美国教师教育项目中教师品性评价的实施

为了培养优秀的教师候选人,美国教师教育项目开展了教师品性评价。该评价贯穿于教师候选人的整个学习和实习期间,旨在使教师候选人的品性在不断的反馈中得到充分发展。美国各高校教师教育项目对教师候选人的成功至关重要的品性评价内容进行界定。评价所使用的方法包括行为检核表、评价量表、访谈和品性反思文章。品性评价的实施涉及教师品性评价介绍课程、签订教师品性评价协议、四次主要评价、不定时的评价和评价结果的应用。教师品性的改进采用发挥教授和导师的模范作用、教师品性研讨会、品性改进课程和PDR-PREP方法等途径。     

美国五年制教师教育项目的经验和启示

作为教师专业化发展的重要途径,近年来美国五年制教师教育项目增长迅速.斯坦福大学和弗吉尼亚大学教师教育项目的成功经验表明,要推动我国五年制教师教育项目的发展,我们就要从改善学生学习的角度出发调整教师教育思路,并能根据高等院校的具体情况采用恰当的教师教育模式.     

教师变量对小学四年级数学成绩的影响:一个增值性研究

以房山区42所小学的1238名四年级学生和42名数学教师为研究对象,以四年级下学期的数学测验成绩为因变量,四年级上学期的数学测验成绩作为协变量加入两水平线性模型中建立基础增值模型.在控制学生背景变量的条件下,考察教师的特征变量、教学方式和教师培训三个方面对小学生四年级数学学业成绩增长的影响.结果显示,教师的特征变量中,教师的性别、年龄、教龄和学历专业对学生学业成绩的增长无显著影响,而教师的职称和最终受教育水平则对学生学业成绩的增长有显著影响;与教学相关的变量中,是否参加过新课程培训这一变量对学生学业成绩的增长有显著影响.     

我国中小学教师评价方案有效吗——基于霍伊学校结构理论的中美比较研究

教师评价对于促进教师专业发展有重要作用。以霍伊学校结构理论为基础,研究对比中美两套代表性教师评价方案在规则设计和权力结构两大维度的运作效果发现:中国方案更具备阻滞型学校结构的特征,美国方案更倾向于促进型学校结构的特征。我国中小学教师评价方案应实现以下几个转变:评价目的从"加强管理"转向"促进教学",制度安排从"依附嵌套"转向"独立自主",教师与评价者的关系从"对立被动"转向"双边互动",评价结果从用于"量化排名"转向利于教师"专业发展",制度设计从"基于经验"转向"专业科学"。     

Developing Portfolios to Evaluate Teacher Performance in Early Childhood Education

One goal of the teacher's professional portfolio is to describe the full range of abilities and document effective teaching over an extended period of time. In this article we discuss the procedure that teachers can use in developing their own portfolio assessment to help generate data for making decisions about teaching performance. The development of a teacher portfolio requires planning, time, organization and cooperation from students, colleagues, parents and supervisors. The format of the portfolio may vary from individual to individual and be based upon personal preference. Organizations and contents of the teacher portfolio are suggested. Questions and associated lists of teaching artifacts are discussed based on the authors' experiences as early childhood classroom teachers and university professors. The answers to these questions will guide the selection of activity-generated products to best represent the essence of the teacher performance.     

美国教师效能增值评价研究与应用进展

教育公平已成为众多教育研究者和政策制定者关注的焦点,增值评价由于其较好地解决了教育公平问题,正日益成为国际教育评价的热点。美国是教师效能增值评价使用最为广泛的国家之一,本文围绕美国教师增值评价的理论研究和实践运用,展现美国教师效能增值评价所取得的显著教育成果,为我国教育评价的改进提供参考建议。     

韩国中小学教师评价政策的调整

本文在揭示韩国旧有教师评价政策问题的基础上,分析了政策调整过程中教师评价相关利益集团的不同态度和争论,最后描述了政策调整后的方案内容,并对政策试行的预期效果作出了预测.     

美国第三种教师培养模式研究——以波士顿驻校教师计划为例

教师培养的驻校模式被称为美国教师教育的第三条道路,"波士顿驻校教师计划"是其中的典型代表。该模式由学区主办,培养过程包括针对学区特殊需求的招生,以中小学校的实践学习为主、合作大学提供的硕士课程学习为辅的一年期培训,以及进入教学岗位后三年的入职辅导等环节。以学区为培养主体、职前职后一体化和基于中小学校的临床学习是该模式的三大特色。该模式在一定程度上弥补了传统模式和选择性模式的一些不足,为教师教育改革提供了一条新的途径。     

中小学教师评价现状的个案调查--从促进教师专业发展的角度

本文以我国新近的中小学课程改革为背景,随机选取了上海的三所初中和一所小学,以及广西南宁市一所重点高中的部分教师为样本,采用问卷和访谈的形式,调查了中小学教师评价的现状。以建构促进教师专业发展的教师评价制度为指导思想,主要从评价理念、评价指标设置、评价方法和评价结果的使用四个角度,分析我国现行中小学教师评价所存在的突出问题,同时就如何在学校层面建立完善的促进教师专业发展的教师评价制度提出若干建议。     

促进教吵币专业发展的教师自评体系解构

2001年颁布的《基础教育课程改革纲要（试行）》中明确提出：“建立促进教师不断提高的评价体系”、“建立以教师自评为主”的评价制度,这表明了教师自评在教师专业发展中的重要作用。以教师专业发展及教师自评的理论为基础,从教师的专业情意、专业知识与专业技能三个方面,对教师自评体系进行解构,可以促进教师的专业发展。     

关于师范生免费教育的若干思考

师范生免费教育在我国有着悠久的历史。在当前落实科学发展观、构建社会主义和谐社会的时代背景下,新的师范生免费教育政策的提出具有特别重要的意义。为了提高师范生免费教育的效果,文章提出如下几种观点:同一所招收师范生的院校应该同时提供免费和收费两种选择;今后师范生免费教育的重点应该是非重点师范院校;在推行师范生免费教育的同时必须完善相关措施。     

发展性教师评价体系的构建与实施

教师评价是促进教师素质提高和专业水平发展的重要举措。发展性教师评价是一种最早兴起于英国、与奖惩性教师评价相对应的以促进教师专业发展为目的的教师评价制度。本文对发展性教师评价体系的构建与实施进行了研究。     

Experiences of a Research-based Approach to Teacher Education: suggestions for future policies

There is an ongoing discussion about teacher education today: its organisation, its academic status and the competence that results from different programmes. There is no one best way to organise teacher education. Rather, the appropriateness of organisation is related to the desired aims. In this article, we discuss one way to organise and implement academic education for class teachers, namely, a research-based approach, which has been used in Finland for the last 30 years. We elaborate on a theoretical framework for research-based teacher education and present empirical evidence for ways of implementing teacher education programmes, experiences and evaluations. Based on this evidence, we consider the present state of teacher education and suggest guidelines for the future. Research-based teacher education in Finland has been underway long enough to examine its results and its effectiveness in educating class teachers today. Together with our own research findings, the high-level performance of Finnish pupils in international examinations suggests that teacher education in Finland has been on the right course. We recommend that departments of teacher education should be established within universities and that teachers should obtain Master's degrees. Such steps will ensure that a higher conceptual level is adopted and that research is part of teacher education. Although our context is teacher education in Finland, the viewpoints expressed may be valuable for teachers, teacher educators and researchers on teacher education in a broader European context.     

借鉴国外先进经验开展高职教育师资培训

广东经济快速发展客观上推动了高职教育的大发展.为提高教育教学质量,高职院校必须加强师资队伍建设.学习借鉴国外先进职教经验,提高师资素质与能力是一项重要措施.广东省开展的以师资培训为主要内容的中英职业教育合作项目取得了较大的成效.     

Teacher Educator Identity in a Culture of Iterative Teacher Education Program Design: A Collaborative Self-Study

Faculty in the School of Education have collaborated to re-envision teacher education at our university. A complex, dynamic, time-consuming and sometimes painstaking process, redesigning a teacher education program from a traditional approach (i.e. where courses focus primarily on theoretical principles of practice through textbooks and university-based classroom discussions) to a model of teacher education that embraces teaching, learning and leading with schools and in communities is challenging, yet exciting work. Little is known about teacher educators’ experiences as they either design or deliver collaborative field-based models of teacher education. In this article, we examine our experiences in the second implementation year of our redesigned teacher education program, Teaching, Learning, and Leading with Schools and Communities (TLLSC) and how these unique experiences inform our teacher educator identities. Through a collaborative self-study, we sought to make meaning of our transformation from a faculty delivering a traditional model to educators collectively implementing a field-based model, by analyzing the diverse perspectives of faculty at different entry points in the TLLSC development and implementation process. We found that our participation in an intensive field-based teacher preparation model challenged our notions of teacher educator identity. In a culture of iterative program design, this study documents the personal and professional shifts in identity required to accomplish this collaborative and dynamic change in approach to teacher education.     

专注高品质师资培育:多伦多大学MT项目探析

教学硕士(MT)项目是多伦多大学安大略教育研究院教师教育硕士项目,旨在培养杰出的中小学教师及教育行业的卓越领导者。MT项目构建运行非常具有特色,结合了教学硕士学位与中小学教师认证,社群协作的学习模式,满足未来教学需要的特色课程,穿插模块式的教学实习,原创性小规模的课题研究。安大略教育研究院的MT项目与我国教育硕士专业学位研究生培养有很多相似之处,探讨MT项目运行情况,可以为我国完善教育硕士专业学位研究生培养获得一些思考与借鉴。     

教师教育改革与发展背景下的国家级教师教育基地建设问题探析

西方发达国家在教师教育发展上有新变化和新特征,专业化、动态化与开放化是教师教育发展的基本趋势,我国教师教育改革必须借鉴西方发达国家教师教育改革与发展的成功经验,结合我国实际,推进国家级教师教育教育基地建设。     

A Collective Self-Study to Improve Program Coherence of Clinical Experiences

Student feedback collected through program evaluation of secondary education licensure and Master’s program clinical experiences prompted us to conduct a collective self-study. We used a reflective framework for analysis and discussion of the shifts students in our courses made as they progressed from observers to practicing teachers. Along with our graduate students, we collected and shared data and analysis from two courses – an introductory mathematics course for pre-service teachers and a capstone self-study teacher research course for in-service teachers. Data included students’ reflective accounts of their clinical experiences, dialogue with peers in response memos and focus groups, and our meta-conversation about and interpretations of data captured in meeting notes, audio recordings of meetings, email exchanges, and video conferencing over a two-month period. Analysis resulted in reframed thinking about our teaching and implications for program coherence, including provision of meaningful participant observations in diverse settings, design of dialogic platforms for students to make connections, and support of a critical level of reflection to inform teacher professional practice. The results are informative to teacher educators and programs seeking to better understand their roles in designing dialogic spaces for students to think deeply about the connections of their courses to clinical experiences and in supporting ongoing teacher professional development. The study highlights the benefits of faculty collective self-studies and contributes to the literature on self-study for program development.     

Science Education in Early Childhood Teacher Education: Putting Forward a Case to Enhance Student Teachers' Confidence and Competence

New Zealand is moving towards increased qualification requirements for early childhood educators. There is an underlying assumption that there is a correlation between quality early childhood education, teacher qualifications and quality practices in teaching and learning. Two fields of literature, early childhood pedagogy and science specific pedagogy, are reviewed briefly to provide a framework with which to consider why student teachers' attitudes, misunderstandings and misconceptions in science can limit their ability and willingness to create quality teaching and learning opportunities. The study reported in this paper highlights, in general, that early childhood student teachers' subject knowledge in science was poor. It also emerged that the student teachers were unaware of how little they knew and how this might affect their ability to provide appropriate science experiences for young children.