Development of a Clinical Practice Model for Serving Clients with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

There is a lack of systematic research on the training of clinicians toward providing counselling services and support to individuals with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). The aim of this qualitative project was twofold: (1) to develop and pilot a clinical consultation process that would address clinicians’ reported need for greater communication and information sharing in serving clients affected by FASD; and (2) to build a model of FASD-informed clinical counselling practice by examining this consultation process and by capturing the experiences of clinicians who were involved. Findings from focus groups and meeting minutes are reported with respect to the model’s focus on reflection, communication, and action.     

Behavioral contrast in pigeons and rats: A comparative analysis

The effects of reinforcement rate on behavioral contrast were examined in pigeons and rats. Each species was exposed to a series of 12 multiple variable-interval schedules, divided into four 3-schedule series. Each series consisted of a standard contrast manipulation, and baseline schedules provided a different rate of reinforcement in each of the series. The functions relating reinforcement rate to the magnitude of contrast were different across species. Rats showed a U-shaped function, with reliable contrast occurring only at high reinforcement rates. Pigeons showed an inverted U-shaped function, with contrast occurring on all schedules except the schedule providing the lowest rate of reinforcement. Pigeons discriminated between schedule components better than rats did, although differences in discrimination were probably not responsible for the differences in contrast. The results suggest that behavioral contrast in rats may be a different phenomenon from behavioral contrast in pigeons. The results cannot be explained by current theories, which view contrast as the product of a single general process.     

从细节做起,转化数学学困生

目的:对妊娠高血压综合征与胎儿宫内发育迟缓的关系进行探讨。方法:选取2012年1月-2013年12月山东省庆云县人民医院妇科收治的妊娠高血压综合征孕妇150例作为研究对象,设为观察组,选取同期非妊娠高血压综合征孕妇150例作为对照组,统计两组胎儿宫内发育迟缓的发生率及不同程度妊娠高血压综合征对胎儿宫内发育迟缓的影响,并统计不同体重新生儿与胎儿宫内发育迟缓的关系。结果:观察组迟缓儿的发生率为59.33%,对照组仅为9.33%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(字2=83.16,P<0.05);且随着血压程度的增高,出现发育迟缓比率显著升高,比较差异有统计学意义(字2=26.46,P<0.05)。随访观察组对象至出生,体重<2000 g的新生儿中出现发育迟缓比率为73.91%,体重2000~2500 g的新生儿中出现发育迟缓比率为55.93%,体重>2500 g的新生儿中出现比率为48.89%,随着新生儿体重的增加,出现发育迟缓的比率显著降低,比较差异有统计学意义(字2=6.37,P<0.05)。结论:妊娠高血压综合征孕妇的病症情况和胎儿宫内发育迟缓之间的关系密切,呈正比关系。     

行为资本资产定价模型标注

根据大量实证数据显示股票收益率服从尾部指数为3的情况,构造了特殊的三次价值函数．基于行为金融中的展望理论和处置效应,通过分析价值函数,建立了一个行为资本资产定价模型,并分析了新模型的特点同时将该模型与传统CAPM进行了比较．     

Microcounseling and Imitation Learning: A Behavioral Approach to Counselor Education

This article describes the counselor educator as a model who can combine positive reinforcement techniques, imitative learning, and microcounseling skills to shape student-counselor development. Pertinent research and theory are reviewed.     

一个伴有夹腿综合症唐氏女生的个案研究报告

本文通过分析一个9岁伴有夹腿综合症的唐氏女生的教育康复过程,探讨对伴有夹腿综合症的智能障碍儿童进行教育训练的可行性方法,并为此类儿童的康复提出有针对性的建议。     

Behavioral intervention strategies with child abusive parents: A home intervention program

This article describes a therapeutic program for child abusive parents that is psychoeducationally based and is conducted through home visits by trained behavioral interventionists. The immediate goals of the intervention are to teach abusive parents effective child management procedures based on social learning therapy and to modify faulty or excessive expectations these parents have toward the behavior of their children. The general model is discussed as well as criteria for selection of parents for home intervention services, the differences between home intervention with abusive and non-abusive parents and the procedures used in home intervention services. A general discussion is also provided of the various goals and stages through which parents progress.     

Behavioral Issues and IDEA: Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports and the Functional Behavioral Assessment in the Disciplinary Context

Positive behavioral interventions and supports (PBS) is the federal law's preferred strategy for dealing with challenging behavior by students with disabilities. The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) requires that PBS be considered in all cases of students whose behavior impedes their learning or the learning of others, reflecting IDEA's preference for use of state-of-the-art technology in special education. We believe that when schools take disciplinary actions against students with disabilities, PBS requirements will nearly always be at issue. This article describes the ramifications of IDEA's PBS requirements in the context of disciplinary situations, including the interplay of PBS issues with functional behavioral assessment and behavioral intervention plans.     

Language development in Down's Syndrome retardates: A factorial study

One hundred and one Down's Syndrome retardates were given a battery of language and cognitive tests. The resulting intercorrelations were factor analyzed using Principal Components, Varimax Rotation, and Promax procedures. Chronological age was included as one of the variables in the analysis. The resultant factors are described and discussed.     

孤残儿童的社会交往能力、心理行为问题与寄养

本研究运用孤残儿童教育基本情况表和CBCL儿童行为量表对寄养孤残儿童的社会交往能力和心理行为问题进行了调查,结果表明孤残儿童的社会交往能力普遍落后于正常儿童,并存在各种心理行为问题.寄养可促使孤残儿童社会交往能力的显著发展,但单纯的寄养不能解决孤残儿童存在的心理行为问题.     

Income and Social Rank Influence UK Children's Behavioral Problems: A Longitudinal Analysis

Children living in low‐income households face elevated risks of behavioral problems, but the impact of absolute and relative income to this risk remains unexplored. Using the U.K. Millennium Cohort Study data, longitudinal associations between Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire scores and absolute household income, distance from the regional median and mean income, and regional income rank were examined in 3‐ to 12‐year‐olds (n = 16,532). Higher absolute household incomes were associated with lower behavioral problems, while higher income rank was associated with lower behavioral problems only at the highest absolute incomes. Higher absolute household incomes were associated with lower behavioral problems among children in working households, indicating compounding effects of income and socioeconomic advantages. Both absolute and relative incomes therefore appear to influence behavioral problems.     

市场发育过程的行为经济学分析

市场是一个不同利益主体博弈过程,也是一个不同利益主体行为＂协调＂过程。市场整合的力量源自人的行为,从而将对市场的研究回归到对人的行为研究的本源上来。因此,探索市场过程,实质上就是探究人类行为的过程。     

西方行为主义法学述评

本文主要从特征、主要支派、基本评价三个方面对西方行为主义法学进行了述评。文章认为,西方行为主义法学的研究方法和某些结论不仅不能用马克思主义语境加以简单否定,而且对于发展中国法学事业和完善中国特色社会主义法制具有借鉴意义。     

一种新型可控高温酒精灯的研制

针对传统酒精灯温度低、加热慢等固有缺陷,利用增氧技术改善酒精灯工作环境,研制了一种新型的可控高温酒精灯。实验表明,它不但可以大大提高酒精灯火焰的温度,而且还可以精确控制酒精灯火焰的温度,大大扩展了酒精灯的使用范围,既提高了酒精灯的利用效率又节省了能源。     

A teacher-report measure of children's task-avoidant behavior: A validation study of the Behavioral Strategy Rating Scale

This study aims to validate a teacher-report measure of children's task-avoidant behavior, namely the Behavioral Strategy Rating Scale (BSRS), in a sample of 352 Finnish children. In each of the four waves from Kindergarten to Grade 2, teachers rated children's task-avoidant behavior using the BSRS, children completed reading and mathematics tests, and trained testers rated children's task-avoidant and social-dependent behavior after the test situation. Mothers also rated children's task-avoidant behavior in the last two waves. The results showed that a two-factor model including one factor representing task avoidance and one method factor accounting for wording effects among the negatively phrased items fitted the data best. The scale demonstrated strict measurement invariance across all four waves and satisfactory convergent and discriminant validity. Teacher-reported task avoidance was negatively associated with performance in reading and mathematics. The results suggest that the BSRS is a reliable, valid, and developmentally suitable instrument.     

高心理弹性者情绪唤起反应变化的时间动态特征:行为学证据

基于情绪时间动态视角探索高心理弹性者积极情绪、消极情绪唤起反应变化的特征,可为心理弹性科学提供情绪过程机制方面的证据。利用成人心理弹性量表(RSA)从232名大学生中筛选实验被试,有34名高心理弹性者和33名低心理弹性者参加实验。利用积极情绪消极情绪检查表(PANAS)、情绪(积极和消极)唤起视频材料和自编情绪自评表,分别测量和比较不同心理弹性被试情绪基线及积极、消极情绪唤起反应变化进程的时间动态差异。结果发现:与低心理弹性组相比,高心理弹性者的积极情绪基线水平高,消极情绪基线水平低,情绪平衡度基线高;高心理弹性者对积极情绪、消极情绪唤起均相对更为敏感,积极情绪唤起后恢复相对较缓,消极情绪唤起后恢复相对较快。提示更多、更长时的积极情绪唤起获益和更快的消极情绪唤起回复,是更具适应性的个体情绪时间动态特征,这种特征有助于个体保持高水平的情绪平衡度,利于当事者进行有效的压力/逆境应对。