论作者与隐含作者的关系

隐含作者的概念首先由韦恩·布斯提出,并很快受到文论界的广泛接受,但在作者与隐含作者的关系存在很大争议.本文试图对二者的关系进行梳理,论述几种有代表性的观点及其局限性,并以此为基础提出自己的观点.     

拟议论文提纲与思维训练

拟议论文提纲主要应拟好分论点,提高思维能力是关键。训练抽象概括能力,以拟出正确观点;训练发散思维能力,以打开论证思路;训练辐合思维能力,以确定分论点最优方案;训练辩证思维能力,结合变形思维和顺序性思维,以推进论证深度。     

悬崖上的英雄事

时间:1943年11月双方主力数量:敌方主力3000余人,我方主力90余人。战况:英勇的8连以伤7人、牺牲2人的代价,取得了歼敌300余人的重大胜利,拖住了敌人的重兵,消耗了敌人大量的弹药,有力地配合了外线出击,被授予"英雄岱崮连"称号。     

With the eyes of others: an ethnography of an academic office

The author raises questions about ethnographic methodology through exploring the implications of using observations produced by his colleagues about his office as data for his research. This process blurred the boundaries between researcher, method and the object and subject of research. It meets some criteria for ethnography and not others, and does not evidence clear definitional boundaries for any sub-genre such as autoethnography or collaborative authoethnography. Besides raising definitional challenges and the blurring of roles in research, the study also illustrates how the methodology revealed tensions over collegial trust, boundaries and privacy. The author's colleagues exposed aspects of the author's identity that were opaque and even invisible to the author. The author accordingly raises questions about the locus of ethical concern. Thus, issues of roles, definition, trust, boundaries, privacy and method were entwined.     

一个不等式再推广的注记

问题[1] 　设a1,a2 ,a3,a4 ∈R+ ,求证a31a2 +a3+a4+a32a3+a4 +a1+a33a4 +a1+a2+a34 a1+a2 +a3≥(a1+a2 +a3+a4 ) 21 2 ①文 [2 ]应用基本不等式 ,将不等式①推广为 :定理 1　设a1,a2 ,… ,an∈R+ ,a1+a2 +… +an=s,k∈N ,k≥ 2 ,则有ak1s-a1+ak2s-a2+… +akns-an≥ sk - 1(n -1 )nk- 2 ②其中等号当且仅当a1=a2 =… =an 时成立。定理 2　设a1,a2 ,… ,an∈R+ ,a1+a2 +… +an=s,k∈N ,k≥ 2 ,则有∑ni=1akis-ai≥ 1n -1 ∑ni=1ak- 1i ③其中等号当且仅当a1=a2 =… =an 时成立。本文给出两点注记 :注记 1　定理 1的条件可以放宽为 :设ai≥ …     

Forging an identity over the life-course

Using a social constructionist approach, this study explores the self-perceptions of young men who, when at school, were classed as boys with social, emotional and behavioural difficulties (SEBD). The aim is to understand how these perceptions were forged throughout the young men's life-courses resulting in changing self-identities. The study also explores how, through the language that the participants employed, they made it possible for different aspects of their socialization to influence their ability to influence the development of their lives, especially when making decisions such as choosing a particular partner or deciding to stop taking drugs. This study indicates participants acting on their own appraisals of their identity in forging opportunities and highlights their perceptions of the influence of different agents of socialization on how they turned out as adults.     

旁心三角形面积不等式的下界估计

<中学数学教学>2004年第一期19页介绍了有关三角形的旁心三角形面积的如下结论[1]:     

企业文化是企业实现其社会价值的有效资源

企业文化反映和代表着一个企业的经营理念、经营策略、经营形象和经营效果。分析研究企业文化的特点和作用 ,有助于塑造良好的企业文化形象 ,进一步推动企业经济效益的不断发展和壮大     

Evaluating the impact of an environmental education programme: an empirical study in Mexico

This study draws on information from 11 in‐depth interviews, two focus groups and 72 written questionnaires to evaluate an extra‐curricular environmental education programme on forestry designed for preparatory school students from a small rural community in Mexico. Specifically, the study assessed the impact of the programme on the ecological knowledge of 72 students. Qualitative feedback suggests that students learnt about forestry, acquired greater awareness of the importance of conservation for the local environment and enjoyed the participatory teaching methods used in the programme. Quantitative results show a positive and significant association between the number of times a student participated in the programme and the student’s ecological knowledge. Students who participated in the programme once had a 16.3% higher knowledge on ecological concepts and knew, on average, 1.5 more local forest plants than students who never attended it (p<.001). Findings suggest that the inclusion of participatory environmental education programmes in preparatory schools would improve the acquisition of ecological knowledge. Further research could consider the consistency of the findings by replicating participatory methods presented here and by using an experimental research design.     

Stepping Inside an English Classroom: Investigating the Everyday Experiences of an English Teacher

This essay presents an English teacher’s inquiry into her professional practice in an institutional setting that is heavily regulated by standards-based reforms. Rather than something external to her, she sees those reforms as part of an internal conflict that affects her capacity to be fully responsive to her students. In dialogue with a colleague, she writes stories that reaffirm the deeply relational character of her work, both as an ethically responsive stance and as a means to understand the socially mediated character of her everyday world. She attempts to find alternative ways of seeing and accounting for her work than the reified mentality of standards-based reforms, positing a world that is relational, rather than compartmentalised, where our chief responsibility as teachers is to cultivate a sensitivity towards others around us, rather than continually being compelled to classify and judge them.     

Mainstreaming: the genesis of an idea

The origins of the mainstreaming movement are explored. Problems of definition are discussed and followed by a delineation of three major forces which induced the genesis of main‐streaming. The first is research based evidence dealing with the rationale for special classes, the efficacy of special class placement, philosophical attacks on special classes, the issues of labeling and classification, and criticisms from minority groups. Litigation which challenged long established practice is considered as the second major force. Court cases dealing with the right to education, assessment procedures, appropriate educational placement, and due process are reviewed. Finally, legislative mandates are a third force considered as bringing change to special education. Specifically, the ramifications of PL 94‐142 are explored. The analysis of antecedent events is considered important for appreciating the past, understanding the present, and aiding future planning.     

关于创业教育的思考

创业教育应当成为高等教育的首要目标之一.推行创业教育需要学校转变传统的教育观念,需要把创业教育和专业知识相结合,需要注重创业实践能力的培养.     

论编辑的"四个意识"

我国的出版事业与西方资本主义国家的出版事业有着本质区别,它是中国共产党领导的、社会主义事业的一个有机组成部分.社会主义出版事业的这一性质直接决定了从事出版工作的编辑人员具有自己特定的要求.文章根据我国出版实际情况,从政治意识、市场意识等四个方面对编辑人员所应具有的意识进行了详细的阐述.     

Sailing the Seas on an Even Keel

The Lord has declared to the Hindus, in the incarnation of Krishna, “I am in every religion, as the thread through a string of pearls.”     

On the stability of an ENSO model

The system of equation discussed in this paper is a model that describes the phenomena of El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The stability of this model is studied with the method of stratification theory. A necessary and sufficient condition to justify whether an initial (boundary) problem is well posed or not is also obtained.