基于成人学习理论的成人学习指导模式探析

成人学习指导模式是以一定成人学习理论观点为基础的成人学习指导结构模型及操作方式,成人学习理论的多元性决定了成人学习指导模式的多样化,以成人学习理论为基础我们提出了策略提供式、程序规定式、阶段诊疗式、体验省悟式、经验交流式五种成人学习指导模式。     

成人学习特点研究的硕果及其学术价值——对诺尔斯自我指导学习理论的评析

马尔科姆.谢泼德.诺尔斯自我指导学习理论将成人学员与儿童学生在学习需要的意识、自我概念、经验的作用、学习定向、学习准备状态、学习动机等方面进行对比,深刻揭示成人在学习上的本质特点——自我指导性。该理论是欧美成人学习研究运动的一个硕果,有助于巩固成人教育合法地位,因此也成为最著名的成人教育理论之一。分析表明,诺尔斯有关成人学习特点的深入研究对于成人教育理论和方法的深化,以及学习化社会理念的论述等方面具有重大的学术价值。     

成人自我导向学习理论研究

自我导向学习以人本主义哲学思想为基础,突出自主性,也提倡协助,属于指导型学习模式,学习过程强调积极主动,有明确的目标和切实可行的计划。     

转化学习理论下的成人高等教育学习指导

兴起于上世纪80年代末的转化学习理论是继诺尔斯成人教育学理论和塔夫自我导向学习之后的有关成人学习的核心理论,受建构主义理论、解放教育思想等的影响,其理论关键词是“经验”“批判性反思”和“理性交谈”.阐述转化学习理论的基本内涵及其理论的发展,在此基础上提出对成人高等教育中的成人学习者的启发和指导.     

中国成人教育学发展的指导原则

明确中国成人教育学发展的指导原则对中国成人教育学建设具有重要意义。指导原则主要表现在五个方面:中国化研究原则、成人研究原则、社会弱势群体研究原则、体系化研究原则和跨学科研究原则。     

成人学习研究考略--基于梅里安的追述

从“Andragogy”(成人教育学)到“Self-Directed Learning”(自我导向学习)渗透着有关成人学习问题的重要思考。本文主要试图基于美国著名成人教育理论家梅里安对于“Andragogy”和“Self-Directed Learn-ing”的追述,来对成人学习研究的变化脉络做一简略的考察。     

自我导向学习理论对我国成人在线学习的启示

随着“互联网+教育”理念的广泛传播,在线学习已然是成人学习的必然趋势,提升在线学习能力是提高成人学习效率和促进成人终身学习的应有之义.而自我导向学习理论对我国成人在线学习具有重要的启示.通过对自导学习理论的简单概述,并在分析我国成人在线学习存在的主要问题的基础上,阐述在线学习环境中自导学习理论的重要启示:提高自导学习能力,促进终身学习;选择最佳导学策略,提高学习效率;开展学习契约模式,寻求学习指导.     

成人自我导向学习理论及启示

终身学习是21世纪的生存概念,人们为了生存与发展必须终身学习.自我导向学习是近年来成人教育领域发展成型的重要理论之一.文章介绍了该理论的形成过程和主要内容,阐述了成人自我导向学习能力的内涵,进而从自我导向学习理论建构的内涵中获取其对成人教育的一些启示.     

自我导向学习理论与成人学习

自我导向学习是一种将传统的被动学习转化为针对自己的实际需要而进行的自主学习。当今,全球终身教育的主要目标就是发展成人的自我导向学习能力,构建学习化社会。本文在对自我导向学习理论的产生背景、内涵进行分析的基础上,澄清理解误区,全新解读自我导向学习理论,并提出促进成人自我导向学习的若干方法。     

成人自我导向学习的理论误区及其矫正

自我导向学习是成人学习的重要特征之一,但是成人自我导向学习的参与者和指导者往往会出现理解上的误区。这些误区的存在影响到了自我导向学习的效果,误区的矫正必须从学习环境、自我管理、学习策略和指导方面入手。     

成人自我导向学习能力及其培养

时代呼唤自主性学习，成人的特点及信息社会的发展决定了自我导向学习是成人学习的主要主要，本梳理了自我导向学习的内涵，阐发了成人自我导向学习的客观依据及其培养途径。     

自我导向学习及其与成人教育发展述评

自我导向学习孕育于成人教育,又推动成人教育的发展。自我导向学习对成人教育的发展影响巨大,奠定了成人教育学的学科基础,形成了成人学习的基本模式;澄清了成人学习认识上的误区,促进了成人学习研究的深化;推动了成人学习流派、学说的涌现和实践模式的建构。拓展理论基础、建构基本原理、加强课程领导和开发有效策略是自我导向学习在我国成人教育研究领域的发展趋势。     

Academic performance and the practice of self-directed learning: The adult student perspective

The practice of self-directed learning is important to adult students as it allows them to learn effectively while juggling work, family and other commitments. This study set out to examine the self-directed learning characteristics present in the adult students’ study process at the case university. The relationship between the adult students’ perceived competence level in self-directed learning and their academic performance was also investigated. In this study, 1695 adult students in the case university participated in a survey that included both Likert-type and open-ended response items. Eleven indicators of self-directed learning were conceptualised and quantified. These indicators included: Goal Setting, Time Management, Procrastination Management, Assignment Preparation, Exam Preparation, Note-taking Capability, Research Capability, Seminar Class Readiness, Technical Readiness, Online Class Readiness and Stress Management. The findings showed that the adult students’ perceived level of competence in the 11 self-directed learning indicators had a direct or an indirect effect on their academic performance. Based on the findings, the case university has conceptualised some new initiatives in the provision of support in terms of self-directed learning to help its adult students to do well in their studies.     

Teaching nontraditional adult students: adult learning theories in practice

As the USA experiences rapid growth of nontraditional adult students in higher education, educators and institutions will increasingly need to look beyond the traditional youth-centric educational models to better address adult learning needs. To date, no research has been conducted examining the learning experiences of adult students enrolled in a disciplinary course that was built upon core principles of adult learning. Ten adult students (mean age = 45.4 years), enrolled in an American university with a college dedicated to adult students, were interviewed to assess their learning experiences and felt impact after completing a psychology course created upon adult learning principles. Findings revealed that students progressed through a five-themed model that challenged their pre-existing meaning structures, caused emotional and cognitive disequilibrium, and pushed them toward irrevocable change.     

Development of the self-directed learning skills scale

The purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable scale for assessing high school students’ self-directed learning skills. Based on a literature review and data obtained from similar instruments, all skills related to self-directed learning were identified. Next, an item pool was prepared and administered to 255 students from various high schools. To test the suitability of the gathered data, exploratory factor analysis was performed. The results revealed that there were correlations between the items, factor analysis could be conducted and nine factors were obtained. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed concerning the quality of the factor structure. The results of the CFA confirmed the nine-factor solution. The final version of the scale has a nine-factor structure and includes a total of 40 items. This instrument uses a five-point Likert-type scale and was termed the Self-Directed Learning Skills Scale (SDLSS).     

Linking learning theories and learning difficulties

Abstract

Developing effective strategies to support secondary students with learning difficulties is important because they are the most prevalent students with special educational needs in contemporary mainstream classes. A learner‐focused instructional approach that incorporates meaning‐making, student control, and acceptance of errors, combined with explicit instruction will facilitate the learning of students with learning difficulties. This approach derives from an instructional setting model of learning difficulties, as distinct from a deficit model or an inefficient learner model, and draws on principles from constructivist learning theory and whole language theory. Guided by this model and these principles, secondary teachers can design curricula and classroom environments that support the needs of all students.     

Motivation of adults: implications of adult learning theories for distance education

This paper attempts to address the problem of motivating adults, particularly but not only in the context of distance teaching. Its approach is needs based, in that it identifies in some detail the needs and interests of adults, due to an acceptance of a viewpoint promoted constantly in adult learning theories – that effective learning should be based on the needs and interest characteristics of the adult learner.

Thus this paper will attempt to: review the general principles of adult learning; describe in detail the nature of the adult learner; as suggested by current literature; provide suggestions for the design of learning programmes for adults; review some implications for tertiary colleges and their staff, particularly those engaged in correspondence teaching, of accepting ideas about motivation derived from adult learning theories.     

成人学习及其学习策略养成

成人在走出了发展终结论的谬误规限后，迎来了崭新的学习与教育的春天。成人学习在成人的发展与成人学习的关联中呈现了鲜活的生命力，但是成人学习并不是先验地具有发展的活力，在实践领域的开拓需要我们关注成人学习策略的养成。