Careers guidance services within the European Community: contrasts and common trends

The main features of the guidance systems for young people aged 14–25 in the Member-States of the European Community are outlined. A number of important differences are analysed: in terms of the main location of guidance services, the focus of such services, the range of guidance activities, the structure of financing, and the professional identity of those occupying guidance roles. At the same time, three common trends are identified which have a general if not universal validity across the Member-States: the view of educational and vocational guidance as a continuous process; the emergence of a more open professional model; and the greater emphasis on the individual as an active agent, rather than as a passive recipient, within the guidance process.     

高校职业指导工作任重而道远

我国高校职业指导虽然发展很快，但目前还仅停留在毕业环节的择业指导上，而没有把它看成是一个贯穿大学教育的整体过程。纵观职业指导的发展历史，职业指导应该从注重对学生进行毕业时的谋职指导，转移到注重促进学生的成长与发展上，这样，培养的学生才能拥有更为广阔的发展空间。因此，对于高校来说，做好职业指导工作还需一定的努力。     

The single European market and its implications for educational and vocational guidance services

The formation of the Single European Market is the culmination of a series of changes designed to form an economic community in Western Europe. It is designed to encourage the free movement of goods, persons, services and capital. The result is likely to be much higher levels of personal mobility, both educational and occupational. The main obstacles towards freedom of movement are non-recognition of qualifications and inadequate mastery of foreign languages. Various steps are being taken by the European Commission to overcome these obstacles and to promote mobility. These developments have major implications for educational and vocational guidance services. In particular, there is a need for extended information on educational and occupational opportunities across the European Community. There is also a need for improved support services for those who move across national boundaries. This is further likely to raise expectations for guidance services in countries where they are currently ill-developed. Initiatives to date in response to these challenges include European-level reports on the state of guidance services, action programmes designed to encourage innovation in guidance practice, and the establishment of a new European association for those involved in student guidance.University of Cambridge Careers Service     

高职院校职业指导工作存在的问题与对策

现行高职职业指导工作缺乏系统性和可操作性,与学校教育缺乏有效融合,使学校教育与职业岗位相脱节等,主要是因为高职院校对职业指导认识不够,大部分高职职业指导只停留在就业指导上。因此,要从各方面加强高职职业指导工作。     

谈职业指导课程的内容

职业学校开设职业指导课，全面、深入、系统地对学生进行职业指导，是我国教育体制和劳动就业制度改革的必然要求，是职业教育面临的一项紧迫任务，也是当前贯彻落实素质教育的重要举措。     

积极开展就业指导 提高大学生就业适应能力

高校毕业生就业工作是高等教育的重要环节,是高等学校面向市场开放办学的前沿窗口和阵地。毕业生就业实行"双向选择"的制度,打破了"统包统分"的传统格局。"双向选择"具有自主性、自愿性和多元性的特点,是选择与被选择的关系。高等学校要全面推进教育、教学改革,在为学生成才提供良好客观条件的同时,要积极开展就业指导,不断拓展毕业生就业市场,完善服务体系,激发大学生成才的积极性和自觉性,提高大学生就业适应能力。     

Educational Policy for the Transnational Dominican Community

The increasingly transnational character of many immigrant communities necessitates changes in educational policy. We use the Dominican neighborhoods in New York City as our local case, examining the economic, political, social, cultural, and linguistic evidence of the transnationalism of this community. Many Dominicans maintain close ties to their native country through global networks that facilitate language and cultural maintenance. In spite of discrimination, Dominicans in the United States need to maintain their Spanish and want their children to develop fluent Spanish. Neglecting the language needs of transnational children leads to serious academic and social problems. Enriched bilingual bicultural programs would promote parallel development in both languages, providing cultural as well as linguistic instruction so that students can succeed in either country.     

关于中等职业学校职业指导教育的研究

中等职业学校职业指导教育的目的是为使学生全面了解职业的基本知识（情况），正确地认识其特点，并根据自身实际情况学习专业知识，掌握专业技能，将来更好地从事自己热爱的职业。同时，要进一步明确职业指导教育的指导思想、实施方法和步骤，进一步发挥职业指导教育的“纽带”和“桥梁”作用，以适应中等职业教育深改革的需要。     

浅谈职业学校实习指导

结合专业课理论教学的实际情况,适时开展阶段性的专业实习,提高实践能力,也给学生提供一个走入社会、认识社会、认识自己、评估自己的机会.     

A challenge for vocational guidance in Peru

Previously University Director of Student Welfare and Students' Concerns at that university. Has also worked as Vocational Counsellor and teacher at several universities in Peru. Is interested in psychological research and in vocational and psychological guidance.     

关于职业指导转向职业辅导的思考

我国职业指导起步较晚,了解和借鉴国外的实践经验和理论成果非常重要。国外职业指导自二十世纪初产生以后,在其发展历程中经历了重大的转变,由职业指导向职业生涯辅导发展,这无疑给了我们重要启示。     

中职学校职业指导教师培训的若干问题与对策

依据教育部2008年的一次专项调查,分析了中职学校职业指导教师培训存在的主要问题,提出了对中职学校职业指导教师培训的建议,即:中职学校职业指导教师培训应具有灵活的课程设置和分类指导的培训模式;重视职业指导专业能力的提高;促进中职学校职业指导教师学生观、评价观、师生观的转变;提高中职学校职业指导教师运用多种教学方法的能力.     

Raising the profile of career guidance: educational and vocational guidance practitioner

In 2007 the International Association for Educational and Vocational Guidance (IAEVG) launched the Educational and Vocational Guidance Practitioner credential (EVGP) as one means of formally acknowledging the knowledge, skills, and personal attributes that practitioners need in order to provide quality career development services to clients. This paper describes the foundational background to this initiative and some of the implications for training career practitioners and delivering career services.     

高职高专院校职业指导教师的工作分析

本课题组通过实地调研、人员访谈和问卷调查等方法对高职高专院校职业指导教师的工作标准和工作规范进行了全面分析，并在此基础上制定了高职高专院校职业指导教师的工作说明书。     

中等职业学校职业指导应从何时开始

中等职业学校何时开始对学生进行职业指导？是从入学开始，还是在毕业前进行？从什么时候开始才能达到预期目标？很值得推敲。 一、中等职业学校职业指导面对的学生思想误区 某中等职业学校于１９９９年曾对毕业生作了一次“理想职业取向调查”，调查结果如下表： 从调查情况看，学生的价值取向有些偏离，学生对职业的确定，主要从个人利益、前途和兴趣爱好出发，呈现出从社会价值型向个人价值型转变的趋势。近几年中等职业学校学生就业方面的思想价值观念已发生了很大的变化，然而学生的择业与现实存在许多矛盾，思想上主要表现为：就业观…     

Current trends in vocational guidance in New Zealand

with research interests in applied psychology generally including career decision-making. Formerly lecturer in psychology at Massey University, New Zealand (1976–85), where she was responsible for university courses in vocational psychology.     

职业导向下的高职英语教学模式初探

近年来,高等职业学校的教育问题越来越受到国家的关注和重视,高等职业教育的教育理念是以就业为导向,以培养新型职业人才为教学模式。本文对职业导向下的高职英语教学模式进行分析和探讨,以期能够对日后的高等职业学校开展英语教学有所帮助。     

就业导向下的高职英语教育分析

随着经济全球化的趋势日益加强,社会中英语人才的需要和要求也越来越高,不仅要具有扎实的英语基础知识,还能够熟练的进行英语交流。高职学校作为培养社会人才的基地,就需要加强学生英语能力素质的培养,提高学生的就业竞争力,为社会做出更大的贡献。本文就对就业导向下的高职英语教育进行分析和探究。