KANT'S CONCEPTION OF RESPECT AND AFRICAN AMERICAN EDUCATION RIGHTS

Immanuel Kant envisioned a kind of respect in which one recognizes each human (1) as being not fully comprehensible by any human understanding, (2) as being an end in him‐ or herself, and (3) as being a potential source of moral law. In this essay, Gregory Lewis Bynum uses this conception of respect as a lens with which to examine African American education rights on three levels: the individual level (the level of individual persons' moral experience and moral significance), the community level (the level of the formation and sustaining of social groups that have value for humanity), and the global level (the level of a universal community of humanity). Bynum's goal in this examination is to strengthen our practical understanding of African Americans' right to education defined, in accordance with international human rights documents, as the right to an education that supports the full development of the human personality in a manner that respects students' “cultural identity, language, and values.”     

CORRELATES AND PREDICTORS OF ACADEMIC SELF EFFICACY AMONG AFRICAN AMERICAN STUDENTS

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between academic self efficacy, ethnic identity and spirituality in African American STEM students. We hypothesize that there will be a significant relationship between three dimensions of spirituality and outcome expectations in African American STEM students and that there will be a significant relationship between outcome expectations and ethnic identity. 165 African American undergraduates in STEM disciplines enrolled at a historically-black university comprised the target population for this study. A regression and correlation analysis revealed that one dimension of religiosity was significantly related to and predicted academic outcome expectations among African American STEM students.     

中国现当代小说对欧美文学思潮的吸纳与剥离

"五四"以来的中国现当代小说对欧美文学思潮的借鉴是积极的、主动地吸纳,"有意味地模仿"。文学作品中隐含的国家民族主义的权力话语欲望,使西方文学中作为主体的个性意识在中国现当代小说中被民族意识所遮蔽,现实主义成为主要思潮。对西方现代主义的借鉴,是现当代小说现实主义主潮中的一种变奏,它的消长起伏隐喻着独特的民族文化和现代意识。欧美文学思潮渗入的阶段性特征,展示着20世纪中国文学在开放语境中的自我丰富与文化断裂。