The development of a criterion‐referenced profile: the Hertfordshire English Project

Many developments in profiling are taking place at present and a considerable number use a criterion‐referenced assessment model. This study reports the experiences of a local curriculum development project which has developed an English course and summative profile for lower‐attaining pupils. The way in which criterion‐referenced assessment was incorporated into the development of the profile is described, together with the results of a small‐scale survey of teachers’ views of the use of such a profile. Key issues for those developing such profiles in English and other subjects are identified.     

The management of inter‐disciplinary teaching teams developing a Combined Arts Project

Teaching teams were established in five comprehensive secondary schools to initiate a Combined Arts Project. We report studies undertaken in the schools to identify the organizational problems encountered by the teams. Information is provided about the responsibilities of the teams, the commitment, relationships and use of team members, decision‐making and communication, and leadership and organization. Our findings are set in a theoretical framework relating to the organization of groups within schools seeking to engage in curriculum innovation.     

The OECD‐ENSI Project and its Relevance for Teacher Training Concepts in Environmental Education

This article presents an account of the Environment and School Initiatives (ENSI) project. The philosophical basis of the project is outlined, and case studies from within the project provided as a basis for a consideration of some current issues in the field. It is concluded that one of the distinctive features of the ENSI project is its encouragement of praxiological, action research‐based approaches to curriculum and professional development. The case studies of ENSI activities suggest that some of the more conventionally prescribed characteristics such as agreed sets of goals and professional competencies might need to be revisited.     

The EHE‐EMSAT Project: the development of awareness of electronic mail among student teachers

ABSTRACT

This paper reports the results of a one‐year project designed to develop the awareness of 291 student teachers in the area of electronic mail (e‐mail). The project was successful in increasing the active use of e‐mail and the general awareness of students: the number of active users rose from 17 to 33%, and the number of those able to explain e‐mail to a colleague rose from 12 to 45%. Case study material is presented to illustrate the conditions under which the development of e‐mail flourished with one particular group of modern languages student teachers. Conclusions are drawn concerning the utility of the cascade model of curriculum development in extending electronic communication.     

1980\81学年苏联中等专业教育发展数

中等专业学校在第十个五年计划期间培养了610万具有中等专业教育程度的专家。1980/81学年初计有4,383所中等专业学校,其中日课制4,134所,夜课制205所,函授制44所。五年间开办了81所中等专业学校。 中专学生1980年为461.16万人(1975年为452.48万人)。在日课部学习的有289.36万人,即占总名额的62.7％(1975年为     

The Million Book Project at Bibliotheca Alexandrina

INTRODUCTION The Bibliotheca Alexandrina (BA) has develop- ed a workflow for turning printed books into digital books. The process starts with selection of books to be digitized, which is done mainly by BA’s Library Service Department. Books metadata is entered into the Digital Lab database. Metadata entry is followed by three core phases: scanning phase, in which the digital copy is generated; processing phase, in which image enhancement is performed; and OCR phase, in which text i…     

The critic‐judge system

Researchers in literary theory, linguistic pragmatics, and rhetoric have identified three principal communicative functions of irony: (1) to give emphasis or reinforcement to the values of a friendly listener, (2) to attack or ridicule the values of an hostile or unsuspecting listener, and (3) to undermine an opponent's intellectual position. This essay goes further by (7) arguing that a process called the “foregrounding of norms” is crucial to ironic comprehension and (2) arguing that differences among these three ironic outcomes owe to differences in the target audience's personal relation to these norms as well as to the type of norms foregrounded.     

The liberal arts‐necessary

Edward R. Murrow's documentary series See It Now's “Report on Senator McCarthy” is a telecast that stands as one of the most influential documents in American public discourse. It is also one of the least understood. The standard response has been to label the program as “flawed” because it was not “objective.” This essay argues that the text situates itself between the genre of objective news documentary and the genre of public argument through the ironic “use” of objectivity as a fabricated strategy of appeal.     

The Australian National Chinese Japanese and Korean Project

Providing access to Asian-language meterials has always been a problem for libraries. There are particular difficulties in acquiring Asian materials, in cataloguing them and providing access, and in incorporating them in library system. There is however, an urgent and growing need for     

The Role of Language‐level in Conservation‐acquisition

Remmo Hamel, B. & de Witt, S. (1971). The Role of Language‐level in Conservation‐acquisition. Scand. J. educ. Res. 13‐20. The experiment investigates the role of language‐level and different types of training procedures on the acquisition of conservation of liquids. The results corroborate earlier findings that different types of training have no differential effects on conservation‐acquisition, and indicate that language‐level plays a significant role in conservation‐acquisition. The Piagetian conception of the role of language has been questioned. However, the learned conservation concept does not generalize to other situations. The results arc interpreted in terms of conditioning.