内蒙古小学教师成就动机发展特点研究

以内蒙古参加新课程培训的231名小学教师（男77名,女生154名）为被试,采用成就动机量表（AMS）,调查了小学教师成就动机的状况和发展特点。结果表明：在避免失败上存在显著的性别差异,女教师显著高于男教师;不同年龄阶段的小学教师成就动机水平没有显著差异,但26-30岁是小学教师成就动机由积极到消极的分界点;不同任教学科的教师在避免失败上存在显著差异,语文教师的成就动机水平最高,数学教师的成就动机水平最低;不同职称、学历和教龄的小学教师成就动机水平上均没有显著差异。     

A MODEL FOR RACIAL AWARENESS TRAINING OF TEACHERS IN INTEGRATED SCHOOLS

When they graduate I want them to feel, “I went through a real thing, not an approximation of college, but I went through college and that means something!” (Adjunct Instructor)

This article explores the complexity of providing an academically rigorous college education to adult students enrolled in a union-supported worker education program affiliated with a large urban public university. The author examines differences in student and faculty perspectives on academic rigor and considers how students' lack of academic preparation intersects with institutional constraints to impact academic standards. She examines the role of race, ethnicity, class, and gender in determining academic expectations and outcomes and explores the complex and, at times, conflicting relationship between care and academic rigor. She highlights the crucial role of institutional constraints in hindering the implementation of rigorous education for academically under-prepared students. The author argues that high academic standards are an issue of educational equity for working class students of color and are integral to the social justice mission of the worker education program.     

THE UNIONIZATION OF TEACHERS IN TURKEY

The beginnings of teacher unionization in Turkey go back to 1921, before the proclamation of the Turkish Republic. The process of unionization has had to confront two obstacles: on the one hand, the tendency of teachers’ associations and unions to be co‐opted by the ruling party and thus to lose their militancy; on the other hand, the fact that although professional associations may have been permitted to exist by certain Turkish regimes, true unionization, and above all, the right to strike, has been prohibited on the grounds that teachers are civil servants and like all civil servants do not have the right to strike. The latter restriction was most recently confirmed by provisions in the Constitution of 1982. Thus Turkey is the only country in Europe in which teachers do not have the right to form true labour unions and to go on strike.     

SECURING TEACHERS FOR SLUM SCHOOLS

This study examines the beliefs of nine white English-only speaking preservice teachers who tutored English language learners of Mexican origin as part of a university field service requirement. Over the course of a semester, participants were interviewed at length about their own reasons for becoming teachers, their beliefs about the children, and the ways in which race influenced their lives. Participants also were observed tutoring, and their learning journals were analyzed. Through various means of data collection, it became apparent that the good intentions of the participants were consistently undermined by the whiteness and the racism that influenced their beliefs about and behaviors with the children. The researcher consequently decided to intervene in the study, sharing data with participants and encouraging them to see the ways that whiteness and racism influenced their tutoring experience. Critical Race Theory and Critical White Studies together make up the theoretical framework that situates this study.     

听力教师在课堂教学中的作用

本文分析了听力教师在课堂教学中作用的理论依据 ,阐述了听力教师在课堂教学中的作用就是帮助和促进学生提高听力     

教育股份制学校治理结构与机制分析

教育股份制是多种民办教育办学体制中的一种。它是由一个内外治理结构通过相应的内外治理机制来运作的。本文分别对教育股份制学校的内外治理结构以及内外治理机制进行了分析。     

从非营利组织特性分析我国民办学校的产权和治理结构

非营利组织、营利组织和政府组织是三种主要组织形式,每一种组织形式按照特定的机制运行。私立学校大多属于非营利组织。非营利组织有"无所有者"和"非分配约束"两个突出特性。非营利组织的外部治理和内部治理结构分别以社会对非营利组织的信任和管理者对于雇员的信任为基础。依靠这种信任机制,非营利组织可以从外部获得资源,在内部开展复杂程度高的专业性工作。根据私立教育发展的国际经验,我国应该将民办学校区分为营利性学校和非营利性学校,引导民办学校朝非营利组织方向发展,在非营利组织框架内,设计其外部和内部治理结构。     

THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS

Most research into religious education has concentrated upon older children, but this paper reports findings obtained from the teachers of junior (seven to II years old) school children. From the content of religious education lessons and the overall religious sub‐cultures of classroom and school, conclusions are drawn about the religious socialization process of the child. A distinction is made between the child's own religious quest for meaning and the Christian culture which is generally accepted in Britain and taught in school. The child's religion is divided into the cognitive and the emotive while the socialization process is treated as cognitive, explicit and implicit. The general conclusion reached is that religious education lessons do not respond to the child's own cognitive level and are thus likely to confuse, whereas the religious life of classroom and school leads to an emotive affinity with Christianity. Thus ambivalence towards the Christian religion is produced in the child.     

试论《数学课程标准》情感目标的贯彻

基础教育《数学课程标准》中的情感目标如何贯彻落实到数学教学中，是目前基础教育改革必须要下工夫的一个实际问题．针对当前的数学教学实际，本文从三方面进行了探讨．     

BACKGROUND AND TRAINING OF TEACHERS IN JEWISH SCHOOLS: CURRENT STATUS AND LEVERS FOR CHANGE

Abstract

This paper presents a secondary analysis of data from a survey of teachers in the Jewish schools of three communities. Previous findings had shown that only 19% of teachers have professional training in both Jewish content areas and in the field of education, and despite incomplete professional backgrounds, little professional growth was required of teachers. What can be done to enhance and expand professional growth activities for teachers in Jewish schools? Analyses reported in this paper examine three possible “levers” for changing standards for professional growth: state licensing requirements for pre‐schools, state requirements for continuing education among professionally‐trained teachers, and community incentives for training of supplementary school teachers. Results indicate that pre‐school teachers in state‐licensed pre‐schools and supplementary school teachers who were paid for meeting a professional growth standard reported that they were required to attend more in‐service workshops, compared to other teachers who were not subject to these conditions. In addition, standards for the quantity of in‐service were higher among teachers who have stronger Judaic backgrounds and who are committed to a career in Jewish education.     

THEORY AND PRACTICE IN THE EDUCATION OF TEACHERS

This paper reports an investigation into the method described by Hertzig et al. (1968), for measuring the response style of pre‐school children performing cognitive tasks (the Stanford‐Binet Intelligence Test Form L). The inter‐observer reliability of the major variables proposed as parameters of ‘cognitive style’ is examined, as well as their stability over time, and their association with level of test performance.

It was not found possible to record behaviour in adequate detail using the original method of a handwritten protocol so a modified procedure was adopted in which observers classified responses directly by their type and recorded them in code. Using this method, reliability was found to be high. Moreover, over a period of four to six weeks there was substantial consistency in the style of behaviour shown by these children when dealing with test demands.

Since there were ethnic differences in the small sample of children studied (N=32), it was also of interest to discover whether children of immigrant and English‐born parents would show differences in behaviour comparable to the differences between Puerto Rican and middle‐class American children reported by Hertzig et al. Some behavioural differences were found, but these appeared to be wholly a function of differing test performance.

     

THE TEACHING OF ENGLISH LITERATURE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS

The educational needs of mentally handicapped children in the ‘new’ day special schools are examined from three major perspectives. First, as a result of the examination of questionnaires received from headteachers of 88 schools; second as a result of the examination of the skills of 151 mentally handicapped children in 44 of these schools, and third as a result of an examination of questionnaires completed for 52 parents of mentally handicapped children. The results of the investigation highlight the effect of these schools being in the ‘educational wilderness’ until April, 1st, 1971; the low level of achievement in certain social skills, and parental problems and attitudes.     

READING ATTAINMENT IN THE PRIMARY SCHOOLS OF BRIGHTON

Children who are ‘at risk’ of educational handicap, or who are likely to show a poor response to the experience of school require special help and care at the earliest opportunity. In order that the educational system can respond positively to the needs of such children, their early identification is a matter of priority. This may be achieved provided ‘risk’ factors in the child's environment have been established through experiment and that their effects, both singly and in combination, on various educational progress measures have been investigated. The present paper discusses the complex relationships observed between a wide range of conditions, personal and environmental, associated with a large group of children at school entry, and the subsequent educational development of these children three years later on. The analysis locates sub‐groups of children who have made a poor response to school and identifies them using different combinations of school entry factors. The analysis also defines a group of children who are on the whole somewhat above average in ability and attainment, but who nevertheless show a deterioration in their school work owing to emotional or social problems. The implication of these findings for the educational system is briefly discussed.     

RELIGIOUS EDUCATION IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF ONTARIO

What is happening to college students in terms of “the things that matter most,” the goals and purposes apart from which everything else they do loses its point? How are colleges and universities deliberately or indirectly influencing these “values”? These are crucial questions for American education on which some light is cast in the following articles.