力量训练对女子中跑运动员专项速度的影响

当今中长跑训练中,力量训练的地位越来越高。本研究旨在探讨力量训练对女子中跑运动员专项速度的影响。以上海体育学院6名女子中跑队员为研究对象。通过进行为期12周的组合力量训练后,对队员专项速度进行前后对比分析发现力量训练能够显著提高女子中跑队员专项速度。     

体育专业考生中跑项目训练方法与策略

正中跑项目是高考体育生身体素质测试(800米跑)和部分考生选择专项测试(1 500米跑)的主要项目,如何有效地提高考生中跑训练的水平一直是体育教师和考生探讨的问题。体育考生的中跑训练不同于专业运动员的中跑训练,既要关注速度、力量、耐力和协调性的训练,又要突出中跑成绩的提高。笔者结合自己高考时的训练和近几年的教学与训练实践,从以下几个方面来探讨考生中跑训练的方法。中跑项目是既有耐力又有一定速度的大强度竞赛项目。对于考生而言应该从一般耐力和专项耐力、速度和速度耐力、力量耐力等方面的训练入手,按照考生训练的周期,选择适合高中生承受能力的训练方法,才能达到事半功倍的训练效果。     

少年中跑运动员的基础训练应以“速度为中心”——谈广西体校中跑二组的训练

前言当今世界中跑水平越来越高,发展的趋势是越跑越快,向着速度化方向发展,特别是在比赛中,表现在最后以高速度的冲刺而获胜,速度已成为当代中跑达到优异成绩的基础。要努力提高我国中跑水平,就必须要努力提高我国中跑运动员的速度,在当代世界中跑发展的新形势下,我们提出,少年中跑运动员的基础训练,要在发展一般耐力的基础上,以“速度为中心”。 1 训练的对象和方法我们训练的男女少年运动员,年龄在12     

中跑运动员的速度力量训练

中跑运动员的速度力量训练是一切从事实际训练工作的教练员所关切的问题.原苏联国家队耐力组教练员阿·波鲁宁和原全苏体科所的格·纳尔金斯博士.对中跑速度力量训练进行了专门研究。现由他们来回答这类问题。     

少儿中长跑的基础训练方法

1、速度训练方法近年来,我国和世界优秀中长跑运动员训练和比赛的实践,揭示了中长跑的竞争不仅是耐力竞争,而更重要的是速度的竞争,是运动员“高速度”持续跑专项能力的较量。中跑速度越来越接近短跑,它需要中跑选手在长达几分钟的比赛中自始至终保持高速度的运动,所以少儿时期要注重速度素质的训练。按其年龄段,不同年龄段采用不同的速度训练的方式、方法和训练量。     

解读自己⑥——男子800、1500米

一、指标的选择 跑类指标:对于中跑这些项目来言,大量跑的练习是必不可少的,因此,各种各样的跑是中长跑训练最重要的练习手段和方法,只有通过间歇训练、重复训练等手段来使人体适应这个既要有耐力,又要有速度的项目。 中跑的优异运动成绩,在很大程度上还取决于速度训练水平。世界优秀中跑运动员100米成绩可达10.8～11秒,这就能使他们以较高的平均速度跑完全程。中跑运动员的另一个特点,是在比较短的距离和比较长的距离都能跑出很好的成绩,这就是运动员的主项和邻项成     

浅析体育高考生中跑项目训练与营养的结合

中跑的实质就是＂拉长的短跑＂,全面的身体素质和充沛的体能是创造优异成绩的基础。从训练角度看,既需要良好的平跑速度,又需要具备长时间保持高速奔跑的速度耐力,与有氧耐力素质更是密切相关。从营养供能角度讲,其供能特点是以糖的无氧酵解和有氧氧化为主,有氧代谢系统、磷酸原系统、糖酵解系统共同参与、混合供能。因此,在注重训练的同时也要注重营养的供应。一、科学的训练手段中跑成绩取决于运动员正确的技术和战术、充沛的体能以及合理的速度分配能力。因此,可以将中跑项目训练的特点概括为：速度素质是核心,速度耐力是重点,耐力素质是基础。     

普通高校中跑运动员提高成绩的关键因素──速度力量训练

普通高校中跑运动员提高成绩的关键因素──速度力量训练张裕耐，丁关山，姚红燕中跑是一项既有较强的耐力基础，又必须有较强的速度力量的运动项目。随着科技水平的发展和训练方法的不断创新，中跑的技术也有了相应的改进，其训练方法日趋完善。２０世纪初，芬兰运动员采...     

浅谈中跑速度力量训练

本对中跑速度力量训练负荷的安排、就遵循的原则、训练的评定和应注意的事项进行简要的论述。     

跑

G822.0.G807.7 9412515少年中跑运动员的基础训练应以“速度为中心”[刊,中]/傅丽文//业余训练.—1993(4).—16—17表2(BJ)少年//中跑//训练//耐力//速度G822.019 9412602使跑速合理化的方法[刊,中]/周海根//国外体育科技.—1994(1).—43—47表4(SML)跑//速度//方法//测试     

中长跑运动员速度感的研究

本文通过对40名中长跑运动员速度感测试,结果显示中长跑运动员速度感主要是依靠对动作频率的辨别能力,同时发现中跑运动员与长跑运动员的提速方式不同,并指出速度感是能够培养的。     

中长跑运动员步频步幅与摄氧量关系的研究

通过分析研究中长跑运动员的跑速和步频步幅与摄氧量、肺通气量和心率等心肺功能的关系,以及心肺功能和身体状况探讨长跑运动员跑步中生理特点与运动规律,为改进运动员的长跑运动技术,提高训练效果和运动成绩,科学有效制定训练计划和比赛的战术提供理论依据。     

Differences in lower-limb coordination and coordination variability between novice and experienced runners during a prolonged treadmill run at anaerobic threshold speed

This study investigated differences in lower-limb coordination and coordination variability between experienced and novice runners during a prolonged run. Thirty-four participants were categorised as either experienced (n = 17) or novice runners (n = 17). All participants performed a 31-min treadmill run at their individual anaerobic threshold speed, and lower-limb kinematic data were acquired in the sagittal plane at the beginning, middle, and end of the run. Lower-limb coordination and variability during the stance phase were quantified using a vector coding technique for hip-knee, knee-ankle, pelvis-thigh, thigh-shank, and shank-foot couplings. Repeated-measure analysis of covariance revealed that running experience and time had significant interactions on the coordination patterns for hip-knee and pelvis-thigh couplings. During the midstance, experienced runners exhibited a higher percentage of in-phase motion for pelvis-thigh and knee-ankle couplings while novice runners displayed a higher percentage of distal motion for pelvis-thigh coupling and anti-phase motion for hip-knee coupling. Experienced runners displayed more variability in hip-knee and shank-foot couplings, and novice runners had more variability in hip, knee, and thigh motion. Experienced and novice runners adapted to progressive fatigue through different lower-limb coordination patterns. Throughout the prolonged run, experienced runners demonstrated greater coordination variability and novice runners displayed greater joint and segment variability.     

黑龙江省少年中跑运动员身体形态选材研究

以黑龙江省少年中跑运动员为对象，对中跑运动员身体形态选材进行研究。通过查阅大量文献资料，并对黑龙江优秀少年中跑运动员进行身体形态方面的测试后，得出黑龙江省优秀少年中跑运动员身体形态模型，运用SPSS软件对各项指标的测试结果与中跑成绩的相关性进行统计，确定了中跑运动员身体形态选票的关键指标。本文旨在进一步推进黑龙江优秀项目的发展，也为其他地区体育工作者的选票研究提供一些参考资料。     

Pacing profiles and tactical behaviors of elite runners

The pacing behaviors used by elite athletes differ among individual sports, necessitating the study of sport-specific pacing profiles. Additionally, pacing behaviors adopted by elite runners differ depending on race distance. An “all-out” strategy, characterized by initial rapid acceleration and reduction in speed in the later stages, is observed during 100 m and 200 m events; 400 m runners also display positive pacing patterns, which is characterized by a reduction in speed throughout the race. Similarly, 800 m runners typically adopt a positive pacing strategy during paced “meet” races. However, during championship races, depending on the tactical approaches used by dominant athletes, pacing can be either positive or negative (characterized by an increase in speed throughout). A U-shaped pacing strategy (characterized by a faster start and end than during the middle part of the race) is evident during world record performances at meet races in 1500 m, 5000 m, and 10,000 m events. Although a parabolic J-shaped pacing profile (in which the start is faster than the middle part of the race but is slower than the endspurt) can be observed during championship 1500 m races, a negative pacing strategy with microvariations of pace is adopted by 5000 m and 10,000 m runners in championship races. Major cross country and marathon championship races are characterized by a positive pacing strategy; whereas a U-shaped pacing strategy, which is the result of a fast endspurt, is adopted by 3000 m steeplechasers and half marathoners. In contrast, recent world record marathon performances have been characterized by even pacing, which emphasizes the differences between championship and meet races at distances longer than 800 m. Studies reviewed suggest further recommendations for athletes. Throughout the whole race, 800 m runners should avoid running wide on the bends. In turn, during major championship events, 1500 m, 5000 m, and 10,000 m runners should try to run close to the inside of the track as much as possible during the decisive stages of the race when the speed is high. Staying within the leading positions during the last lap is recommended to optimize finishing position during 1500 m and 5000 m major championship races. Athletes with more modest aims than winning a medal at major championships are advised to adopt a realistic pace during the initial stages of long-distance races and stay within a pack of runners. Coaches of elite athletes should take into account the observed difference in pacing profiles adopted in meet races vs. those used in championship races: fast times achieved during races with the help of one or more pacemakers are not necessarily replicated in winner-takes-all championship races, where pace varies substantially. Although existing studies examining pacing characteristics in elite runners through an observational approach provide highly ecologically valid performance data, they provide little information regarding the underpinning mechanisms that explain the behaviors shown. Therefore, further research is needed in order to make a meaningful impact on the discipline. Researchers should design and conduct interventions that enable athletes to carefully choose strategies that are not influenced by poor decisions made by other competitors, allowing these athletes to develop more optimal and successful behaviors.     

我国优秀中跑运动员专项素质主导因素的研究

运用文献资料、调查、测试和数理统计法,对我国优秀中跑运动员的专项素质主导因素和典型指标特征进行综合分析,结论认为,800 m运动员专项素质主导因素地位依次为速度耐力因子、速度因子、下肢爆发力因子和一般耐力因子,典型指标为400 m跑、30 m行进跑、立定三级跳和5 000 m跑;1 500 m运动员专项素质地位依次为速度耐力因子、一般耐力因子、速度因子,下肢爆发力因子,典型指标为600 m跑、5 000 m跑、100 m跑和30 m跨步跳。     

世界优秀男子110m栏运动员身体形态特征与运动成绩分析

通过对世界优秀男子l10m栏运动员速度、时间参数的统计处理与分析。表明最大栏间速度是决定成绩的关键因素;世界优秀110m栏运动员具有发挥速度快,加速能力强的特点:栏间速度变化均匀,节奏平稳是世界优秀运动员的一个显著特点;从分段时间看,影响成绩的关键区域是第2和第3跑段。     

中跑运动员速度感的分析

对20名中跑运动员速度感的测试,结果显示中跑运动员速度感主要是依靠对动作频率的辨别能力,同时提出了中跑运动员的提速方式和培养速度感的具体方法。     

对田径、赛艇运动员下肢等负荷多组力量训练强度的研究

对43名2级以上运动员进行了50％／Fmax负重，20次／组，组间歇1min，共5组力量耐力测试。采集并测定安静和每组运动员练习后即刻的心率和血乳酸，测定了每一位受试对象每一次深蹲的蹲起速度。所有测试对象对该练习强度均产生较大的生理反应，血乳酸和心率在第2组练习后出现快速上升，蹲起速度则均表现出不同程度的下降趋势。不同专项运动员对等负荷多组力量耐力训练具有不同的反应，田径跳跃运动员对测试的强度表现出高的生理反应，心率和乳酸水平均达到或接近最大负荷极限，赛艇运动员介于中长跑和跳跃运动员之间，中长跑运动员的反应较低，心率一直保持在140次／min以下，血乳酸值在7mmol／L以下，并显示出典型的血乳酸“平衡状态”。     

53例中老年长跑队员心电运动试验的分析

对５３例中老年长跑队员的活动平板功能负荷检查的结果进行了分析,认为中老年人参加长跑锻炼,对改善机体功能,延缓衰老,防止或减轻老年性疾病具有积极的促进作用;同时也强调加强对老年长跑队员医务监督和指导的重要性