC), this paper investigates specificities that affect rather how they are developed, and in particular the higher importance of R&D cooperation with external partners.The econometric estimations, controlling for selection bias, suggest that environmental innovative firms cooperate on innovation with external partners to a higher extent than other innovative firms. Furthermore, cooperation with suppliers, KIBS and universities is more relevant than for other innovators, whereas cooperation with clients does not seem to be differentially important. Finally, the results bespoke of a substitution effect between cooperation activities and the internal R&D effort. 相似文献
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制造业企业通过研发操纵迎合政策门槛值,可以获取税收减免等政策性优惠,但刻意的研发操纵行为却不一定带来企业生产率水平的提高。本文基于2008~2018年ACF法测算的微观企业生产率数据及B-样条基函数展开的非参数分位数模型,更加真实地捕获研发操纵对企业生产率的非线性异质影响,结果发现:(1)研发操纵对企业生产率存在非线性影响,随着研发操纵不断增加,会抑制企业生产率。(2)研发操纵在不同分位点存在显著异质效应,在低分位点处对研发操纵敏感程度更高,即企业生产率水平越低,研发操纵所带来的负面影响越显著。(3)非国有企业更有动机进行研发操纵,且对生产率负面影响更显著。此外,研发操纵对不同地区或技术类型企业生产率影响不同,其中对高技术类型、中西部地区负面影响更显著。(4)研发操纵对企业生产率影响存在显著的滞后效应。中国企业不应盲目研发操纵,应与自身生产率密切结合,为适度研发操纵提升企业生产率目标提供决策依据。 相似文献
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本文构建了不同渠道融资约束与企业创新决策的理论框架,利用2008-2018年上市公司数据库中的制造企业数据,考察了融资约束对创新决策的影响。研究发现,(1)融资约束不仅没有抑制我国企业开展创新活动,反而促进了企业参与创新的积极性。(2)《高新技术企业管理办法》颁布后,一些企业为获得高新技术企业称号及政策补贴,采取研发操纵手段,扭曲了融资约束对企业创新决策的抑制作用。并且,受融资约束越强的企业参与研发操纵的动机越强烈。(3)基于企业异质性的分组检验表明,融资约束对技术密集型以及资本密集型企业产生显著的促进作用,且技术密集型企业具有更为明显的研发操纵倾向;民营企业、东部地区制造企业融资约束对创新决策的扭曲效应更为显著;同时,外资企业参与研发操纵的概率最大。 相似文献