Collective Collection,Collective Action

The economic situation of higher education, creation of vast digital collections, restructuring of knowledge production and distribution, and changing technologies and work practices give libraries incentives collectively to address a number of opportunities. Among these is adopting a radically collaborative approach to print collections. We extrapolate from shared print programs in the United States in 2012 a vision for print collections in the 2020s and discuss the developments needed to achieve it. This vision is the desirable outcome of libraries’ defining their mission less in terms of serving local interests with local means than collectively serving students and scholars.     

Decisions,decisions, decisions: decision fatigue in academic librarianship

Decision fatigue is the phenomenon in which a large number of decisions or choices made over a period of time hinders the ability to competently make further decisions. While addressed in the literature of other professions, the concept has not been included in the inventory of phenomena that potentially affects librarians. This paper presents the results of a survey which draws attention to decision fatigue and allows academic librarians to recognize the symptoms while suggesting ways to overcome its effects.     

从集体作者的署名方式谈对作者的版权保护

调查、比较了国内外53种学术类和技术类期刊论文中集体作者的署名情况及方式。由结果可见，在集体作者的署名方式上，国内期刊突出的是集体，淡化了个人，而国外一流的医学期刊突出的是论文的主要作者，同时兼顾了集体。     

Extended Collective Licensing and Archives

While extended collective licensing (ECL) is seen by many to be the solution to the use of copyright-protected works in the digital environment, this column critically examines the extent to which ECL applies to the holdings of archival institutions, and concludes that archival holdings and ECL are not a good match.     

From data to decisions: Using surveys and statistics to make collection management decisions

Librarians are well known as gatherers of statistics and other data. However, we do not always use the information that we gather, preferring instead to point to the numbers themselves as evidence of our work. This presentation attempted both to describe the benefits and drawbacks of numerous ways to accumulate information about our collections and library services and to show how that information can be used to make collection management decisions. The types of data to be described include usage statistics, subject–date analysis, bibliography or peer comparisons, patron input, cost-per-use, wear and tear, and anecdotal evidence. No one method of gathering data will give a complete picture. However, using a combination of data gathering methods can help to give an overall picture of the strengths and weaknesses of a given collection and give clues about what areas may need development—or can be ignored.     

Collective administration of literary works

Reproduction rights organizations, which administer reproduction copyrights collectively, are one of the major implementation mechanisms for copyright law, on both a national and an international level. The operation of RROs is described, with examples from Norway, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The International Federation of Reproduction Rights is discussed, and future plans for licensing databases are summarized. This article was adapted from a presentation to Latin American Copyright Specialists at the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C., May 1991, which was sponsored by the International Copyright Institute of the U.S. Copyright Office and the World Intellectual Property Organization.     

学位论文著作权集体管理模式初探

论文通过对我国现有的四种学位论文著作权管理模式进行分析,分析每种模式所存在的优势与不足,提出解决我国学位论文著作权管理的最可行方案——法定许可制度的完善。     

垄断与限制垄断:著作权集体管理在信息网络时代的扩张

本文分析了传统著作权集体管理在信息网络环境下扩张的合理性,介绍了国内外著作权集体管理相应的立法进展,并从适当垄断支持与防止垄断侵害两个方面,讨论了信息网络著作权集体管理的具体立法措施。     

����ѡ����

集体选书论是馆员选书与读者选书的辩证统一，是社会文献与读者需求发展到一定历史阶段的产物。纵观国内外集体选书的现状，还存在许多问题，需求进一步改革和完善。     

Labor and Collective Bargaining Web Sites

Abstract

This chapter outlines key resources in the labor and collective bargaining fields. The author covers Web directories, Web sites of the U.S. government and international organizations, unions, academic institutions, professional organizations, and interest groups.     

The inherent sharing of conservation decisions

Abstract

This paper provides an understanding of an under-explored aspect of the sharing of conservation decisions. In particular, it argues that conservation decisions are inherently shared in at least three senses. First, conservation is conceived as a field of shared values, principles, and decision-making methodology, and aspires to a universally shared ethic. This view is supported by the logical and ethical consistency of existing Codes of Ethics, and is made manifest with the aid of a conceptual model of what science is. Second, conservation decisions are conditioned by the identity of heritage entities. The values comprising the heritage identity of an entity transcend space and time boundaries; they are interrelated and interdependent and, as such, shared. Third, the benefits but also the harms stemming from conservation decisions and actions are distributed and shared among all people for whom the object of a conservation decision is heritage. As dictated by the do-no-harm principle, conservators have a duty to consider risks of such harms when making decisions.     

联合建库 资源共享——21世纪中国高校图书馆展望

21世纪，我国高校图书馆需要在网络环境下进行联合建库、资源共调。这项工种不但为读者提供网络公共查询，还能实现高校图书馆界的资源共享，但是，全国范围内高校信息资源共享还存在许多问题和障碍，文章针对这些问题并且提出了解决方案。     

科技期刊著作权的集体管理

从科技期刊著作权集体管理的角度解读<著作权集体管理条例>,探讨建立科技期刊著作权集体管理的必要性和可行性以及存在的问题.     

Teachers’ decisions in using basal readers

One reason for the continuing popularity of basal reading programs is that they help to reduce the countless, decisions teachers must make every day. They do not, however, eliminate teachers' decision making. Using a basal series selectively and critically requires teachers to make daily choices and frequently to overrule the basal authors' suggestions. Considering the importance of the decisions to be made with respect to basals, preservice and inservice education should provide specific guidance in evaluating and using these instructional materials, at the same time that teachers are strengthening the general knowledge base that supports prudent decision making. Margaret Early, chair of the Department of Instruction and Curriculum in the College of Education at the University of Florida and past president of the National Council of Teachers of English, has served on the Board of Directors of the International Reading Association. She is the senior author of a basal reading program published by Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.     

A new framework for digital publishing decisions

Developments in publishing are drawing publishers into an area where it is becoming more and more difficult to assess by conventional methods whether a given activity or product is financially a good thing or not. The article looks at the reasons for this and proposes a new financial framework for decisions for publishers to ensure continued profitability as their activities develop.     

集体标引质量控制

本文就当前数据库建设中的集体标引质量控制问题进行了两方面的探讨：一是集体标引质量控制的技术因素,即选词原则,标引的深度与标引的一致性等;二是集体标引质量控制的管理因素,即标引规则的制度与实施,质量检查等。     

Analyzing faculty citations for effective collection management decisions

The article provides details of a faculty citation analysis study conducted at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. The citation analysis analyzed faculty citations for publications published from 2002 to 2010. The citation analysis was used for a collection assessment project and continues to be used, along with other data to help assist with collection management decisions.     

A Collective Impact Approach To The Reading Achievement Gap

Abstract

This essay profiles The Big Lift, a multi-agency initiative to improve third-grade reading proficiency in San Mateo County, California. The Big Lift is an example of collective impact, in which organizations from different sectors unite around a common agenda to solve a social challenge. This kind of initiative goes beyond collaboration, requiring its own infrastructure, dedicated staff, ongoing communication and shared measurements of success. Library participation is critical to the success of community and literacy-focused collective impact projects like The Big Lift.     

Collective dynamics in knowledge networks: Emerging trends analysis

This paper addresses emerging trends in the collective dynamics found in knowledge networks, those networks composed of the relationships among knowledge sources, such as citation networks and keyword networks. In studying the formation and detection of new trends in the process of knowledge evolution, we use the collective dynamics approach to construct a network of knowledge clusters based on citation clustering. This approach explores the processes and rules of new trends emerging in knowledge clusters by examining the continuous changes in keyword vectors found in the interaction and coordination between evolving knowledge clusters. In direct citation networks, the collective dynamics approach is found to be superior to the baseline method, especially in predicting small knowledge fields with less data and more uncertainties.     

学位论文著作权集体管理模式分析

从著作权集体管理的角度,结合学位论文著作权集体管理的现状分析,提出学位论文著作权集体管理模式的发展思路,为更多学位论文作者的合法权益提供维护和保障,对学位论文著作权集体管理体系的完善、学位论文著作权保护的规范化和科学化管理具有现实的意义。