Metacognitive Development: A View beyond Cognition

A series of studies were conducted to investigate students' metacognitive development in a second year chemical engineering course. The first of these was an exploratory study involving observation together with some limited interviewing. This was followed by a major study with two phases, the first of which involved a series of individual interviews with eleven students over the duration of the course, and the second of which involved a follow-up interview with each student two years later. In the first phase of the major study a theoretical framework characterising metacognitive development as a shift in approach to learning was utilised. The present paper draws on the findings of the second phase of the major study to both confirm the validity of this framework and also point to some of its shortcomings, specifically regarding the necessity of a certain emotional state in order for metacognitive development to take place, and the importance of the formation of a professional identity. It is suggested that metacognitive development needs to be characterised in broader terms than the usual cognitive focus in order to more fully account for students' experiences of learning.     

浅谈如何提高高职高专学生英语学习的元认知能力

高职高专院校的许多学生在英语学习的主动性方面存在一定的不足,影响了学生英语水平的提高。在教学实践中将元认知理论引入到英语教学中,使学生对英语学习进行计划、监控、评价和调节,从而提高学生的自主学习能力。     

高职学生英语阅读元认知策略使用的调查研究

根据O＇Malley和Chamot的元认知策略理论,通过元认知阅读策略问卷,本研究探讨了高职高专学生英语阅读元认知策略的使用情况及元认知策略与英语阅读理解水平的关系。结果显示高职高专学生英语阅读元认知策略水平总体较低,而元认知策略的运用与英语阅读水平呈显著正相关,并指明元认知策略对高职高专英语阅读教学的指导意义。     

高一学生元认知水平与化学键概念相关性分析

对高一学生的元认知水平和化学键概念形成情况进行调查,通过数据分析得出以下结论:元认知水平与化学键概念形成之间存在显著性相关;两者的相关程度离子键概念较为显著;元认知监测性水平对化学键概念影响最大,元认知总结性水平影响最小.基于此,提出增加化学键可视化途径,提高学生元可视化水平;在化学键教学中使用自我提问单;设置阶梯型问题,利用前概念对化学键进行教学;调整化学键教学顺序等教学建议.     

理工科学生元认知监控的自我评估与实际测试

以太原理工大学二年级本科生为样本,分析了元认知监控自我评估与实际测试的相关性。研究结果表明,理工科学生自我评估与实际测试有显著差异,其在自我成绩的判断中有明显低估自己的倾向,虽能较准确地评估自己的翻译能力,但对阅读能力的评估不够准确。     

元认知策略在大学英语词汇教学中的应用

近年来对词汇习得策略的研究在我国逐渐展开。本文在简要介绍元认知策略和元认知词汇学习策略的基础上,阐述了这种学习策略在大学英语词汇学习中的具体应用,并对当前的词汇教学提出了一些建议。     

培养学生元认知策略中的问题与方法

元认知策略是学习在学习过程中采取的管理步骤，以对学习目标的特点和规律深刻理解为基础。错误的英语学习观念构成元认知策略的严重障碍。本介绍如何通过阅读，使学生成为积极的语言实践和使用，养成元认知策略的方法，摆脱英语学习的困境。     

融入元认知策略 促进学生自主学习

元认知就是对认知的认知，是关于个人自己认知过程的知识和调节这些过程的能力，对思维和学习活动的知识和控制。通过对元认知的相关知识进行论述，进而重点探讨融入元认知策略于外语教学，从而促进学生自主学习。     

运用价值工程指导远程教育课程教学资源建设

课程教学资源建设是现代远程教育实施和发展的关键，课程教学资源是指课程教学所需的印刷媒体教材、音像媒体教材，网络课程等。实践证明，开发和制作内容丰富、适合于学生自主学习的高质量的课程教学资源是一项艰巨的系统工程，必须以科学、求实的态度积极进行教学资源的整合、开发与制作，以推促现代远程教育进一步健康地向前发展。本文运用价值工程理论，对如何科学、合理地建设和配置课程教学资源进行了分析。     

元认知策略在高职学生英语词汇自主学习中的运用

从教学实践看,英语词汇的学习和记忆是高职学生英语学习的主要障碍。引入自主学习理论中的元认知策略,建议学生通过词汇学习计划和目标的建立、学习过程的监控和学习结果的评价等方面进行词汇的自主学习。     

面向终身学习需求的工科远程课程体系设计研究

面向终身教育的课程体系是通向学习型社会的路径和基石。课程体系设计包括:课程选择、课程组织、学习路径规划。文章基于灵活性、开放性和衔接性的设计原则,结合国家开放大学的工学科机械类专业建设,研究学科、专业和课程之间的关系,设计模块化、多入口、多出口、多层次、多通道的工科远程课程体系和学习路径,并形成与之配套的证书规则和选课规则,适应工程技术人才多样化的学习需求,为构建国家终身学习体系提供有益经验。     

Using ‘HOCS-Centered Learning’ as a Pathway to Promote Science Teachers' Metacognitive Development

An element of current reform in science education worldwide is the shift from the dominant traditional algorithmic lower-order cognitive skills (LOCS) teaching, to the higher-order cognitive skills (HOCS)-promoting learning; that is, the development of students' capabilities including those of question asking (QA), critical/system thinking (CST), decision making (DM), problem solving (PS), conceptualisation of fundamental concepts (CFC) and the transfer of these within both the science disciplines and real life interdisciplinary situations. Accordingly, an innovative metacognition-promoting science teacher professional development course, integrating formal and informal science education, was developed and implemented within a traditional model, focusing on the HOCS skills of QA, PS, and CFC. The HOCS promoting teaching and assessment strategies of this course not only enabled participants to reflect on their own learning, but also facilitated their self-reflective assessment, utilising a pre–post designed research-based methodology. The results suggest that such, or similarly appropriate, metacognition-oriented courses can contribute positively to the development of science teachers' HOCS capability.     

工程光学类课程思政教育的探索与实践

为增强大学生思想政治教育,思政入课堂是有效方法,如何将思政元素融入理工类课程是高校教学改革的一项重要任务。该文以工程光学类课程为例,对理工课程的思政教育方法进行探索与实践,对思政脉络、教学手段等进行介绍,并总结课程实施的经验与体会,可为其他理工类课程的思政教育提供参考。     

化工设计课程的教学改革与实践

化工设计是化学工程与工艺专业的最具综合性的课程,能体现复杂工程问题中的基础理论运用能力。通过教学改革,在夯实课程基础及完善课程内容的基础上,通过改善化工设计课程的教学方法,提高授课教师水平,进而在不同层面提升了学生的设计能力和工程思维能力,以达到满足新时代经济社会对人才质量要求的目的。     

工程教育背景下化工高素质创新应用型人才培养模式的研究

人才培养是高校的首要职责,是高等教育质量的核心,是立校之本。工程教育在我国高等教育中占有重要地位,高素质创新应用型的工程技术人才是实施国家发展战略、支撑产业转型升级重要的保障。广东工业大学化工专业严格按照工程教育专业认证建设目标,开展高素质化工创新应用型人才培养新模式研究与实践,建设一流本科专业,培养高素质创新应用型化工人才。     

工程教育背景下化工原理课程萃取教学的研究与实践

化工原理课程是化工及其他化学加工过程类专业的一门应用基础课,是培养学生工程能力的重要一环。文章分析了化工原理课程教学的现状与弊端,并针对化工原理课程中的萃取单元操作部分提出了调动学生积极性、夯实学生理论基础、加强学生工程能力培养的一系列措施。     

An Empirical Study on the Students' Second Language Acquisition of the Newly Built University

Eastern Liaoning University is a newly built university with dissatisfying English teaching effect.To make a good understanding of what problems exist in the students’ second language acquisition,an empirical study was conducted on the 213 undergraduates in June,2009.Some related factors with second language acquisition are surveyed and analyzed.It suggests that it is crucial to strengthen the guidance and training of metacognitive strategy to improve the students’ autonomous learning ability.     

Influence of an Environmental Studies Course on Attitudes of Undergraduates at an Engineering University

Studies suggest that at engineering universities, where the percentage of males and engineering majors is high, pro-environmental attitudes are likely to be weak and may not change. The 15-item New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) scale was used to measure differences in student attitudes before and after an environmental studies course. Results revealed students held more pro-environmental attitudes about the validity of the ecological crisis, the existence of resource constraints, and the delicacy of nature's balance after the course. Students did not shift their views regarding the domination of humans over the environment or their belief in human ingenuity to overcome resource limits. Engineering majors showed weaker endorsement of the NEP compared to non-engineering majors, but the increase in their endorsement after the course was statistically significant.     

工程力学教学中的创新教育探究

在工程力学课程教学中进行创新思维培养,将创造心理学和建构主义教育理论与工程力学教学相结合,认识创新教育中思维的培养要素,实现创新教育所需的环境,确定工程力学教育中创新教育的目标,将会推动创新人才的培养。     

Student Peer Teaching: An Innovative Approach to Instruction in Science and Engineering Education

This paper reports the results of a pilot-study in a senior paper science and engineering class, of an innovative instructional method designed to foster student problem-solving and in-depth learning of material, namely, student peer teaching. We review related literature focusing on active learning methods in science and engineering education, describe the method of student peer teaching used in this pilot-study, present the evaluation method and results, and discuss implications for further development of this method of instruction. Results suggest that students were able to effectively teach significant curricular content. In addition, the method of student peer teaching served important purposes in helping students develop in-depth understanding and expertise in the issues related to their teaching session, as well as teaching and presentation skills which will be useful in their professional practice. However, students expressed concern that, while achieving in-depth learning of the content of their teaching session, they tended to focus on the content area of their teaching session at the expense of other content areas and may not have learned as well from other students as from the Professor. We recommend a modified structure for student peer teaching which incorporates cooperative learning methods; increased Professor involvement in class sessions, in the role of the mentor; and modifications in performance evaluation methods to ensure ongoing student monitoring of progress and self-assessment. The method of student peer teaching, in science and engineering education, combined with cooperative learning methods, is viewed as a major extension of cooperative learning methods, used in the service of preparation for professional careers.