"涅瓦大街":关于女性的叙事——果戈理《涅瓦大街》女性形象的解读

对果戈理短篇小说<涅瓦大街>的三个女性形象--"女性集体"、"黑发姑娘"和"金发女郎"给予考察,分析其基于男性成见的小说叙事所赋予的女性形象特质--"不确定性"、"无名性"、"被动性"、"失语"和"智性缺席"等,对女性形象实行操作和控制的小说叙事策略,其目的在于建构男性主导的价值系统.     

女性叙事的困境——以小说《后翼弃兵》为例

小说中的女性叙事往往会塑造在男性主导的社会中拼搏成功的女性形象,借此唤醒女性的性别意识和主体自觉。然而,女性叙事也会陷入一种困境,主要体现为在男性权力场域中,女性试图挣脱男性权力的束缚,但途径是“矮化”部分男性形象,结果是获得男性共识中的权力。本文以《后翼弃兵》为例,分析小说中成为“女王”的女性形象以及被牺牲的母亲形象,讨论小说中女性叙事呈现的困境,并探索小说以国际象棋为媒介反映女性性别困境的特殊性。     

《水浒传》女性形象的叙事功能

《水浒传》虽然是一部以男性形象为主的小说,但也塑造了七十多个女性形象。这些女性形象在小说叙事结构、情节发展中有着重要的、不可或缺的作用。她们是围绕男性人物展开的故事里的一个个叙事因子,承担着不同的叙事功能。     

论简·奥斯丁的女性叙事策略

简.奥斯丁的女性叙事策略体现在叙事内容和叙事方法两个方面。在叙事内容上,她摒弃男性的宏大叙事模式,将长期处于边缘地位的女性推上前台,让女性人物成为小说的主人公,而且一反男性叙事文学对女性的歪曲和贬抑,还女性人物以真实的形象,她提倡一种恋爱时理智与感情平衡,婚姻中爱情和财产并需,家庭内男女人格平等的婚恋观念。在叙事手法上,她广泛使用第三人称隐含的女性的叙事视角和自由间接引语、反讽等“间接手法”,借小说人物之口隐蔽地表达自己的见解,谴责男权社会中种种不合理的现象。奥斯丁采用理智而克制,冷静而平和的女性叙事策略不动声色地摆脱了男性话语的控制,凸显了女性意识,并建构了女性的写作立场。     

论80年代中期以来女性小说承继的女性书写传统

本文通过回顾20世纪80年代中期以前的女性小说创作历史,寻找并分析了当代女性小说创作承继的四个方面的书写传统:一、对女性形象的立体呈现和“自传体”式的自觉运用;二、对巨型“寓言”的僭越;三、对“女性”和“人”的双重关怀;对“神性”叙事话语的反拨。     

论海岩小说的女性叙事

海岩是新时期女性意识十分自觉的男性作家之一。他以爱情作为小说叙事的基础,对女性形象及其意义承载给予更多的关注与挖掘;他站在女性价值的立场,对女性致力于自我生命意识的追求给予充分的认同与肯定。在女性叙事视角中,他探讨了女性的悲剧生成;在后现代女性主义意识形态理念的影响下,他对传统的女性文化作了新的演绎。他的小说以男性作家别样的女性想象与深挚的女性关怀而显示出特色与价值。     

现代市民小说的女性特征

上世纪三四十年代上海现代市民小说整体上具有阴柔的女性气质,在文本的叙事方式、情节模式和思维特征等方面都有鲜明表现。这种女性气质一方面来源于现代价值观的女性特征,另一方面来自当时现实语境的软性风潮。这种女性特征彰显了被“国家／民族”男性叙事系统遮蔽的女性叙事．体现了现代市民小说的独特性。     

戏拟的力量——两篇现代女性小说的独特叙事和文化意蕴及其启示

庐隐的小说《父亲》以别具匠心的双重性别叙事，在一个看似普通的子恋父妾的反封建故事中寄予了丰富而深刻的文化内涵，讽刺性地模拟并拆穿男性文本对女性形象“天使／魔鬼”式塑造的心理内幕；张爱玲的《红玫瑰与白玫瑰》也成功利用这一策略，对制造这种女性形象的男性“强者”神话进行了有力的颠覆。二作利用戏拟手段、尖锐地揭示中国男权伦理文化反人性实质的成功经验启迪我们，女性主义研究对于“戏拟”策略应予高度的重视。     

《简·爱》中的“女性声音”品评

夏洛蒂·勃朗特在《简·爱》中运用第一人称叙述视角成功地构建了一个“唯我独尊”的叙事主体形象——简·爱。其叙事颠覆了男权叙事传统,建构了女性叙述声音和叙事权威。同时,小说成功地在读者与叙事者之间建立有效的联系,使读者能够了解主人公的内心世界,从而加强了叙述声音的女性权威。然而,夏洛蒂·勃朗特作为殖民地中产阶级白人妇女的文化身份使她在女性权威的建构过程中带有不可避免的局限性。     

勇敢的超越——哈代笔下的女性形象的女权主义解读

哈代的思想勇敢地超越了传统维多利亚时代的男性作家对于女性的拒绝性欲、温柔顺从、拘泥于家庭生活的形象的描写。他拒绝对于女性“无性爱”的描写，写出了女性的自然情感。他颠覆了传统男性中心视野下的女性角色。他对女性进行了多角度的关照，让女性在更广阔的空间里展示自己。这种超越在哈代的两部小说《卡斯特桥市长》、《德伯家的苔丝》中的两个女性形象的对比中体现的尤为明显，并由此影射了哈代所创作的“性格与环境”小说中的一系列女性形象。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.