高等职业教育教学改革的若干思考

高职教学改革应以不断适应时代要求为目标 ,推动高职教育的发展     

Stress among higher education students: towards a research agenda

This article has two primary aims. Firstly, it provides a critical review of previous studies into student stress and identifies several important issues that, as yet, have not been explored. There has been no consideration of the effect of students maturing during their studies on the stress that they experience and how they cope with that stress. Secondly, the article highlights limitations in the past and present literature base, where there has been a concentration on a quantitative approach, and focus on a narrow range of subject groups. There is also a need to undertake longitudinal research to investigate individuals’ stress experiences during the period they study at university. Overall the key assertion here is that thus far research into student stress has not offered a complete account and explanation of students’ stress experiences.     

对高职《色彩》课程教学的思考

高职色彩教学是设计类各专业的一门重要学科,它除了培养学生用正确科学的方法掌握色彩规律与表现技能外,对学生兴趣的培养和审美意识的提高尤为重要。高职色彩教学应结合学生实际情况及各专业发展方向进行,提高学生的动手能力,体现高职教学特色。     

高职机械类实践教学改革的探索

高等职业教育的实践教学对开发和培养学生的综合能力有着非常重要的意义。文章阐明了机械类实践教学改革的必要性,从实践教学体系、实践教学活动、实践教学方法及实践教学管理体系等方面进行了探讨,并提出了“双师型”师资队伍建设的重要性。     

A follow-up study of the effect of pedagogical training on teaching in higher education

The present follow-up study examines the effect of university teachers’ pedagogical training on approaches to teaching and self-efficacy beliefs measured by Approaches to Teaching Inventory and an additional part measuring motivational strategies. The effect of pedagogical training on teaching is analysed among 35 teachers who had not participated in pedagogical courses after the first measurement in 2004 as well as among 45 teachers who had acquired more pedagogical training after the first measurement. The results showed that there were more positive changes in the measured scales among teachers who had acquired more credits of pedagogical courses since the year 2004 than among teachers who had not acquired more credits. The results of the first and second measurements are compared.     

The conceptualization and exploration of socially just teaching: A qualitative study on higher education English professors

This study explored the conceptualization of socially just teaching in higher education. Participants were English language professors who were studied through a qualitative study. The data collected through interviews and memos were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Three themes were extracted: a critical stance, a dialogic and emergent curriculum, and ontological turns. The findings indicated that socially just teaching requires foregrounding the questions of being. Furthermore, the findings revealed that socially just teaching necessitates critiquing othering based on essentialist stereotypes through the contextualized teaching which revolves around cultural recognition, political representation, and contextual sensitivity.     

关于深化高等职业教育教学改革的思考

当前,高等职业教育已实现跨越式发展,正处于稳定规模、提高质量、凸显特色、内涵发展的新时期,需要进一步更新高等职业教育办学理念,创新人才培养模式,改革教学内容和方式方法,加强双师型教师队伍建设,推动高等职业教育教学质量不;断提高。     

A critical analysis of the INQAAHE Guidelines of Good Practice for higher education quality assurance agencies

The International Network of Quality Assurance Agencies in Higher Education’s Guidelines of Good Practice by higher education quality assurance agencies need substantial revision before they can be considered adequate by stakeholders in any national higher education system. Various revisions are proposed in this article. But the International Network of Quality Assurance Agencies in Higher Education also argues that adoption of its Guidelines of Good Practice has international significance in that the decisions about higher education quality made by agencies which comply with them can be accepted at face value universally. This conclusion, however, cannot be accepted until the Guidelines of Good Practice are amended to address the processes whereby each agency can become comfortable with the criteria and standards which the others impose in their respective jurisdictions. This article also maintains that, even if the Guidelines of Good Practice were technically perfect, agencies and/or governments ought to subject any proposals for their implementation to the discipline of rigorous risk management processes.

Differentiated instruction in teacher education: A case study of congruent teaching

Teachers are supposed to use forms of differentiated instruction to anticipate the differences among their students. However, the adaptation of teaching to the diversity of the group often takes place with difficulty. Teacher education is blamed for not preparing student teachers adequately for differentiated instruction. Several authors suggest that congruent teaching in teacher education might be an adequate solution to this problem. This case study aims to investigate the (congruent) realization of differentiated instruction in teacher education using ethnographic tools. The results indicate that the observed teacher educator demonstrated limited forms of differentiation, largely without providing meta-commentary. Therefore, she is not a role model on the subject of differentiated instruction in the view of student teachers. These results are discussed in depth, and form a basis for further research and suggestions for practice in teacher education.     

Comparative study of faculty evaluation of teaching practice between Chinese and U.S. Institutions of higher education

Along with the “massification” of higher education in China since the late 1990s, the issue of quality and excellence appeared at the top of China’s higher education agenda. Since faculty evaluation of teaching is one of the major approaches adopted by China’s higher education sector to pursue quality and excellence, it is valuable to examine the effectiveness of faculty evaluation of teaching practices adopted by the Chinese higher education institutions (HEIs). Study of current literature reveals some similarities and differences between the faculty evaluation of teaching policies and practices between Chinese and American higher education sectors. This paper examines the specific practices adopted by some top-tier Chinese HEIs and American elite colleges and universities, summarizes and analyzes the major differences and similarities of faculty evaluation of teaching practices between these two countries’ top-tier HEIs, and discusses the applicability of the American models to the Chinese setting of higher education. Finally, a set of best practices regarding faculty evaluation of teaching are proposed for Chinese HEIs.     

Lesson study: A collaborative approach to scholarship for teaching and learning in higher education

The Scholarship of Teaching and Learning has become an important field of inquiry, focusing on the development of new and critical pedagogic approaches in higher education. It is a broad field leading to the emergence of a number of contrasting perspectives concerning the development of insights into teaching and learning. In this article, we explore the potential for Lesson Study to act as a framework for reflecting on and developing pedagogic practice in the university sector. Originating in Japan over a century ago, Lesson Study is a collaborative tool for analysing and developing understanding of student learning. This makes it an ideal tool for capturing and interrogating new and critical insights into teaching and learning. An outline framework is suggested for developing the use of Lesson Study in higher education and we discuss how it can form a positive methodology for extending the work of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning.     

Time to participate: Lessons from the literature for learning and teaching project evaluation in higher education

Evaluation plays an increasingly important role in the quality-driven context of higher education. Projects that focus on learning and teaching often have evaluation expected of them, however, there is little evidence on the effectiveness of approaches nor the extent to which the praxis of evaluation is achieved. To illustrate this phenomenon, project funding and evaluation expectations are reviewed and the resulting analysis of the literature identifies eight emergent themes. Two overarching factors that unite these themes are time (or lack of it) and participation, leading to six issues for evaluation practice. Alignment of evaluation theory with practice requires focused attention if the maximum benefits of evaluation for the project processes are to be achieved.     

The Stratification of Students in Israeli Universities: Persistent Outcomes of an Educational Expansion Policy

Expansion trends of higher education systems involve the planned growth of new universities, frequently stratified lower than established ones in academic breadth and excellence as well as in the socio-demographic origins of their students. The persistence of this internal stratification of the university system subsequent to its expansion remains a controversial issue. Between the early and mid-1990s the Israeli Council for Higher Education has expanded the three ‘‘target’’ universities, aimed at peripheral or specific sectors. Compared to the three established elitist institutions, these universities have concentrated on the liberal arts and attracted students of lower social origins. The present study examines the stratification of students into elitist and target universities a few years after this particular expansion policy was abandoned in favor of college accreditation. Though the overall growth rate of university freshmen since 1995 has subsequently declined, the relative share of the target universities is still steadily growing. Our analysis of data from a 1999 national survey of freshmen in all six universities reveals that students of the target universities still tend to originate from lower status groups and ethnic minorities regardless of academic ability. Furthermore, their general study motivations, particular study considerations, and institutional choice orientations are more practical and vocationally oriented than those of students in the elitist universities. It therefore seems that expansion policies of university systems should not overlook their long-term consequences for the stratification of universities and their students.     

论高等职业教育教学评价观念的转变

我国高等职业教育一直处于不断发展的道路上,只为培养出更多能适应社会不同需求的高等人才。本文就高职教育教学评价观念的转变,并结合高职教育课堂的教学现状进行分析。     

关于高等职业教育教学改革的思考

我国社会经济的快速发展对高等职业教育提出了新的要求。推进高等职业教育教学改革,提高教育教学质量已成为推进高等职业教育健康发展的关键,本文以强化教育教学工作的中心地位为出发点,从办学方向、加强和改进德育工作、深化教学改革、加强实训基地建设、加快骨干专业建设、构建教学工作评价体系、师资队伍建设等方面进行了论述。     

高校课堂教学质量评价研究文献定量分析

利用统计方法与文献计量学方法,以我国在1996～2006年间出版的高校课堂教学质量评价领域的文献为研究对象,对文献量及发表时间、著者、机构、期刊分布、主题内容等进行定量分析。     

职业生涯规划下高职会计人才培养方案探索

从会计职业素质要求及高职会计专业职业规划必要性分析入手,分析了传统高职会计专业培养方案的局限：职业素质教育缺失,以会计实务操作能力代替会计职业能力,实践课程缺乏系统性。为此,需改革高职会计专业培养方案：增设会计职业素质教育系列课程,进行会计专业课程体系改革,构建＂职业魔方＂实践教学体系,引入职业资格证书教育。     

高等职业教育教学管理规范研究

教学管理是管理者通过一定的管理手段,使教学活动达到学校既定的人才培养目标的过程。过程是一个或一系列连续有规律的行动。这些行动是必要的、相对稳定的、对过程发生影响的,因此行动、流程构成了整个过程的基本要素。要素,构成事物必不可少的因素,组成系统的基本单元。从千差万别、处于变动状态的教学管理操作中,抽象出相对稳定的要素与流程,并以此为依据构建教学管理、教学组织、教学文件的体系和系统,便成为具有实际运用价值的开创性研究。     

试论高校体育课中的探究式教学

高校体育课实施探究式教学,其效果明显优于传统教学法。体育课探究式教学改变了传统教学法统一化和单一化的单向传习模式,其基本教学程序应为:创设情境,提出问题;搜集资料和信息;引出假设,进行实验探究,论证;整合、归纳、迁移、应用。     

The rhetoric and reality of good teaching: A case study across three faculties at the Queensland University of Technology

Universities now have a lot to say abouttertiary teaching. University policy, teachingunits, and promotion criteria have a veryspecific understanding of good teaching withinthe academy. This case study of QueenslandUniversity of Technology (QUT) found that goodteaching has two central features: it isnecessarily student centred, and it is`innovative, a characteristic that, at QUT atleast, is increasingly equated with the use oftechnology. This paper – based upon interviewswith twenty-four QUT academics across threefaculties (Education, Science, and Law), ananalysis of QUT's teaching and learningpolicies, and some additional historicalresearch – will suggest four things. First,that the concept of student centred learning,based on ideals of progressive education, isneither an historical inevitability northeoretically unproblematic. Second, thatirrespective of discipline, all lecturersespouse an underpinning `progressive' teachingphilosophy, even though, in practice, teachingstyle appears to be determined primarily bysubject-matter. Third, given that, in practice,the progressive model seems to suit somefaculties and subject areas better than others(i.e. Education, as opposed to Science and Law)this has significant professional implicationsfor the lecturers concerned. Finally, thatrather than promoting a `progressive' pedagogy,the use of technology in teaching actuallyappears to reinforce traditional teachingtechniques. Consequently, it is suggested thatmonolithic understandings of good teaching,when applied across the academy irrespective ofcontext, are often inappropriate, ineffectiveand inequitous, and that universities need tothink through their teaching policies andprogrammes more thoroughly.