Accessibility from Scratch: One Library’s Journey to Prioritize the Accessibility of Electronic Information Resources

The increased development and use of electronic and information technology in higher education raises questions about accessibility for individuals with disabilities. In academic libraries, providing accessible electronic information resources ensures equal access and opportunity to information. This article provides a contextual understanding of accessibility in higher education as well as strategies for evaluating, negotiating, and procuring accessible electronic resources licensed through third party vendors.     

影响视障者访问公共图书馆网站的因素研究——基于LibQUAL+TM模式的视障用户体验

[目的/意义]研究影响视障者访问公共图书馆网站的因素,并针对网站信息无障碍的设计提出具体建议和优秀范例,为图书馆网站更好地服务视障者提供借鉴。[方法/过程]首先,采用内容分析法和调查问卷法,从文献中整理出本研究参考的17项无障碍设计原则;其次,选择百度排名靠前的5家国内公共图书馆,邀请5位视障者利用读屏软件访问其网站并完成一系列任务,获知结果和总体评价;再次,参照LibQUAL+^TM模式,针对17项设计原则设计调查问卷,让视障者对5家公共图书馆网站的各项服务进行评分。[结果/结论]通过对视障者的评价及评分进行综合分析,发现5家国内公共图书馆网站提供的信息服务离读者认为理想的服务水平还有差距,并从网站资源与网站操作两方面探讨影响视障者访问网站的因素,同时列举出国外优秀公共图书馆网站范例。最后,针对国内公共图书馆网站信息无障碍的设计提出加强网站首页的营销功能等10项具体建议。     

Wired But Not Connected

Summary

The main library Web pages representing Yahoo!'s list of the “100 Most Wired Colleges” were analyzed for accessibility to people with disabilities. Forty of the pages were judged accessible using Bobby, the online automated service developed by the Center for Applied Special Technology. Frequencies of accessibility errors, recommendations, questions, tips, and browser compatibility errors are provided. The study found no relationship between accessibility of the library home pages and indicators of institutional resources, as represented by Yahoo! ranking (computer resources), Association of Research Libraries composite ranking (extent of library resources), and Carnegie Classification (range and extent of academic and research resources). Guidelines for accessible Web pages and an Adaptive PC Computer Workstation are included.     

政府门户网站信息无障碍利用的现状与对策

政府门户网站信息无障碍利用是当前我国电子政务的重要内容,是政府实现公共服务均等化的需要,符合国际发展趋势.对比国内外政府门户网站信息无障碍利用现状得知,我国政府门户网站存在地域性差距大、相关法律法规与标准不完善、信息技术不成熟、投入与认识不足等问题,应从增强信息无障碍利用意识、健全信息无障碍利用法律法规与标准体系、完善...     

高校图书馆面向残疾读者的无障碍环境建设——以北美研究图书馆为例

[目的/意义] 归纳总结北美地区研究图书馆无障碍环境建设的现状和特点,以期为我国高校图书馆的无障碍环境建设提供参考和借鉴。[方法/过程] 采用文献调查法和网络调查法,从提供的协助服务、无障碍设施、软硬件辅助设备、网页无障碍可访问性等方面对北美研究图书馆进行广泛调研,在此基础上归纳总结其特点。[结果/结论] 我国高校图书馆可以采取以下措施加强无障碍环境建设：制定完备的图书馆服务政策、增强残疾读者服务意识,加强无障碍网页设计及残疾读者网站栏目建设,完善残疾读者硬件、软件辅助设施及无障碍格式资源,主动搜集残疾读者信息、切实开展残疾读者人性化服务等。     

我国信息无障碍运动研究综述

信息平等访问是信息社会中人人享有的基本权利之一,信息无障碍是保障这项基本权利的关键。通过对我国信息无障碍运动中涉及的概念介绍,阐述我国信息无障碍运动所蕴含的重大的实践价值和社会意义,回顾我国信息无障碍运动的发展历史和研究现状,最后提出推进我国信息无障碍运动的实践策略,以期促进我国信息无障碍理念深入人心,让信息无障碍惠及所有的群体,从而构建和谐信息社会。     

基于包容性数字服务的信息无障碍供给实现途径研究

信息时代,残障人士、老年人等弱势群体在平等获取信息方面仍然存在着诸多困难和障碍。抚平数字鸿沟、打通数字服务的最后"一公里"成为实现信息普惠的关键一环。文章聚焦国内外信息无障碍和包容性数字服务相关研究,分析当前我国信息无障碍数字服务建设实践存在的问题,进而为建设以人为本的包容性信息服务,帮助弱势群体更好地融入信息社会,为实现信息普惠和数字公平提出对策建议。     

网络参考文献的可接受性、选择性和可获取性研究

因特网的出现使获取网络学术资源变得更加方便快捷,但在正式的学术交流中对它的引用仍然存在争议,并且在引用中也存在着一些问题。本文统计分析了情报学、情报工作期刊中含网络参考文献的论文占总论文的比例,网络参考文献占总参考文献的比例,网址域名的分布及其可获取性,进而评价了网络参考文献的可接受性、选择性和可获取性。     

数字图书馆信息资源建设中的易访问性问题与解决方式

信息资源的易访问性是实现数字图书馆目标的关键,而当前信息资源的易访问性并没有得到数字图书馆设计者、开发者应有的重视。同时,针对数字图书馆信息资源建设中出现的问题及其产生的原因进行分析,并就如何解决数字图书馆信息资源易访问性问题提出相应的解决方案。     

Public Library Websites and Adherence to Senior-Friendly Guidelines

This article reports on the results of a study that examined public library website adherence to senior-friendly website guidelines. A total of 104 public library websites (N = 104) were analyzed. Compliance with Internet design accessibility principles recommended for older adult Internet users was analyzed, and the findings suggest that current public library website practices may be problematic. As a result, public library websites offering resources and services may present potential accessibility challenges to older adults. Recommendations relevant to public libraries for enhancing library websites and online content are presented.     

Assessing the Library Homepages of COPLAC Institutions for Section 508 Accessibility Errors: Who's Accessible,Who's Not,and How the Online WebXACT Assessment Tool Can Help

ABSTRACT

The Council on Public Liberal Arts Colleges (COPLAC) libraries websites were assessed for Section 508 errors using the online WebXACT tool. Only three of the twenty-one institutions (14%) had zero accessibility errors. Eighty-six percent of the COPLAC institutions had an average of 1.24 errors. Section 508 compliance is required for institutions receiving federal funding. While this study shows the need to correct the existing errors, the low error rate shows that COPLAC institutions have generally been conscious of accessibility standards and are working toward achieving fully accessible websites. Studies of the connections between average accessibility errors and the geographic locations of these institutions, the amount of federal funding received, and size were inconclusive. The main aim of the study is to demonstrate the need to check library websites using the free WebXACT tool. This tool offers suggestions for accessibility that should serve to decrease the number of pages that are inaccessible to patrons.     

Insights into E-information Resources (E-journals) Access Models in Higher Learning Institutions in Ethiopia

This study overviews access models in the Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs) of Ethiopia made accessible through different partners, publishers, and/or aggregators. The study revealed that accessibility of e-information resources (e-journals) in the HLIs of Ethiopia is on the rise despite access barriers. It is also confirmed that users' information need, practical situations of universities, and the motives of access models/initiatives are different. The study recommends that awareness creation campaign is needed to maximize the benefits of access models for individual users, universities, and the society at large. Similarly, information literacy training is needed to increase accessibility of access models.     

我国网站无障碍研究综述

我国对网站无障碍建设方面已经进行广泛的研究,取得一定成果。通过对我国网站无障碍建设方面文献的梳理、分析,发现当前的研究中还存在研究范围狭窄、研究深度欠缺、研究主体单一等问题,最后针对研究中存在的问题,对未来研究方向提出一些建议。     

基于XSLT的Web易访问性评估工具的初步设计

针对目前网页易访问性评估工具的不足,讨论基于XSLT的网页易访问性评估工具设计思路,阐述网页易访问性评估指标的设定,分析指标设计的规则和实现方法,最后进行试用。结果表明,该工具初步达到设计的目的,具有较好的实用性。     

Braille preservation: recognising and respecting archival materials produced by and for the blind

There is a noticeable gap in the archival literature concerning the preservation of braille and other tactile print formats that, since the eighteenth century, have been produced by and for blind and visually impaired persons. Based on the insights gained from interviews with information professionals and additional research conducted by the author into the historical usage and production of braille, this paper aims to highlight factors that may affect the preservation and accessibility of braille in archives. While this article will not generate specific preservation guidelines, policies and procedures for braille – measures to be created in a future study – the purpose of this article is to draw an initial awareness to the issues that influence the preservation of and access to these archival records.     

国外政府网站无障碍研究及启示

网站无障碍目前已经成为信息无障碍利用中的焦点问题。世界范围内已经展开了对网站无障碍的研究。由于政府网站越来越多地提供公民在线利用信息和服务,基于信息公平的政府网站无障碍建设尤其重要和紧迫。文章选择了一些国外政府网站无障碍研究进行评述,分析其研究特点,提出了对我国政府网站无障碍研究的几点启示。     

中文网站无障碍评价模型探析

在信息无障碍的大背景下,文章提出中文网站无障碍评价模型的四条原则及相应的评价指标,并按一定的规范流程对无障碍评价模型指标进行量化处理得到各自权重。阐述利用无障碍评价模型确定评价标准和实施评价的方法。     

Web Accessibility Assessment of Urban Public Library Websites

In an age of ubiquitous information and communication technologies, urban public libraries are some of the only places to provide free Internet access for all members of the community regardless of ability or disability. This study provides a website accessibility assessment of the 127 U.S. public library members of the Urban Library Council, using the World Wide Web Consortium’s Web Content Accessibility Guidelines to establish the level of Web readiness of urban public libraries to meet the needs of individuals with disabilities. Findings suggest these libraries require additional and ongoing maintenance to be digitally inclusive.     

Creating Disability LibGuides with Accessibility in Mind

The Americans with Disabilities Act created regulations for the accessibility of buildings and services for individuals with disabilities, but libraries still have a deficit in information highlighting disability and accessibility. Using LibGuides 2.0 software, the authors created 22 accessible guides on disabilities, disability theory, and assistive technology. The initial response from users was positive and included feedback as the guides continue to be improved and built upon. This article is a case study on the creation of the guides from a disability and accessibility standpoint.