分光光度法测定北虫草提取物中多糖的含量

目的:建立北虫草提取物中多糖的含量测定方法.方法:采用将多糖水解成单糖,经与显色剂3,5-二硝基水杨酸试液显色后,在520nm处测定吸收度的分光光度法.结果:虫草多糖在0.0006mg～0.030mg范围内时与吸收值有良好的线性关系,R=0.9992,平均加样回收率为99.54％,回收率的RDS为0.63％(n=11).结论:该方法操作简便、灵敏、准确、重现性好,适用于虫草多糖的质量控制.目前国内的北虫草人工养殖规模不断加大,北虫草子实体及北虫草培养基中含有多种生理活性物质,其中的虫草多糖是含量最高的,可以占到总干重量的3％～8％[1],虫草多糖具有提高免疫功能、抗肿瘤、抗衰老、降血糖、抗放射、保护肾脏、抗病毒、降血脂、抗动脉粥样硬化、保肝、耐缺氧等作用[2][3].北虫草提取物是以人工栽培的北虫草子实体及北虫草培养基为原料,经水提-醇沉工艺生产所得,为有效控制北虫草提取物的质量,采用分光光度法对北虫草提取物中多糖的含量进行了测定.     

不同产地的五指山参多糖含量的分析

目的:建立五指山参中多糖的含量测量方法,分析比较不同产地的五指山参多糖含量差异。方法:采用水提醇沉法提取五指山参中的多糖,利用苯酚-硫酸法测量五指山参中多糖的含量。结果:不同产地五指山参中多糖含量相差较大,最高为海南五指山参9.32%,最低为四川五指山参3.77%,平均回收率为99.13%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为RSD=1.518%(n=6)。结论:该测量方法简单、准确、真实,可用于测量五指山参中多糖含量。不同产地五指山参中多糖含量均存在明显差异。     

瓜蒌薤白中多糖含量测定

从瓜蒌薤白中提取多糖,并测定其含量。方法:水提醇沉法提取瓜蒌薤白中多糖。以葡萄糖为对照品,硫酸……苯酚法在490nm处进行含量测定。结果:标准曲线回归方程为A=7.2289C……0.0181,r=0.9955,瓜蒌薤白中多糖含量为7.14%,平均回收率94.5%,R SD=2.14%。结论:瓜蒌薤白中多糖含量较高,该方法简便可靠,精密度好,可用于瓜蒌薤白中多糖的含量测定。     

正交试验设计优选茜草中茜草多糖最佳提取工艺

目的:优化在茜草中提取茜草多糖的最佳工艺条件。方法:以茜草多糖的含量为指标,提取时间、提取温度、料液比为因素,利用正交试验法进行实验设计,对提取茜草多糖的工艺进行优化研究。结果:茜草多糖提取的最佳工艺条件为:提取时间1.5h,提取温度100℃,料液比1:10。结论 :本实验为大规模工业生产中用提取茜草多糖的工艺提供了依据。     

响应面优化一点红多糖酶提取工艺综述

目的:通过查阅大量文献资料,了解到一点红具有广泛的研究价值,近年来一点红在黄酮、生物碱类、酚类等方面都有研究成果,但在多糖方面的研究不多。方法:多糖主要提取方法有:热水浸提法、超声波辅助提取法、酶解法、和酶解法结合热水浸提法等。预期结果:研究拟采用酶解法提取一点红多糖,通过单因素变量考察、响应面法优化和方差分析得到最佳提取方案,用HPLC测定一点红多糖含量,为一点红多糖的后继研究提供参考。     

刺五加总苷片的质量标准研究

目的建立刺五加总苷片的片剂的质量控制方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法来测定刺五加总苷片中的丁香苷的含量,并对该制剂的质量标准进行研究。结果本实验采用HPLC法来测定该片剂中的丁香苷的含量,精密度、稳定性、重现性良好,回收率为99.2%,RSD为0.71%(n=6)。结论本实验所建立的质量标准研究稳定、可靠、重复性强,可有效的控制刺五加总苷片的质量。     

紫苏叶多糖对力竭游泳所致运动性疲劳小鼠的保护作用

目的:研究紫苏叶多糖对力竭游泳所致运动性疲劳小鼠的保护作用,阐明紫苏叶多糖抗运动性疲劳的作用。方法:建立小鼠力竭游泳模型,并测定应用紫苏叶多糖后小鼠达到力竭所需的时间以及肌糖元、肝糖原、血糖等指标。结果:紫苏叶多糖能明显提高运动后大鼠体内肝糖原、肌糖原等指标。结论:应用紫苏叶多糖有利于加速清除某些导致疲劳代谢物质,维持细胞的正常生理功能,延缓疲劳的发生,加快疲劳的恢复。     

彝药双參多糖的含量测定

目的研究彝族药双參中多糖含量的测定方法。方法以葡萄糖为对照,以苯酚-浓硫酸为显色剂,采用分光光度法于波长488nm处测定多糖含量。结果葡萄糖在20~120ug/ml范围内线性关系良好,线性回归方程为A=0.0075c+0.0197,r=0.999 6,平均回收率为100.87%,RSD为2.15%(n=9)。测得双參中多糖含量为25.82%~41.24%。结论表明双参中多糖含量较高,具有开发利用价值。     

灵芝多糖的含量测定

为了测定灵芝多糖的含量,采用苯酚-浓硫酸法提取多糖,测定灵芝多糖含量为2.18%.该方法简便可靠,适合于灵芝中多糖含量测定.     

山药中多糖的含量测定方法学研究

目的:建立山药中多糖含量的测定方法,测定并比较不同产地山药中多糖的含量。方法:采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定山药中多糖的含量,苯酚-硫酸法显色,显色条件:苯酚浓度:5%;苯酚用量:1m L;硫酸用量:7m L;温度:40℃;时间:15min;测定波长:490nm。结果:葡萄糖浓度在10.07~100.7μg/ml范围内呈良好线性关系,r=0.9995,重复性RSD=1.1%(n=6),平均回收率98.5%,RSD=1.2%(n=6)。结论:本法简便、准确、重复性好,适用于山药中多糖的含量测定,且测得不同产地的山药中多糖的含量存在较大差异。     

南药巴戟天多糖提取方法的比较研究

以巴戟天(Morinda Offcinalis)为原料，运用多种理化方法，提取巴戟天粗多糖，经红外吸收光谱、紫外吸收光谱的比较和鉴定确认提取物中有多糖特征吸收．测定粗多糖中多糖、蛋白质组成物质的含量，以多糖的纯度和提取率为主要指标，对提取方法予以比较，结果表明蒸馏水处理为较理想的提取方法．     

Antioxidant and anti-dyslipidemic effects of polysaccharidic extract from sea cucumber processing liquor

BackgroundSea cucumber is a seafood of high nutritional value. During its processing, sea cucumber processing liquor is routinely produced, which is usually discarded as waste. The chemical composition of this processing liquor is similar to sea cucumbers themselves. Hence, valuable ingredients, such as functional polysaccharides, could be obtained from them.ResultsBiologically active polysaccharides from sea cucumber processing liquor were extracted through protease hydrolysis and electroosmosis. The analysis revealed that the polysaccharide extract from sea cucumber processing liquor (PESCPL) is predominantly composed of mannose, in addition to some glucose and fucose. The antioxidant activity of PESCPL was analyzed using in vitro. It was demonstrated that PESCPL could effectively scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and superoxide anion radicals. The effect of PESCPL was investigated in vivo by using mice model fed with high-fat diets with/without PESCPL supplement. It was shown that PESCPL could increase the catalase and superoxide dismutase activity in the serum and decrease serum malonaldehyde content. Furthermore, mice fed with PESCPL diet showed a considerable decrease in the serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels and an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.ConclusionsOur research highlights that PESCPL is a natural antioxidant and could be utilized as a therapeutic supplement for dyslipidemia.     

Evaluation of hypoglycemic and antioxidant effect of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Ocimum sanctum</Emphasis>

Ocimum sanctum leaves have been traditionally used in treatment of diabetes mellitus. Dietary supplementation of fresh tulsi leaves in a dose of 2 gm/kg BW for 30 days led to significant lowering of blood glucose levels in test group. Intake ofOcimum sanctum also led to significant increase in levels of superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione and total thiols, but marked reduction in peroxiodised lipid levels as compared to untreated control group. The leaves were found to possess both superoxide and hydroxyl free radical scavenging action. The present observations establish the efficacy ofOcimum sanctum leaves in lowering blood glucose levels and antioxidant property appears to be predominantly responsible for hypoglycemic effect.     

高效液相色谱法测定氨苄西林胶囊的含量

目的:用高效液相色谱法测定氨苄西林胶囊的含量。方法:采用Diamond ODS C18柱(150×4.6mm,5um);流动相A为12%醋酸溶液-0.2mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液-乙腈-水(0.5:50:50:900)流动相B为12%醋酸溶液-0.2mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液-乙腈-水(0.5:50:400:550),以流动相A-流动相B(85:15)为流动相;流速1.0ml/min;检测波长254nm;柱温40℃。结果:氨苄西林的线性范围为7.382～366.4μg/ml,r=0.9996,回收率为98.74%(RSD=0.6%)。结论:本法方便、快速、准确,可用于氨苄西林胶囊的质量控制。     

Antioxidant Activities of Hydroalcoholic Extract of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ocimum sanctum</Emphasis> Against Cadmium Induced Toxicity in Rats

The present study was undertaken to analyze the antioxidant (both enzymic and nonenzymic) activities of leaves of Ocimum sanctum hydroalcoholic extract against cadmium induced damage in albino rats. Oral administration of cadmium as CdCl₂ (6.0 mg/kg body weight) led to significant elevation of lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels and significantly decreased Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), Reduced Glutathione (GSH) and Vitamin C (Ascorbate) levels. Administration of Ocimum sanctum extract (100 mg/kg body weight, po) and (200 mg/kg body weight, po) before and after cadmium intoxication showed a significant decrease in LPO levels and significant increase in SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH and Ascorbate levels. The results suggest that oral administration of Ocimum sanctum extract provides significant protection against cadmium induced toxicity in Wistar albino rats.     

Hypoglycaemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties of tulsi (Ocimum sanctum linn) on streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats

Effect of oral administration of 200 mg/Kg body weight of the aqueous extract ofOcimum sanctum (Tulsi) mixed with diet for eight weeks to diabetic (streptozotocin induced) rats was studied. There was significant reduction in fasting blood glucose, serum lipid profile, lipid peroxidation products, (LPO) and improvement in glucose tolerance. The aqueous extract also decreased LPO formation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances TBARS) and increased antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione transferase (GT) and one antioxidant reduced glutathione (GSH) in plasma and rat liver, lung, kidney and brain. The decrease in TBARS and increase in GSH, SOD, CAT, GPX, and GT clearly shows the antioxidant property ofOcimum sanctum.     

Radioprotective effects of ocimum flavonoids on leukocyte oxidants and antioxidants in oral cancer

Oxidants (NADPH oxidase and myeloperoxidase) and antioxidants (GSH,GSH peroxidase, SOD and glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase, that provides NADPH for antioxidants) were assayed in the neutrophils from oral cancer patients, in three stages viz, baseline samples,15 days after radiation and 30 days following radiation. These samples were obtained from 2 groups of patients. Group A that received radiation alone and Group B that received radiation and ocimum flavonoids,a radioprotector. The results showed a significant fall in the SOD levels in the second follow up of group B.Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase showed significant increase only in the first follow up of patients who received Ocimum flavonoids. Except for these findings all other parameters remained statistically nonsignificant.     

Effect of ocimum flavonoids as a radioprotector on the erythrocyte antioxidants in oral cancer

Flavonoids extracted from the leaves of Indian holy basil, Ocimum sanctum showed promising results as radioprotector in rodents. Hence it was thought pertinent to analyze the antioxidants of erythrocytes in oral cancer patients who were concurrently treated with radiation and ocimum flavonoids. Oral cancer patients consisted of 2 groups. Group A (n=17) received radiation alone while Group B(n=17) received radiation and ocimum flavonoids(OF). Samples of heparinised blood were collected prior to treatment, 15 and 30 days respectively after treatment. Blood from normal healthy volunteers were taken as controls (n=25). Erythrocytes were analyzed for the antioxidants viz. glutathione, glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase by the standard methods. Results of analysis indicated that erythrocytes from cancer patients (Group A and B) had significantly high glutathione levels before as well as after treatment compared to controls. It was observed that Group B which received OF showed a significant reduction in glutathione levels in comparison with Group A. All the other parameters showed no statistical significant changes. Results of the study suggest that erythrocytes from cancer patients responded to oxidative stress by elevating glutathione levels, while a decrease in glutathione levels observed in Group B, could be due to the free radical scavenging effect of OF, sparing the glutathione. However OF did not seem to exert its effect on other antioxidants of erythrocytes.     

广西产十种有毒中药急性毒性实验研究

目的:观测小鼠依次口服大剂量曼陀罗、闹羊花、马钱子、斑蝥等10种广西产有毒中药的半数致死量,以评价其安全性。方法:每种中药在死亡率0%(Dn)和100%(Dm)范围内确定5～7个给药剂量,每个剂量组用20只小鼠进行观察7天,用Bliss法计算出半数致死量(LD50)等数据。结果:从半数致死量看,半夏的毒性在所有10种受试中药中最低;斑蝥毒性最高。毒性大小顺序为:斑蝥>蟾酥>马钱子>曼陀罗>闹羊花>木鳖子>山豆根>蛇床子>木通>半夏。结论:①多数受试有毒中药与药典标注的毒性程度基本相符;②根据不同毒性中药的半数致死量,可为中毒案件的侦破和定论提供科学的依据。     

HPLC法测定叶黄素越橘软胶囊中的叶黄素含量

目的：建立叶黄素越橘软胶囊中叶黄素含量的测定方法。方法：采用高效液相色谱法。色谱柱：wondasilTMC18（5um4.6×250mm）;流动相：乙腈-二氯甲烷-甲醇（85：10：5）;流速：0.8 mL/min;检测波长：446nm。结果：叶黄素越橘软胶囊中的叶黄素含量在1.78906μg/ml~8.9453μg/ml范围内浓度与峰面积的线性良好（r=0.9995）,平均加标回收率为99.16%,RSD为0.84%。结论：所建立的方法简便,准确,重现性好,符合食品理化检验的要求。