西方油画材料技法的演变

西方油画的发展史从某种意义上来说也是材料技法的演变史。由于结合剂的改变，绘画经历了从蜡画、镶嵌画、干壁画、湿壁画、坦培拉绘画到油画的历史变迁。绘画材料的发展丰富了技法表现，而艺术观念则直接导致了技法的演变。     

论坦培拉几种技法对艺术表现产生的不同影响

坦培拉绘画艺术在油画产生之前一直作为西方主要的绘画艺术形式而存在,其起源建立在中世纪拜占庭风格基础上,后又鉴于文艺复兴时期的广泛运用得以发展和盛行。坦培拉绘画艺术在欧洲艺术文化史研究中一直被作为一种非常重要的绘画技法而深入研究和借鉴,在现代绘画艺术的运用中也占据特殊的地位,其特殊的技法显示出古朴的艺术表现力和强烈的生命力,对绘画艺术史的发展一直产生着重要影响。     

略论欧洲古典艺术中的坦培拉绘画技法

本文阐述了欧洲古典绘画技法"Tempera"(坦培拉),无论是对于当前我们的艺术创作,还是欧洲艺术文化史的研究,坦培拉都是很重要的绘画技法,值得深入研究和发展。     

油画材料及其技法的演进

油画材料及技法的演进大约有五百多年的历史,概括地可分为古代“丹培拉”绘画技法,古典“间接法”油画技法及近代“直接法”油画技法三阶段     

坦培拉绘画材料演变的启示

坦培拉绘画其技法已有近千年历史,它是欧洲传统绘画中的一个非常重要且影响深远的画种,一直为国外很多知名画家所运用。它作为一个有着悠久渊源与辉煌历史的画种,20世纪80年代中后期才被介绍到中国。现在国内有些院校开设这门课程,也有介绍它的书籍,但由于历史、文化、经济、地域等方面的因素,给学习带来许多障碍。通过对绘制坦培拉依托材料、制底材料、胶液熬制的容器、使用的颜料的演化过程的了解,可以提高对材料的认识,以便艺术家创造性地运用材料,更新艺术语言。     

现代复古坦培拉与欧洲早期风格比较研究

坦培拉绘画艺术一直是欧洲和现代绘画史上非常重要的一环,早在13世纪,在欧洲已形成了坦培拉绘画的高峰,有许多著名艺术家对这种绘画艺术的发展做出了很大贡献,同时,他们也利用这种画法为欧洲绘画史留下了许多伟大经典作品。坦培拉的存在历史虽然并不悠久,仅仅活跃于文艺复兴时期,但其对绘画历史产生的影响是不可磨灭的。     

油画透明画法的特点与实践

透明画法是古典油画的传统技法,它和直接画法在材料和技法方面有很大不同,二者的视觉效果也大不相同。学习和掌握透明画法,研究透明画法的技法对于丰富油画语言很有助益。本丈就笔者学习、研究透明画法的心得作一总结。     

浅谈小班玩色活动中的教学策略

所谓幼儿玩色活动是指幼儿在教师引导下,运用不同的绘画工具、材料及表现技法,在玩色的过程中绘制出富有创造力、想象力,又极具幼儿个性特色的绘画作品。它不同于一般的绘画教学,注重的是幼儿玩色的过程,绘画的工具比较多,绘画的材料、表现技法也不同。     

西方传统油画技法与东方绘画表现形式的渗透与融合

油画作为西方传统绘画艺术中的一个重要画种已有着几百年的悠久历史。它有着其独特的艺术语言魅力和特有的传统技法表现形式,经历了具象形式、抽象形式以及多样形式并存的几大历史阶段。油画技法,可以说是画家使用油画材料、驾驭油画艺术语言的方法：也可以具体地理解为在画布上的运笔,画面的处理,创造油画表面结构等等;更可以具体到一个画家如何让色彩、笔触完成其塑造立体感、表现空间感、展示自身的绘画性这样的功能。     

浅谈西方绘画材料技法的历史发展与演变

从凡·艾克发明油画开始,油画艺术经历了几百年的发展,成为西方美术发展中重要的艺术门类。油画的发展离不开油画材料技法的发展与变革,材料技法的发展又推动了油画艺术的发展与创新,很多油画大师在艺术创作的同时,也在不断对材料技法进行研究和创新。油画材料技法的发展经历了三个阶段古典透明技法(又称间接画法)、直接画法、现代综合材料与技法,油画材料技法的发展与变革推动了油画艺术多样性、多元化的发展,对油画艺术的发展起着重要的作用。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

胡主席在印度,我却在中国

Today, Sunday morning, I sit thinking and typing at my computer. My thoughts are in my homeland, India and my body is in China. The body is here and mind there for a good reason. Mr. Hu is president and I am resident and both are in each other's countries (what a difference the absence of one small letter makes!). Mr. Hu will return in a few days and I will stay on longer.