高校辅导员队伍职业化培训范式垦拓

培训是实现高校辅导员队伍职业化发展的重要环节,而培训范式的科学设定是提升辅导员胜任能力和发展潜能的关键。本文通过借鉴培训需求"三层次分析法",在设定辅导员培训需求分析考量要素基础上,对辅导员培训体系的缺陷进行了实然分析,构建了多维度的辅导员队伍职业化培训范式:专业化发展导向的培训流程,全程式培养目标的培训平台,胜任力提升原则的培训内容,团队式学习驱动的培训方法,质量化效度标准的培训评价。     

试论高校辅导员的高情商

从高校辅导员情商低的现实表现出发,论述了高情商在促进其个体和谐发展以及在促进学生成长成才中的重要作用。着重指出在高校素质教育推进的今天,迫切需要对辅导员进行高情商的培养,促进个体的和谐发展,从而消除辅导员的职业倦怠。培养高校辅导员高情商的途径包括：加强体育锻炼,增强身体素质;正确认识自己;依靠全校教职工的支持、合作,构建支持的心理空间;加强理论和实践学习,提高情商素质;达成共识,提高技能,营造良好的情商培养环境;把情商作为辅导员考核的重要标准。     

Development of Professional Identity for Counseling Professionals: A Mindfulness-Based Perspective

Professional identity development (PID), which involves transformational learning, is crucial for counselors and trainees. However most current training approaches focus more on specific tasks related to PID without focusing on the transformational learning aspect. Mindfulness is an important component for transformational learning; however, limited effort has been focused on its likely impact on PID. This conceptual article describes the need for integrating mindfulness into PID, and explains applications of mindfulness practices in assisting counselors to enhance development of a professional identity in the course of completing transformational tasks through a transformative learning process. Recommendations for future practice and research are included.     

Professional Identity: Effects on Evaluation of Helper Effectiveness

The purpose of this study was to examine the ability of guidance counselors, rehabilitation counselors, and social workers accurately to distinguish low-, medium-, and high-functioning helpers when the helpers were identified as being from the participants' own or the other two professions. One hundred eight graduate students, 36 from each of the three disciplines, were asked to rate a standard series of 28 interaction sets on total level of functioning. These interaction sets differed only in helper identity and level of functioning. A three-way analysis of variance was conducted, the variables being professional identity- of the rater, professional identity of the helper, and helper's level of functioning. Results showed that significant main effects were accounted for by helper's level of functioning rather than helper's professional identity. Implications for training and supervision of students are discussed, and recommendations are made for future research.     

虚拟学习社区环境下教师协作学习的问题与实证

教师培训作为促进教师专业化发展的重要途径,当前主要存在培训主题“行政化”、培训形式单一化、培训内容理论化、培训时间间断化和培训受益面相对窄化等弊端。虚拟学习社区环境下协作学习为教师专业发展提供了一条可持续发展的途径。虚拟学习环境下教师协作学习的理论基础包括支架理论、替代性学习理论和群体动力学理论,协作学习的类型可分为机械协作和有机协作两种。为了探究虚拟学习社区环境下持不同活动策略的主持者在促进教师协作学习的互动效果及其差异,项目组实施了案例研究,结果表明：在活动主持者动机水平一致的情况下,持解答式活动策略的主持者比持启发式活动策略的主持者更能促进教师协作学习的互动效果;教师在学习活动中应重视角色的作用,关爱学生的内心体验,重视自身学习能力的提升。     

Counselor Training for Facultative Human Relationships

This study evaluated the effects of the first stage (prepracticum) of a three-stage counselor training practicum designed to merge cognitive and experiential learning in a systematic manner using professional trainers. Results indicated positive changes in counselors in training who exhibited increases in facultative behaviors associated with positive client outcomes.     

International Counseling Trainees’ Experiences and Perceptions of Their Multicultural Counseling Training in the United States: A Mixed Method Inquiry

This study examined international counseling students’ (ICTs) experiences and perceptions of their multicultural counseling training (MCT) in the United States. The focus was on (a) relevance of the training, (b) effectiveness of the training methods, and (c) development of cross-cultural competence as trainees. Major findings indicated that ICTs found their MCT to be more useful in the areas of knowledge and awareness rather than in skill development. Dissatisfaction was expressed with training received; limited applicability to country of origin was noted. MCT in the US appears to reflect primarily a Westernized approach to teaching and learning related competencies. Implications and recommendations for counselors and educators are discussed.     

Disability and Counselor Education

Mainstreaming legislation is an impetus for social change in relation to treatment of individuals with disabilities. This change requires that counselor educators include content areas related to aspects of disability to prepare counselors to serve clients with disabilities. The author makes recommendations for curricular change for experiential and didactic training to increase a counselor trainee's sensitivity, skills, and knowledge regarding disability. Also, counselor educators are urged to team trainees from school and rehabilitation counseling training programs so that these professionals can work cooperatively for the benefit of the client with a disability.     

浅论高校辅导员专业化建设

辅导员专业化是高校思想政治教育队伍建设的重要途径。辅导员专业化一方面是辅导员职业获得专业标准、提升专业地位的过程,即职业的专业化发展;另一方面是辅导员专业行为改进和素质提升的过程,即个体的专业化培养。辅导员专业化建设要求辅导员具有基本的专业理论素养,基本的专业技能和基本的专业方向。     

Effects of Group Counseling on Self-Reports and on Self-Recognition Abilities of Counselors in Training

This study attempted to demonstrate the effects of group counseling with prospective counselors. Two hypotheses were tested: (a) Group counseling is associated with changes in self-reports of counselors in training; and (b) Group counseling increases self-recognition abilities of counselors in training. To test hypothesis one, study and control group scores on the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule and the Motivation Analysis Test were compared using analysis of covariance. Hypothesis two was tested by applying selected criteria to the subjects' choices of personality sketches that were “most like me.” The first but not the second hypothesis was confirmed. Discussion relates the findings to previous research and notes the minimal nature of the differences between the study and control groups.     

Implications For Curriculum Development for Rehabilitation and School Counselors

The need for rehabilitation and school counselors to develop more productive relationships is discussed. It is suggested that such relationships might be facilitated by the two disciplines sharing mutual courses in graduate school. It is further suggested that the following subject material be considered in developing these mutual courses: (a) educational-occupational information, (b) personality theory, (c) history of counseling, (d) counseling as a generic base, and (e) practicum training. Other benefits of such a curriculum are discussed.     

Use of the Collaborative Drawing Technique in School Counseling Practicum: An Illustration of Family Systems

According to the extant school consultation literature, counselors can effectively use brief family interventions and family assessment procedures in schools as part of a collaborative consultation approach. School counselors, however, often lack training in family systems theory, because counselor training programs tend to use individual counseling models. When used in a school counselor practicum course, the Collaborative Drawing Technique (CDT; G. M. Smith, 1985) introduces counselors‐in‐training to family systems concepts and lays the foundation for postgraduate training in family systems. The authors use a case illustration to explore paradigmatic shifts in trainees' case conceptualizations as a function of their use of the CDT with a family.     

Collaboration between Faculty Members and School Counselors: An Experience from a Case-based Course

This article describes the experience in Spain of a specific collaboration between university teachers and school counselors, which used case-based approaches in a teacher training program. The collaboration ran for four years and involved 300 graduate students, two university teachers, and six school counselors. Three basic features enabled this collaboration: a) horizontal relationships, b) a spirit of mutual help and confidence, and c) autonomy. The outcome of the experience can be evaluated in terms of both the case-based teaching process itself and its impact on student learning and the professional development of teachers and counselors involved.     

Intercultural studies for counselors

The author presents in his essay the rationale of intercultural studies for counselors and offers practical suggestions on the method and structure of such study experiences both for counselor trainees and for practitioners.While international meetings of counselors are of great importance, in the author's view, the momentum of international interests among counselors cannot be sustained without well designed intercultural studies. They are a prerequisite for meaningful face to face contacts with foreign colleagues, and they are even more important for enhancing counseling effectiveness and therapeutic skills of professionals in their home settings.Intercultural studies should be a part of counselor training curricula. Suggestions about the structure of intercultural courses and about acquisition of resources for such studies are presented along with a detailed methodology for structuring the study experiences. Emphasis is placed on cooperative efforts between instructor and students in researching the foreign culture under study. The direct participation of students in collecting information and samples of cultural products from the country under study maximizes the impact of the foreign milieu. Audiovisual experiences and role-playing are also suggested.The intercultural learning sequence can be adapted to a workshop format for practicing counselors who, in spite of time limitations, may benefit by participating in short, well prepared programs that offer an international perspective on professional issues.     

Effects of an Inductive Versus a Deductive Instructional Approach on the Constructive Feedback and Problem-Solving Skills of Supervisors

This study investigated the effects of an inductive versus a deductive instructional approach on the constructive feedback and problem-solving skills of supervisors. Sixteen supervisors were randomly assigned to either an inductive or a deductive instructional group for one of the instructional units in a supervisory training program. The topic of the unit was the constructive feedback process. Supervisors' acquisition and transfer of skill in giving constructive feedback, problem-solving skill, facilitation of subordinate problem-solving skill, and attitudes toward training were assessed. The findings showed that while supervisors in the deductive group demonstrated greater ability to transfer their learning, supervisors in the inductive group perceived that the quality of their training experience was better. No significant differences were found on either measure of problem-solving skill. Implications of these findings for instructional design theory, research, and practice are discussed.     

Effects of Verbal Interaction Analysis Training with Counseling Practicum Students

This article investigates differences in counselor verbal style and type of counselee talk in two groups of counselor trainees. The first group consisted of 15 counselor trainees who received a training program with an Amidon-type Verbal Interaction Analysis System; the second group was a control group of 15 counselor trainees who received no interaction analysis training as part of a semester-long counseling practicum. The results indicated that the counselors receiving interaction analysis training tended to talk less and Use indirect influence techniques more often than the counselor trainees in the control group. Clients of the counselors in the experimental group tended to talk more often and use more self-initiated talk than did the clients of counselors in the control group.     

Comparison of Modeling Techniques in Counselor Training

Two techniques of videotape recorded modeling for training counselors to ask open-ended questions (OEQ) were examined. It was hypothesized that a pure video model, exhibiting only desired behavior, would result in greater learning than a corrective video model, exhibiting both desired and undesired behavior, given that both models contained cues to indicate whether the behaviors are desired or undesired. Eighteen undergraduate peer counselors were randomly assigned to either (a) pure video model, (b) corrective video model, or (c) no-treatment control. Pre and postmeasures of level of OEQ responses were obtained by simulated interviews with one of four research assistants trained as pseudo-clients. Results indicate: (a) treatment had a significant effect on percentage of OEQ (F (2, 15) = 3.75, p<.05); (b) only the pure model was significantly different from the no-treatment control (Dunnett's t (3, 15) = 2.58, p <.02); and (c) the pure model was not significantly different from the corrective model. The findings support, but do not confirm, the hypothesis of the study that a pure video model would result in greater learning than a corrective video model. The experimenters suggest that negative modeling examples may interfere with learning at this introductory level of training and that these results have implications for the training methods used by many trainers of counselors.     

Physician interviewing and counseling training

There is an important need to enhance the skills of physicians in conducting medical interviews. The medical interview consists of the primary tasks or content of the medical history. It is the basis for establishing a therapeutic relationship with the patient, ascertaining a clinical diagnosis, and implementing an appropriate treatment plan or health maintenance. Effective medical interviewing skills are prerequisites for learning the skills which are essential for patient counseling. This paper describes the medical interview, reviews videotape feedback models for training, and gives suggestions for the training of physicians as counselors.     

A new pedagogical design for geo-informatics courses using an e-training support system

The current study seeks to introduce a new pedagogical design for geo-informatics courses using an e-training support system. Laurillard’s conversational approach based on conceptual representation for both instructor and learner was used to form the framework. As the current study specifically interested in training as a special form for learning, so, we sought methods and strategies to integrate requirements of both company and employee into the design of training programs. Therefore, a competency perspective was adopted into the conversational framework to use learning design that leads to learning activities tightly related to the needs of the company and employee. The above framework has been developed with special consideration to the underpinning pedagogical principles and the needs of lifelong learning that continues after the training has been completed. The implementation of the developed framework needs a special computerized system, so an e-training support system (ETSS) was developed to realize the framework. ETSS is an open source and standard-based infrastructure to enable and foster competence development and exchange of learning activities and learning units. Although the domain of the current study focuses on geo-informatics, ETSS is applicable to any other domain. The developed framework through its ETSS implementation were evaluated in a typical training environment. The results indicated that the best method in training was the training with the developed system with 91.5 % in comparison with the traditional training method with 81.4 %.     

情绪劳动研究与高校辅导员的管理培养

随着大学生思想政治教育工作的不断推进,高校辅导员队伍建设备受关注,各类研究层出不穷,但以往研究多集中于高校辅导员的具体工作,关注精神层面相对较少,忽视了辅导员工作中的情绪体验。本文从心理学领域中关于情绪劳动的研究角度分析,可以更清楚地认识到高校辅导员工作是高强度情绪劳动,并根据情绪劳动的已有研究对高校辅导员的管理培养进行分析与建议。