5-氨基四唑及其衍生物的合成和应用综述

文章综述了5-氨基四唑及其4种衍生物高氯酸.四氨.双(5-硝基四唑)合钴(Ⅲ)(BNCP)、3,6-双(l-氢-l,2,3,4-四唑-5-氨基)-l,2,4,5-四嗪(BTATz)、5-氨基四唑的Schiff碱、α-(5-四唑基)氨基烃基膦酸酯的合成、性质与应用.     

Preparation and Photoconductivity of Fe—Phthalocyanine Derivation and C60 Composite FIlms

Fe(Ⅲ)-2,9,16,23-tertracarboxy-phthalocyanine(Fe(Ⅲ)-taPc)was synthesized.and bonded to polystyrene(PS) with covalence by Friedel-Crafts reaction to form a new polymer(Fe(Ⅲ)-tapC-PS) (polymer(II)),UV-VIS and Infrared spectra indicated that Fe(Ⅲ)-taPc was successfully bonded to PS.A photoreceptor device of sandwich structure consisting of alternate layers of poly-mer(II)and fullerene(C60) was prepared.The experiment results show that the photoconductivity of the photoreceptor is higher than that of the single-layer film of polymer(II) or C60,because of the charge-transfer effect between the layers.     

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of goat ovaries,follicles and oocytes in view of in vitro production of embryos

Goat ovaries were collected from the slaughterhouse and categorized as right, left, corpus luteum （CL）-present and -absent group and evaluated on the basis of weight （g）, length （cm）, width （cm）, number of follicles, follicles aspirated and number and state ofcumulus-oocyte-complexes （COCs）. Comparatively higher weight [（0.66±0.02） vs （0.64±0.02） g], length [（1.17±0.02） vs （1.1 ±0.02） cm] and width [（0.77±0.02） vs （0.74±0.02） cm] were found in right ovaries than those of left. On the other hand significantly （P〈0.05） higher weight [（0.71±0.03） vs （0.64±0.01） g] and width [（0.76±0.03） vs （0.75±0.01） cm] were found in CL-present group than those of CL-absent group of ovaries. The left ovaries contained comparatively higher number of normal COCs [（1.06±0.09） per ovary] than fight ovaries [（1.03±0.10） per ovary] and the similar trend was found in total number of follicles [（4.51±0.25） vs （4.30±0.23） per ovary] and follicles aspirated [（2.55±0.14） vs （2.52±0.12） per ovary]. But the total COCs per ovary was almost similar in both ovaries [right and left： （1.85±0.12） and （1.85±0.11） per ovary, respectively]. Higher number of total COCs [（1.87±0.09） vs （1.76±0.16） per ovary], total number of follicles [（4.45±0.19） vs （4.16±0.37） per ovary], follicles aspirated [（2.55±0.10） vs （2.48±0.21） per ovary] and normal COCs [（1.12±0.07） vs （0.76±0.14） per ovary] were found in CL-absent group than those of CL-present group of ovaries.     

春秋滑国兴灭暨地望考－春秋晋国诗歌创作历史文化背景研究之四

大致在周成王元年（约前1063年）至周成王三年（约前1061年）之间，周公旦灭箴姓滑方，以其故地封予姬姓亲族，此后，姬姓滑国将其都邑由滑西迁于费；晋襄公元年（前627年），姬姓滑国为秦所灭，并于此年晋取其姬姓故地为滑邑。     

实与复方阵的相合标准形和同时对角化

综述实与复方阵的相合标准形和同时对角化的研究成果 ,得到 :(i)正定与半正定实方阵的相合标准形、以及相合的全系不变量 .对应的实矩阵偶〈A ,B〉的相合标准形 ,其中A为 (半 )正定对称阵 ,B为斜对称阵 ;(ii)半正定与正定复方阵的H -相合标准形以及H -相合的全系不变量 .对应的复矩阵偶〈A ,B〉的H -相合标准形 ,其中A为 (半 )正定Hermite阵 ,B为斜Hermite阵 ;(iii)实 (复 )矩阵偶〈A ,B〉的相合 (H -相合 )标准形 ,其中A为半正定对称 (Hermite)阵 ,B为斜对称(Hermite)阵 .相应的二实 (复 )方阵同时相合 (H -相合 )对角化问题的结果 .最后特别指出复方阵一个独有的性质 ,给出两类可H -相合对角化的复方阵 .     

Effects of different sequences of examples and problems on motivation and learning

Recent research has shown that example study only (EE) and example-problem pairs (EP) were more effective (i.e., higher test performance) and efficient (i.e., attained with less effort invested in learning and/or test tasks) than problem-example pairs (PE) and problem solving only (PP). We conducted two experiments to investigate how different example and problem-solving sequences would affect motivational (i.e., self-efficacy, perceived competence, and topic interest) and cognitive (i.e., effectiveness and efficiency) aspects of learning. In Experiment 1, 124 technical students learned a mathematical task with the help of EEEE, EPEP, PEPE, or PPPP and then completed a posttest. Students in the EEEE Condition showed higher posttest performance, self-efficacy, and perceived competence, attained with less effort investment, than students in the EPEP and PPPP Condition. Surprisingly, there were no differences between the EPEP and PEPE Condition on any of the outcome measures. We hypothesized that, because the tasks were relevant for technical students, starting with a problem might not have negatively affected their motivation. Therefore, we replicated the experiment with a different sample of 81 teacher training students. Experiment 2 showed an efficiency benefit of EEEE over EPEP, PEPE, and PPPP. However, only EEEE resulted in greater posttest performance, self-efficacy, and perceived competence than PPPP. We again did not find any differences between the EPEP and PEPE Condition. These results suggest that, at least when short training phases are used, studying examples (only) is more preferable than problem solving only for learning. Moreover, this study showed that example study (only) also enhances motivational aspects of learning whereas problem solving only does not positively affect students’ motivation at all.     

春秋"吴头楚尾"界说

“吴头楚尾”,顾名思义,是吴国与楚国的交界的地区。吴国与楚国交界之事,全在春秋时期。“吴头楚尾”,在今河南省、湖北省、湖南省的东界之东,即在今安徽省、江西省境内。“吴头楚尾”的争战之事。主要发生在今安徽省的北部与中部。吴国攻取和占领艾邑（今赣西北地区）的时间,在公元前504年至公元前495年之间。从公元前495年至公元前473年。是吴楚边界的稳定时期。吴国辖有番邑（令赣东北地区）和艾邑（今赣西北地区）;今江西中部和南部地区,大致属于楚国。（在令安徽境内）楚国的东界：乾溪、城父（今毫州市）——胡（今阜阳市）——英（今金寨县）——舒庸（今霍山县）——今宿松县。（在今安徽境内）吴国的西界：房钟（今蒙城县）——州来（今凤台县）——六（今六安市）——舒（今舒城县）——灊（今潜山县）。     

Preparation and Photoconductivity of Fe-Phthalocyanine Derivation and C_(60) Composite Films

1　Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　Ｒｅｃｅｎｔｌｙｐｈｔｈａｌｏｃｙａｎｉｎｅｓ (Ｐｃｓ)ａｓｏｒｇａｎｉｃｓｅｍｉｃｏｎ ｄｕｃｔｏｒｓｈａｖｅａｔｔｒａｃｔｅｄｍｏｒｅａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｂｅｃａｕｓｅｔｈｅｙａｒｅｖｅｒｙｓｔａｂｌｅ .Ｐｃｓ ｐｏｓｓｅｓｓｂｅｔｔｅｒ ｐｈｏｔｏｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃａｌｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓａｎｄｈｉｇｈｌｙａｂｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎｉｎｔｈｅｖｉｓｉｂｌｅｌｉｇｈｔｒｅ ｇｉｏｎ .ＳｏｍｅｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆＰｃｓｃａｎｂｅｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｄａｌｏｔｂｙｂｏｎｄｉｎｇｔｏｐ…     

文化使命感与问题意识--王水照的学术成就和治学方法

王水照的人生道路历经坎坷和磨难,学术生涯几经波折和反复,但仍然取得了很高的学术成就,其贡献主要体现在以下五大领域:一是苏轼研究,二是散文研究,三是宋词研究,四是专题性的综合研究,五是钱锺书研究。他肩负高度的文化使命感,带着强烈的问题意识进入传统学术和现当代文化的现场,以深邃的阐释学意识,用清透精当的语言,为唐宋文学描绘出深广的文化背景、思想图景和学术地图,做到了历史与逻辑的统一,从而凸显出学术的主体性、特殊性和个体性。     

Contributions of stimulus-incentive and stimulus-response-incentive contingencies to response acquisition and maintenance

The effects of stimulus-incentive (S:IS) contingency, stimulus-response-incentive (S:R:IS) contingency, and stimulus-no-response-incentive (S:R:IS) contingency on the acquisition and maintenance of an instrumental approach-contact response in the rat were studied. The experiment, concerned mainly with the temporal distribution of responses, showed that (1) the S:IS contingency and the S:R:IS contingency produced the same temporal distribution of responses; (2) the S:R:IS contingency produced higher rates of response than the S:IS contingency; (3) the negative S:R:IS contingency did not completely eradicate already established responses; and (4)post-CS responding occurred on reinforced trials. Consideration of these results indicates that the critical factor determining the higher rates of response under the S:R:IS contingency may be the S:R:IS occasions experienced only in the instrumental procedure.     

The Representation and Comprehension of Place-on-the-Page and Text-Sequence Memory

Readers' memories for the physical location and sequence of information in a text were measured to further explore how they are represented in memory and their relation to comprehension. Participants read a biography or an expository essay and were tested on their comprehension of the text, memory for the location of information on a page of text (place on the page), and temporal memory for the sequence of information in a text (text sequencing). Results suggest that (a) readers store a substantial amount of text-sequencing information, (b) memory for text-sequencing information is strongly related to comprehension, (c) memory for place on the page is very weak, and (d) memory for place-on-the-page and text-sequencing information appear to be distinct. Our results indicate that text-sequence information is part of the textbase or situation model, whereas place-on-the-page information is a surface-level memory.     

期刊改革与创新

我国期刊业存在种类多、精品少;各自为战、缺乏合作;不适应现代期刊发展方向,竞争优势弱,缺乏国际竞争力等问题。必须转变机制、集约化发展;注重质量,提高核心竞争力,打造精品期刊;利用网络,构建期刊数字出版平台。     

Separation and identification of cis and trans isomers of 2-butene-1,4-diol and lafutidine by HPLC and LC-MS

The cis and trans isomers separation of2-butene- 1,4-diol and lafutidine were studied by HPLC on two kinds of chiral columns: (S,S)-Whelk-O 1 and ChiraSpher. The isomers of 2-butene-1,4-diol can be separated on both chiral columns while the isomers of lafutidine can only be resolved on ChiraSpher column. The influence of different type and amount of mobile phase modifier on the isomers separation was extensively studied. The resolution of cis and trans isomers of 2-butene-1,4-diol was 2.61 on (S,S)-Whelk-O 1 column with hexane-ethanol (97:3, v/v) as the mobile phase. The resolution of lafutidine was 1.89 on ChiraSpher column with hexane-ethanol-THF-diethylamine (92:3:5:0.1, v/v/v/v) as the mobile phase. LC-MS methods were developed to identify the isomer peaks.     

Correlations between teacher and student background and teacher perceptions of discipline problems and disciplinary techniques

A survey of elementary school teachers was conducted to examine the relations between teacher perceptions of discipline problems and disciplinary techniques and five background characteristics of teachers and students: (a) teacher education, (b) teacher experience, (c) student social class, (d) student ethnicity, and (e) student grade level. In general, more experienced and educated teachers preferred confronting students about misbehavior, while less educated teachers rated physical or verbal punishments more favorably. Teachers in schools serving lower social classes and/or more minority students reported more discipline problems and more use of physical punishment. Many other significant relations were reported.     

Criteria and indicators as negotiated knowledge and the challenge of transfer

This paper aims to understand the effects on which criteria and indicators for (education for) sustainable development [(E)SD] are based in terms of knowledge transfer. Therefore, (E)SD criteria and indicators in general are regarded as negotiated and established knowledge, incorporating expectations. As such, this knowledge can be spread throughout the educational system in order to create a new order brought about by learning. Such a knowledge transfer takes place in different contexts, for instance, while (a) developing criteria and indicators, (b) applying them in organisations, and (c) reporting on criteria and indicators, thereby contributing to the diffusion of concrete social knowledge. The transfer of knowledge incorporated in criteria and indicators is revisited in the light of the concept of ‘loose coupling’ and of different paradigms, and is inspired by neo-institutionalist approaches. Drawing on these concepts, the paper discusses the challenge of transfer and suggests to overcome one-dimensional approaches to (E)SD development.     

核壳型无皂苯丙乳液的合成及性能研究

采用核壳-无皂乳液聚合技术,以丙烯酸丁酯为核,苯乙烯为壳,合成了具有高稳定性的聚（苯乙烯／丙烯酸丁酯）乳液．同时,还对不同配方的乳液及其涂膜的综合性能进行了研究,总结了组成与性能之间的关系;考察了引发剂浓度、齐聚物浓度以及反应温度对乳液性能的影响．通过单因素的分析,确定了各因素的最佳配比,硬软单体比例为St／BA=70／30,其中齐聚物MMA／AA=6／1,齐聚物的质量为单体总质量的6．0％,在壳聚合中AA占单体总量的5．0％,引发剂的用量为单体总质量的0．4％,交联剂的用量为单体总质量的0．5％。制得的乳液综合性能良好．     

Effects and mechanisms of surfactants on physical properties and microstructures of metakaolin-based geopolymer

In this study, the effects of five different ionic and nonionic surfactants on the physical properties and microstructures of a metakaolin-based geopolymer(MKG) were investigated. It is the first comprehensive comparative study of the effects of sodium lauryl sulfonate(SLS), alkyl polyglycoside(APG), benzalkonium chloride(BAC), sucrose fatty acid esters(SE), and stearic acid(STA) on MKG. Viscosity, densities, apparent water absorption, and compressive strength were measured, and pore structures, micro-defects, and gels observed through scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP). In the MKG slurry, a high affinity of surfactants to liquid-air interfaces increased viscosity and promoted the generation of bubbles. Based on both the ionic types and molecular configurations of the surfactants, stronger adsorption of a surfactant on the surface of the metakaolin resulted in better dispersion of metakaolin particles and a denser microstructure of the MKG. The surfactants with weaker adsorption(SLS and APG) caused higher porosity, a larger pore size, and more micro-defects, while those with stronger adsorption(BAC, SE, and STA) led to relatively lower porosity and denser microstructures. Density, water absorption, and compressive strength were closely related to the total intrusion porosity of the MKG. The mechanisms underlying surfactant adsorption to the surface of metakaolin are proposed.     

Chi-Square Tests of Association and Goodness of Fit from Proportions and Percentages

Formulas are derived for computing the chi-square statistic from proportions or percentages, both for tests of goodness of fit and association. The advantages of the new formulas are: (1) computation is conceptually more congruent with the hypothesis being tested; (2) interpretation is facilitated (expected frequencies and discrepancies in frequencies are a function of sample size, whereas expected proportions and corresponding discrepancies are not); and (3) computation is facilitated in contingency tables since expected proportions do not need to be determined separately for each cell.     

龚易图与乌石山房、大通楼藏书

龚易图（1835～1893）,字蔼仁,号含晶,福建闽县（今福州市）人,咸丰九年（1859）进士。光绪年间曾任江苏、广东、云南、湖南的按察使、布政使。易图能诗画,喜藏书,藏书处有双骖园的乌石山房和环碧轩大通楼,所藏书籍内容广泛,有不少珍本善本,并曾订有阅览规程。目前台湾大学图书馆所藏之中文古籍多来自于此,还有一部分由后人捐献给福建省图书馆。     

J函数的边际修正估计及比较

J函数是1-G(t)和1-F(t)的比值.文章把关于G(t)和F(t)的估计扩展到J(t)并对其进行了比较研究,包括偏差、样本方差和最大偏离的比较.