A Case Study of Preschool Children’s Musical Interests at Home and at School

In the interaction between the child and the adult, interest can be a significant motivational initiator of activities. Systematic monitoring and development of the interest in music activities enables the teachers to influence the preschool children in forming a positive attitude towards the art of music. The research involving preschool teachers, children at the age of five to six and their parents, was conducted in order to determine the interest of preschool teachers and children in music activities. We found that the teachers showed greatest interest in singing songs, playing instruments and listening to music. The children’s favourite activities in kindergarten were movement to music (dancing), singing songs and playing on instruments, namely activities where they could take active part in the educational process. The parents reported that at home the children preferred most to listen to music, to sing songs and move to the sounds of music, and less to play on instruments and to be creative in music. The development of the children’s interest in music depends on the teachers’ expression of interest in music activities, on the choice of music activities and music contents and on the experience in the music environment of the family.     

英语否定转移的表达方式及其汉译

否定转移是指位置上与一个词或短语放在一起的否定词,有时在意义上或逻辑上可转移到去否定另一个词或短语。通过总结英语否定转移的四种表达方式,即从一般否定转移到特指否定;从特指否定转移到一般否定;从一种特指否定转移到另一种特指否定;从否定主句谓语动词转移到否定从句谓语动词,来探讨其在汉语中的翻译,以期进一步提高翻译的准确性。     

论培养和提高师范生写作思维能力的环节

本文对如何培养和提高师专中文专业生写作思维能力的问题进行了探讨,主张在写作教学中教师必须把握好四个环节：一是明确思维特点,讲授思维方法;二是抓住写作理论课堂,引导学生走上科学思维轨道;三是加大文章赏析力度,锻炼科学思维能力;四是抓好习作实践,提高学生写作思维能力。     

Japan’s colonial policies – from national assimilation to the Kominka Movement: a comparative study of primary education in Taiwan and Korea (1937–1945)

The eight-year-long period from Japan’s initiation of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937 to its unconditional surrender in 1945 forced Japan to invest its national economy and industrial and scientific technologies in the war. In addition, in the name of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, Japan initiated its assimilation and Kominka (Japanisation) policies (皇民化政策) in the colonies Korea and Taiwan. Japan used education as a tool to expand its influence over members of society, and attempted the frequent use of Japanese and Kominka (皇民化) in daily life to penetrate the awareness of people in the colonies. Japan also started to enforce various assimilation policies. A comparison of the implementation of Kominka policies (皇民化政策) in Taiwan and Korea shows that, in terms of school admission rates and frequency of use of Japanese, the proportion of school admission rates for frequent speakers of Japanese to primary education in Taiwan are significantly higher than those in Korea. Moreover, in terms of primary education, national schools were implemented in both Taiwan and Korea according to the “National School Order” promulgated in 1941. Japan made use of the term “education equality” to win people over. In fact, it aimed to strengthen the concept of Kominka (皇民化), the education of militarism, and to force the Taiwanese and Koreans to become “imperial citizens” loyal to the Emperor. Japan’s ultimate objective was to create an environment that met military needs for civilian and military resources.     

The Scientist as School Teacher

Many scientists, driven by the teaching impulse, idealism, or the wish to see science thrive in the United States, take up one or another form of school teaching or participate in programs designed to enhance science teachers' knowledge of science and science teaching skills. Funding is available, from governmental and private sources, to support innovative programs designed to increase the supply of well-trained science teachers. The provision of new funds to support graduate programs in fundamental science that provide a separate track for graduate students who choose a career in teaching, in preference to a career in the laboratory, is a particularly promising development. It is essential that such programs include proper training in pedagogy. Above all, the Nation must recognize the need to provide proper long-term salary support for science teachers in the public schools countrywide, if any of the programs to improve teaching is to succeed.     

Against the humiliation of thought: The university as a space of dystopic destruction and utopian potential

Abstract

My objective in this paper is to write a pharmacology of the university by thinking about its relationship to systemic stupidity, intelligence, and the possibility of becoming. Starting with an exploration of the contemporary dystopia of drive-based stupidity imagined by the French philosopher Bernard Stiegler, which I seek to capture through the idea of the humiliation of thought, I look to deepen his response to this situation by suggesting a return to the work of two of his key sources, Martin Heidegger and Gilles Deleuze. My objective here is to use their work in relation to Stiegler’s in order to suggest a utopia of educational becoming. Following my exploration of Stiegler’s dystopia, in the second part of the article I read Heidegger’s philosophy in order to formulate a utopian theory of education becoming, which is sensitive to the possibility of authoritarianism contained in his catastrophic decision to become a member of the Nazi party. Against the dystopic humiliation of thought Heidegger’s turn to Nazism can be seen to represent, I turn to Deleuze in the name of a model of educational becoming that recognises difference in itself, before noting that this philosophical approach has similarly found humiliation in the contemporary neoliberal university dominated by a form of rhizomatic power. Finally, I look to develop a fusion of Heideggerian and Deleuzean approaches to deepen Stiegler’s pharmacological critique of the contemporary dystopia of systemic stupidity and its potential resolution in an educational utopia of invention on the other side of the humiliation of thought.     

广义价值初探

广义价值是从系统论角度出发定义的。所谓价值就是事物与事物之间在相互联系、相互作用的关系中所产生的影响。广义价值不仅考察事物(包括人)的价值,还考察对事物(包括人)的价值。前者包括事物的外在价值和内在价值,后者包括外部事物及环境对事物的价值以及事物内部要素对事物的价值。广义价值的定义有多方面的意义。     

Leaping Out of Our Skins: Postmodern considerations in use of an electronic whiteboard to foster critical engagement in early literacy lessons

Postmodern theory is used to consider literacy instruction with and without an electronic whiteboard to investigate what it means to move beyond using technology to replicate older models of classroom structure that may be historically situated but that also limit or at least, do not support engagement in ways that may be possible through use of new technologies. Using postmodern theory in this regard is a way in which to consider again the thoughts and practices that tend to construct identities and ideologies in ways that work against true engagement in literacy tasks, lead to subjection and demonstration of acquiescence in place of engagement that leads to participation and critical engagement. Critical engagement as opposed to gaining and maintaining student attention to task are considered in this paper. Thinking about use of the electronic whiteboard from a postmodern perspective cautions us about careful use of this technology to avoid sending messages to students about them and their role in literacy development, the classroom, and in society.     

The Functions Of Context In Finding The Equivalent Words In Translation

"Context" covers from pure linguistics to the situation in which a linguistic expression takes place, and to the social and cultural background of communication. Translation is a kind of inter-lingual and eross-euhural communication in which context plays an important role to achieve information equivalence in all levels. This thesis strives to investigate how context interplays with wording in translation, exemplified with an English-Chinese translation to illustrate how differ-ent interpretations of the source language contexts lead to different wordings in translation. It concludes that translators must be context-sensitive to comprehend to meanings of a word in SL. And that's the basis to select an equivalent word of the closest meanings in all level in the TL.     

马克思主义灵魂的两个不等式

在马克思主义灵魂问题上有两个不等式,一是马克思主义的灵魂不等于马克思主义的基本原理,马克思主义的基本原理是社会主义革命和建设中所必须“运用的武器”,而马克思主义的灵魂则是“武器的运用”。二是实事求是不全等于马克思主义的灵魂,马克思主义灵魂意义上的实事求是不是一般意义上的实事求是,而是特指与马克思主义基本原理相联系,为着解决社会主义革命和建设的理论与策略问题而去找立场,找观点,找方法的理论联系实际的思想方法和实践过程。因而,只有符合先进性,革命性和人民性特征的实事求是,才是马克思主义灵魂意义上的实事求是。     

A proposal to encourage intuitive learning in a senior-level analogue electronics course

One of the most important issues in the reorganisation of engineering education is to consider new pedagogical techniques to help students develop skills and an adaptive expertise. This expertise consists of being able to recognise the nature of a problem intuitively, and also recognising recurring patterns in different types of problems. In the particular case of analogue electronics, an additional difficulty seems to be that understanding involves both analytic skills and an intuitive grasp of circuit characteristics. This paper presents a proposal to help senior students to think intuitively in order to identify the common issue involved in a group of problems of analogue electronics and build an abstract concept based on, for example, a theory or a mathematical model in order to use it to solve future problems. The preliminary results suggest that this proposal could be useful to promote intuitive reasoning in analogue electronics courses. The experience would later be useful to graduates in analytically solving new types of problems or in designing new electronic circuits.     

论辛亥精神

辛亥精神是指在辛亥革命过程中,以孙中山为代表的革命派为了推翻满清统治、建立资产阶级共和国而彰显的一种敢为天下先的不怕牺牲、勇往直前、追求民主与进步的优秀品质。它开启了20世纪中国人民精神的新风貌,是激励中国人民救国救民和推动中国社会进步的强大动力,这种精神对我们今天仍有积极的意义。     

从新托福考试看英语听力训练

即将于2D04年正式开始的新托福考试目前已经通过美国KIS中心设计的“LanguEdge”(锋利英语)教程中的考题模型呈现出来，新托福的宗旨基本上是对听、说、读、写综合应用能力的真正考查。新托福试题的内容和题型变得更加贴近北美大学学习和生活的实用需求。相对于旧托福而言，新托福明显增加了我国众多考生明显薄弱的听、说两个环节。新托福不仅将会给中国的英语教学带来一个新的冲击，促进我国英语教学的改革，而且还会给我们的听力教学带来不少有益的启示。     

试论学术道德失范的原因与对策

当前学术界存在学术道德失范的现象,其主要原因是学术人个体职业道德水平下滑造成的,学术道德教育没有得到社会应有的重视、不合理的学术利益引导机制、不甚健全的管理体制和缺乏行之有效的惩罚措施是其客观原因。遏制这一现象的发生和蔓延主要应重视学术道德修养和学术道德教育;改革现行的学术评价机制;规范学术管理;加大对学术腐败行为的惩处力度。     

试论中国成人教育的发展趋势

随着社会发展的不断推进,未来社会的竞争将会越来越激烈。中国成人教育要想顺应未来社会的发展,使自己在日益竞争激烈的未来社会中脱颖而出。就需要增强自己应对社会变化的能力,这样才能更好地去顺应时代发展的潮流,那么我国成人教育在应对社会变化这个过程中,必将呈现出新的发展趋势。     

Assessing Course Content Relevance for Employment of Adult Non-Formal Education and Training Graduates in South Africa

The purpose of this article is to assess the course content relevance in contributing to wage- or self-employment of adult non-formal education and training (NFET) in the context of South Africa. The concern that informed this article is that adults who face long-term unemployment due to a lack of marketable skills remain unemployed after completing NFET programmes. Findings reveal that in the private and few public centres, the course contents included vocational skills training, a component of practicum and entrepreneurial training in order to meet the needs and objectives of the formerly unemployed trainees. For graduates who participated in the private training centres and whose objective was to become self-employed, the training course contents contributed to starting of a micro-enterprise or co-operative. The author concludes that in most of the private centres and few public centres the course contents were relevant in contributing to self-employment of the graduates. The cause is that a number of centres provided vocational skills combined with business skills in order to enable graduates to be involved in income-generating activities.     

高等学校科技档案规范管理的问题与对策

高等学校科技档案日益丰富,但是科技档案工作普遍存在价值低估、管理制度缺位、专业化引导缺乏、科技泄密和知识产权争议等问题。为此,需要建设专兼结合的高素质档案管理队伍,提高科技档案的利用率;完善管理机制,增强科技资料归档制度的执行力;加大宣传力度,提升科技人员和档案管理人员的保密意识和能力;加强信息平台建设,提高科技档案管理信息化水平;开阔视野,构建高校科技档案资源共享系统。     

Exploring the potential rationale for the privatization of higher education in China

The last three decades have witnessed great social, political and economic change in China since the market reforms in the late 1970s. A market economy was adopted as a replacement to the planned economy in order to allocate resources more efficiently. Consequently, higher education in China has undergone dramatic reforms to adapt to this socio-economic transition. This paper adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining fieldwork data with documentary analysis, to investigate the rationales of privatization in Chinese universities. It starts by examining the conceptualization of privatization. This is followed by an introduction of the public/private mix in the higher education sector in China. It then turns to explore drivers of the higher education reforms. A key contribution of this paper therefore is a systematic examination of the causes and the aims of privatization identified in Western literature set in the context of radical change as seen in the Chinese context. Drawing to fieldwork data, this paper presents findings that stand in conflict with prior studies. This investigation of the implementation of the Chinese privatization reveals both common features shared with Western practice but also a special uniqueness. It concludes by arguing that the neo-liberal reforms in higher education in China is likely to be used as a contingency strategy to encourage private spending, rather than suggesting a paradigm shift in university governance.     

军校大学生心理问题的产生及解消

军校大学生正处在人的一生中心理发展变化最为激烈的青年期 ,面临着一系列生理、心理和军校特殊环境方面的适应体验。心理发展的不成熟、自我同一性的不确定、情绪的不稳定等特点 ,使他们的心理冲突时有发生 ,极易导致适应不良 ,出现紧张焦虑感 ,闭守孤独感、消沉自卑感、低落抑郁感、压抑苦闷感等心理问题。在分析心理问题成因的基础上 ,探讨如何加强军校大学生心理健康教育。