大学生在新型社交媒体上的慈善捐赠行为探究——基于社会热点事件视角

"罗尔事件"使得新型社交媒体上大学生的慈善捐赠行为备受关注。结果显示:不同性别和政治面貌的大学生在新型社交媒体上慈善捐赠的行为具有显著差异;在新型社交媒体上大学生的慈善捐赠行为具有注重自主自愿、捐赠数额小、不定期激情捐赠为主、捐赠主体意识有待提升、负面捐赠事件尚未影响信心等特点。要想提升大学生的慈善意识,应从加强感恩教育、注重宣传媒介、拓宽参与途径、注重慈善项目认知四大方面着手。     

企业慈善捐赠行为及其驱动力由外转内的探讨——以汶川地震捐赠行为为例

分析我国企业在汶川地震中慷慨解囊、捐赠-宣传-获利、"吝啬"、跟风等慈善捐赠行为,提出企业慈善捐赠驱动力由外转内的机理。认为我国企业在内外驱动力转化过程中存在:缺乏公正合理的慈善信息披露机制,缺乏引导且服务于企业慈善捐赠的专门政府组织,大多数企业视慈善捐赠为短期投机行为,公众舆论带有强烈的个人主观情感而缺乏理性思考等问题。对如何使企业捐赠行为驱动力由外驱动力为主转化为以内驱动力为主这一问题,提出建立科学合理的信息披露机制,设立专门的政府组织,转变企业慈善观念且促进慈善捐赠良性循环等建议。     

汶川地震后捐款从众现象分析

把宏观层次的社会结构与微观层次的个体心理状态联系起来分析汶川地震后捐款从众现象,指出了社会结构怎样作用于人们的心理、影响了人们的行为。从众是震后捐款不可忽视的现象。其既是当前社会秩序和社会结构安排的结果,也是我们传统慈善文化和善的等级化的体现,并在大众媒体的刺激、示范与压力下得到了最大程度的扩展。通过从众反思我们的慈善行为,笔者倡导的就是在现代慈善意识浸润下的"常态"慈善。     

声誉机制、信息基础与我国慈善组织规制优化

《慈善法》的出台放宽了慈善组织登记条件,预期慈善组织的数量会大幅增加。如何规范慈善组织行为,引导慈善事业的有序发展,是监管面临的巨大挑战。以"监管权力分配为中心"的制度设计,囿于执法负荷压力、执法资源限制和执法者激励的缺乏,难以实现监管目标。声誉机制通过将监管权力随机赋予不特定的主体,产生对慈善组织的威慑和激励,可以降低监管成本、提高监管效率。有效的信息是声誉机制产生作用的基础,通过完善信息披露制度、建立多元化的信用评级体系以及建设依托大数据技术采集行为数据的系统,搭建以"构筑信息基础"为中心的制度框架,充分发挥声誉机制的作用,实现节省制度资源、优化我国慈善组织规制质效的目标。     

《读者俱乐部》话题预告

2015年第4期:说"炫""炫"在当今是个高频词,前几年的"炫富"曾引发国人大范围的争论,后来陈光标的高调"炫慈善"又让人对"慈善"重新认识。如今,"炫"更是遍及普通人的生活,在微博、微信等平台时见众人"炫美食""炫幸福""炫友情""炫奋斗""炫成绩"……网上流传甚广的学霸"炫"错题     

视窗

免费午餐:撬动官民合作的慈善奇迹民间探索、政府接力,"免费午餐"为处在纷乱之中的公益界提供了一个新的样本。"免费午餐"的奇迹让世人相信,我们这个民族其实一点也不缺乏爱心。当慈善与公共政策相对接的时候,它的意义便超出     

论传统社会慈善事业的思想基础

在传统中国,慈善行为和慈善事业之所以长盛不衰,自有其坚实的思想基础.仁爱同情与慈悲为怀是中国传统慈善行为和事业的情感动力,积善成德与见义勇为是慈善行为和事业的理性基础和道德实践,而福善祸淫与善恶有报则是传统慈善行为的普遍价值信念和赏罚机制,三者一起构成了中国传统社会慈善行为和事业的思想基础.在当前我们努力推动慈善事业发展的时候,批判继承中国传统慈善思想的合理因素,有助于推动现代慈善事业的进步.     

珍视慈善事业的公信力

慈善组织是非营利性组织．慈善组织的自身建设以及政府与媒体的职能,直接影响到慈善事业的发展。慈善者的慈善行为追求的是精神满足。这一特点使慈善行为极易受到对恩善组织主观印象的影响。慈善组织内部的廉洁与否,慈善组织成员的社会声誉,会极大地影响捐赠者的精神满足程度,即影响慈善品的效周,从而极大地影响慈善行为。为了促进中国慈善事业的发展,在当前,最重要的就是要努力提高慈善组织的公信力,使公众信任慈善组织,能够放心地把钱物交给慈善组织。     

论现代中国企业慈善行为的优化

现代中国企业为中国慈善事业作出了巨大贡献,但这种慈善行为仍然存在某些方面的缺失。企业应从内部和外部双向优化其慈善行为,一方面,通过提高企业的社会责任感、营造鼓励企业慈善行为的社会氛围和健全企业主动进行慈善行为的激励机制,来激发现代中国企业的慈善行为;另一方面,应树立现代中国企业应有的慈善理念和慈善态度。     

“百草缘”慈善基金会携手小溪流杂志社走进上海务工子第学校

近日,"百草缘"慈善基金会携手小溪流杂志社走进了位于上海青浦区的务工子弟学校——胜利小学,开展阅读与写作交流活动。活动由"童话阅读"专题讲座、"一日小编辑"两     

Giving Till it Helps? Alumnae Giving and Children’s College Options

This paper examines whether donations to colleges and universities are partly motivated by the desire of alumni to increase their children’s admissions probabilities. The paper uses data from a single-sex college, so that only alums with a daughter would evince this motive. We find that alums with a teenage daughter, as opposed to a teenage son, are more likely to make donations of at least $5,000. The same relationship is not evident for smaller donations, or when children are older than 18. Further, we find evidence that this difference in the probability of a donation by alums with teenage daughters and teenage sons does not exist when acceptance rates are higher in an earlier period.     

The impact of athletic performance on alumni giving: An analysis of microdata

An ongoing controversy in the literature on the economics of higher education centers on whether the success of a school’s athletic program affects alumni donations. This paper uses a unique data set to investigate this issue. The data contain detailed information about donations made by alumni of a selective research university as well as a variety of their economic and demographic characteristics. One important question is how to characterize the success of an athletic program. We focus not only on the performance of the most visible teams, football and basketball, but also on the success of the team on which he or she played as an undergraduate.     

改革开放以来晋江侨捐流向分析

改革开放以来,晋江侨捐增长迅速。侨捐在行业分布上主要集中于文化教育领域,地域分布上主要集中于重点侨乡。历史考察,侨捐流向基本遵循以上规律,但随着社会发展也呈现出若干新特点。整体而言,当前晋江侨捐流向比较合理,但仍需积极引导,以使侨捐发挥最大的经济效益和社会效益。     

The role of fantasy figures in the regulation of young children's behavior: Santa Claus,the Easter Bunny,and donations

The present study examined the influence of Santa Claus and the Easter Bunny on children's donations near the Easter season. Kindergarten and first-grade children were asked to tell stories about Santa Claus, the Easter Bunny, or pets, for which they received nine pieces of gum. They were then encouraged to donate any amount of their gum to handicapped children. Main effects were found only for grade, with first-grade children donating significantly more than kindergarten children. In addition, a significant interaction was obtained between grade and type of story elicited from the child. This interaction revealed that for kindergarten children, the type of story failed to influence donations, whereas for first-grade children, stories referring to Santa Claus increased donations relative to stories told about the Easter Bunny or pets.     

面向捐赠本身:博克的捐赠观及启示

接受捐赠是大学找到的一个重要财源,来资助教学与科研,但某些捐赠也很有可能威胁着大学的独立与学术的自由,博克曾对捐赠的接受问题提出了独到的见解。本文总结了博克关于捐赠问题的见解,包括捐赠与学术自由、捐赠的来源及如何对待捐赠者的问题等等,并针对博克关于捐赠的论述还提出一些认识与思考。     

协调·和谐·发展:科学发展观视角下的慈善事业——以海外乡亲对广东省的捐赠为个案研究

慈善事业是中国特色社会保障体系的有机组成部分,慈善捐赠是慈善事业的重要内容,而华侨华人、港澳同胞的捐赠占我国慈善捐赠的绝大部分,并且发挥着极其重要的作用。目前,学术界对慈善事业的研究要么理论性太强,缺乏史实的支撑,要么完全是对史实的重现与整合,缺乏理论的架构。对海外乡亲捐赠的研究尤其如此。基于此种状况,本文以海外乡亲对广东省的捐赠为个案,以科学发展观为理论架构,探讨改革开放以来海外乡亲捐赠的基本理念与制度安排,并分析海外乡亲捐赠的未来路向,为我国的慈善捐赠事业提供政策导向。     

抗战时期的湖南募捐

抗战时期,湖南人民积极开展募捐活动,慷慨解囊。募捐的主要形式有献机运动、征募寒衣、义卖、献金、出钱劳军等,并表现出形式多样、范围广泛、组织有方、数额巨大等特点。湖南的募捐,鼓舞了抗日将士的士气,有力地支持了全国的抗战。     

试论慈善捐赠的主体间性

在西方,基督教义下的慈善捐赠重视人的价值,经历了由传统的物质捐赠到服务捐赠再到以组织为依托的专业捐赠的过程,构建了捐赠者与受赠者互为主体的捐赠格局和理念。主体间性的慈善捐赠尊重捐赠者与受赠者双方的权利与义务,双方互为主体。在全民慈善总动员的时代背景下,对主体间性慈善捐赠的研究,既能够促进慈善理论的丰富和慈善文化的发展,又能够在实践上用来指导慈善事业运作,促进慈善事业的发展。     

马里兰大学及美国高校的捐赠工作

介绍了对美国教育体制的感性认识和美国的教育捐赠;指出了马里兰大学的捐赠工作及校友工作对江南大学开展相关工作有很大的启示和帮助。     

Body Donation after Medically Assisted Death: An Emerging Consideration for Donor Programs

Around the world, the recent introduction of assisted death laws has meant that undertaking medical assistance in dying (MAID) is now an option for some persons wishing to end their life. Some of these people donate their bodies to medical science, and by doing so have created a new route from which donor programs can now receive bodies. Such donations have also illuminated a myriad of novel ethical questions. This article considers the emotive and controversial topic of MAID in relation to body donation, describing the experiences of McMaster University, Canada, where several MAID body donors have been received by the anatomical donor program. It provides background on the development and implementation of MAID in Canada, and describes the experience of staff and students at McMaster to MAID donations. It also explores the relevance of MAID to body donation programs, and discusses several of the ethical challenges facing body donation programs who may encounter MAID body donors. These include the appropriateness of accepting MAID donors, issues with informed consent, the effect of personal engagement with MAID donors, information sharing around MAID donations, governance issues, and negative historical parallels between MAID and euthanasia. Suggestions on how to manage MAID body donation focus on how issues affecting institutions, faculty, and students may be approached utilizing appropriate transparency and communication, some of which may facilitate student professional development around the topic of MAID. It is also suggested that the development of ethically appropriate guidelines on MAID body donations may positively guide the anatomical community.