蒙自县超级稻示范推广成效显著

<正>水稻是蒙自县主要的粮食作物之一。常年种植面积8000公顷左右,种植面积在粮食作物中占第二位,占粮食作物种植面积的23%。但产量居第一位,占全县粮食总产的47%。由此说明,水稻产量的丰与欠对蒙自县粮食生产十分重要。2008年在省、州农业部门的关心支持下,超级稻示范推广面积又有新的突破,单产得到不断提高,使全县的粮食产量上了一个新的台阶。     

发展优质稻 提升农业综合效益

<正>蒙自土地宽阔,自然条件优越,坝区共有四个乡镇,土地肥沃、地势平坦,占全县总面积的16%,是云南六大坝子之一,是蒙自县的粮食主要产区。党的十一届三中全会以来,随着     

快速发展的红河钢铁有限公司

<正>红河钢铁有限公司位于红河工业园区内的蒙自县县城以西15公里处的雨过铺镇,全厂占地面积122.3公顷。红钢公司是2003年昆明钢铁控股有限公司与红河州委、州政府着眼于企业发展和促进民族自     

蒙自县“十一五”粮食生产取得显著成效

<正>中央明确提出:"保持国民经济平稳较快发展,首先要把农业稳住,关键是确保粮食稳步增长"。"十一五"期间,蒙自县各级政府都十分重视粮食生产,把抓粮食生产放在首位,使我县的粮食生产获得了4年连续增产。一是全靠党的强农惠农政策,充分调动了农民的种粮积     

依靠科技培植致富产业——草坝镇新农村建设成效显著

<正>在社会主义新农村建设中,蒙自县积极整合各种资源,推动农业产业结构调整,把争取到的各级科技计划项目,集中到云南红河国家农业科技示范园区核心区及蒙自现代农业示范区草坝镇进行实施。通过实施"四个一"工程,即建立一个致富产业——优质稻后大棚甜椒的种植业:建立一个无公害农产品示范基     

腾飞的——蒙自矿冶有限责任公司

<正> 蒙自矿冶有限责任公司座落在距离蒙自县城60公里处,我国最大的银多金属矿 山——白牛厂矿山旁。该公司成立于1996年10月,是从桂西北来到蒙自县对白牛厂矿区进行投资开发的。公司经过七年的艰苦奋斗,累计投资16000多万元人民币用于扩大再生产,现有固定资产1亿3千多万元。已建成     

解决蒙开个地区工农业用水的途径与措施

蒙开个地区是云南省红河哈尼族彝族自治州所辖个旧市、开远市和蒙自县的简称。它位于云南省南部,北回归线以南,农业资源和矿产资源丰富,开发较早,交通方便。两市一县土地总面积5670km~2,耕地面积78万亩,总人口81.49万,其中农业人口约占60％。据统计,1985年社会总产值19.26亿元,国民总收入7.55亿元,人均国民收入926元;工业总产值4.88亿元,     

城市配网负荷预测方法分析与应用

随着用电负荷的不断增长,社会各界对电力生产调节能力的要求也越来越高。电力负荷预测是实时控制、运行计划和发展规划的前提,要掌握电力生产的主动性必先做好负荷预测。科技的发展为预测提供了各种理论和方法,通过对红河州蒙自县城市配网电力负荷预测,对预测的方法与应用进行初步探讨。     

科技让企业插上飞翔的翅膀——蒙自矿冶有限责任公司在科技创新中腾飞

<正>蒙自矿冶有限责任公司创建于1996年,是蒙自县招商引资从广西引进的项目。经过10余年的艰苦开拓,尤其是近年不断科技创新,现已发展成为集资源勘查、采矿、选矿、冶炼于一体的大型民营矿冶企业。公司的"依靠人才兴企、科技强企,以资源综合利用为立足点,走可持续发展发展之路,做好、做大、做强"独特发展思路,使企业在群雄竞逐的云南矿业界脱颖而出,业绩骄人,得到了各级党委政府和社会的充分肯定,被誉为云南矿业界一颗耀眼的新星。     

中国白花丹科花粉形态研究

The present paper describes the pollen morphology of 30 species belonging to 7 genera of Plumbaginaceae from China.  The pollen grains were all examined under light microscope, and those of some species under scanning and transmission electron microscope.       The pollen grains of the family are subspheroidal, prolate or oblate, (37.5-74.5)× (40.4-81.9)μ in size, 3-colpate, rarely 4-6-colpate,  only pancolpate in  Ceratostigma willmottianum.  The exine 2-layered, 2.0-7.4μ thick, sexine thicker than nexine, verrucate, reticulate or coarsely reticulate.       On the basis of the morphology, two types of pollen grains are distinguished in the family:       (1)  The pollen grains are 3-(rarely 4-6 ) or pancolpate, the exine verrucate. They are found in the tribe Plumbagineae (inculuding the genera Ceratostigma, Plumbago and Plumbagella).       (2)  The pollen grains are all 3-colpate, the exine reticulate or coarsely reticulate. They are found in the tribe Staticeae (including the genera Acantholimon, Ikonnikovia, Goniolimon and Limonium ).     

我国东北胡枝子属及其近缘属的花粉形态和分类研究

 The pollen morphology of 11 species and 1 variety in the genus Lespedeza and its allied genera (Campylotropis, Kummerowia) from NE China was examined under light and scanning electron microscopes.      1.  Lespedeza Michx. (plate 1:1-6; 2:1-6; 3:1-6; 4:1-2)      Pollen grains prolate, rarely subprolate or spheroidal, elliptic or rarely suborbicular in equa- torial view, 3-lobed-rounded in polar view, tricolporate, colpus margins smooth or jagged.  Polar axis 20.7-33.1μm long, equatorial axis 15.4-20.9 μm long.  Exine reticulate or foveolate, lu- mina verrucose or smooth under SEM.      2.  Campylotropis Bge. (plate 4:3-4)      One species in NE China, C. macrocarpa (Bge.) Rehd.  Pollen grains prolate, elliptic in equatorial view, 3-lobed-rounded in polar view, 3-colporate, colpus linear, 25.1μm long, 1.79μm broad, colpus margins jagged, with a series of verrucae equal in size along one side visible under SEM.  Polar axis 19.7μm long, equatorial axis 14.6μm long.  Exine reticulate, lumina nearly rounded, verrucose at periphery under SEM.       3.  Kummerowia Schindl. (plate 4:5-6)       Pollen grains spheroidal, oblate or prolate, elliptic in equatorial view, obtuse-triangular in polar view, tricolporate, colups linear, 25.1μm long, 2.01μm  broad,  colpus margins sinuate. Polar axis 24.7-27.9μm long, equatorial axis 19.7-26.6μm long.  Exine reticulate or subreti- culate, lumina nearly rounded, with verrocae visible under SEM.       According to the pollen morphology of Lespedeza and its allied genera, the division of Lespedeza (s. lat.) into Lespedeza (S. str.), Campylotropis and Kummarowia by Schindler (1912) is reasonable.  The subdivision of Lespedeza (s. str.) into Sect.  Macrolespedeza and Sect. Lespe- deza by many botanists, and the treatment of Lespedeze juncea  (L. f.) Pers. var. inschanica Maxim. as an independent species (i.e. Lespedeza inschanics (Maxim). Schindl.) are also suppor- ted by the pollen morphology shown in the present work.     

医学论文中成组t检验P值错误及其原因分析

【目的】 调查医学论文中成组t检验的P值错误,分析错误原因,并提出相应措施。【方法】 选取236种医学期刊,每种期刊选取1项成组t检验,核验其P值,应用χ²检验、Mantel-Haenszel法、二项式logistic回归分析P值错误。【结果】 236项成组t检验中,50项存在P值错误。单因素分析结果显示,核心期刊与非核心期刊相比,P值错误发生率差异具有统计学意义(χ²=4.871,P=0.027);给出具体P值组与未给出具体P值组相比,P值错误发生率差异具有统计学意义(χ²=15.440,P<0.0001)。将是否给出具体P值作为混杂因素,比较核心期刊与非核心期刊P值错误发生率,差异无统计学意义(χ²=2.703,P=0.100)。多因素分析结果显示,是否方差齐(OR值为0.470,95%CI为0.230~0.961)、是否给出具体P值(OR值为5.459,95%CI为2.311~12.895)具有统计学意义。【结论】 医学论文成组t检验P值错误较多。为及时发现P值错误,期刊编辑应当重视对统计学方法应用条件的审查,要求作者给出统计描述以及统计推断的具体结果,能够利用简单易学的统计学软件核实P值。     

《湖泊科学》近10年(2006—2015年)自引及其原因剖析

【目的】 分析《湖泊科学》近10年的自引行为变化规律,剖析产生原因,思考期刊非正常自引现象,引导期刊自引的客观认识,更好地办好学术期刊。【方法】 根据《中国科技期刊引证报告(核心版)》的数据以及《湖泊科学》2006—2015年载文的参考文献,得到《湖泊科学》近10年的自引率(R_SC),总被引频次(F_TC),总自引频次(F_SC),对影响因子(IF)有贡献的总被引频次(F_TCIF)、自引频次(F_SCIF),自引率(R_SCIF),载文数量,平均引文数量以及IF等评价指标,分析各指标的变化趋势以及相互之间的关系。【结果】 在无人为操控的前提下,《湖泊科学》近10年R_SC变化较小,F_TC、F_SC、F_SCIF以及载文数量均有升高趋势,R_SCIF略高于R_SC,但是自引对IF无显著影响。【结论】 R_SC与学科大小和研究范围有关。增加科研投入、提升期刊内容质量、应用数字化手段以及加大推广力度等因素导致了F_TC、F_SC和F_SCIF等指标升高。期刊出现R_SC过高或突然大幅度升高、F_SCIF与IF有很强的相关性、R_SCIF大大高于R_SC等现象时,很可能是人为操控所致。中国科技期刊编辑只有自律自强,才能够使得中国科技期刊的学术质量真正获得国内科技工作者的认同并且在国际舞台上占有一席之地。     

期刊影响力指数排名的合理性分析

【目的】 探讨期刊影响力指数的科学合理性及其可能存在的不足,以利于决策者、办刊人以及作者更加科学地评估学术期刊影响力,预测期刊发展潜力。【方法】 以2015—2017年《中国学术期刊影响因子年报》的10个期刊指标数据为研究对象,运用IBM SPSS软件,采用主成分分析法,求得各期刊的综合主成分得分(F),按照F对期刊进行排名;将F与期刊影响力指数(f_CI)排名结果进行对比分析;采用Spearman秩相关系数,比较f_CI和F与10个指标的相关程度。【结果】 F与10个指标的相关性总体高于f_CI;f_CI和F与即年指标的相关系数相对较小,但是F明显高于f_CI。【结论】 F排名更接近各项指标共同表征的期刊水平;更能反映期刊的反应速率和被引强度;在参阅期刊f_CI排名时,应当特别注意参考期刊的即年指标。     

中国种子植物特有属的数量分析

Chinese flora with many endemic elements is highly important in the world’s flora. According to recent statistics there are about 196 genera of spermatophytes, be- ing 6.5% of total Chinese genera.  These endemic genera comprising 377 species belong to 68 families, among which the Gesneriaceae (28 genera), Umbelliferae (13), Compo- sitae (13), Orchidaceae (12) and Labiatae (10) are predominant.  The tropical type containing 24 families and 80 genera is dominant. After it follows the temperate type with 23 families and 50 genera.  There are also 4 families endemic to China, i.e. Gin- kgoaceae, Bretschneideraceae, Eucommiaceae and Davidiaceae.  It shows that genera endemic to China are obviously related to the tropical and temperate flora in essence.      The endemic monotypic genera (139) and endemic obligotypic genera (48) combin- ed make up more than 95% of the total number of genera endemic to China.  Phylo- genetically more than half of them are ancient or primitive.  The life forms of all ende- mic genera are also diverse.  Herbs, especially perennial herbs, prevail with the propor- tion of about 62%, and trees and shrubs are the next, with 33%, and the rest are lianas.       Based upon the calculated number of genera endemic to China in each province and the similarity coefficents between any two provinces, some conclusions may be drawn as follows:       Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces combined are the distribution centre of genera en- demic to China and may be their original or  differentiation area,  because  numerous endemic genera, including various groups, exist in these two provinces.  The second is Guizhou where there are 62 endemic genera.  Others form a declining order, south China, central China and east China. But towards the north China endemic genera de- crease gradually, and the Qinling Range is an important distributional limit.       The largest simitarity coefficient, over 50%, appears between Shaanxi and Gansu probably because of the Qinling Range linking these two provinces.  But between any other two provinces it is less than 30% and it is generaly larger between two south pro- vinces than between two north provinces.       These characteristics mentioned above are correlated with topography and climate, and they may be resulted from the diversification in geography and climatic influence for a long time.     

木兰科分类系统的初步研究

A new system of classification of Magnoliaceae proposed.  This paper deals mainly with taxonomy and phytogeography of the family Magnoliaceae on the basis of external morphology, wood anatomy and palynology.  Different  authors have had different ideas about the delimitation of genera of this family, their controversy being carried on through more than one hundred years (Table I).  Since I have been engaged in the work of the Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae, I have accumulated a considerable amount of information and material and have investigated the living plants at their natural localities, which enable me to find out the evolutionary tendencies and primitive morphological characters of various genera of the family.  According to the evolutionary tendencies of the characters and the geographical distribution of this family I propose a new system by dividing it into two subfamilies, Magnolioideae and Liriodendroideae Law (1979), two tribes, Magnolieae and Michelieae Law, four subtribes, Manglietiinae Law, Magnoliinae, Elmerrilliinae Law and Micheliinae, and fifteen genera (Fig. 1 ), a system which is different from those by J. D. Dandy (1964-1974) and the other authors.      The recent distribution and possible survival centre of Magnoliaceae. The members of Magnoliaceae are distributed chiefly in temperate and tropical zones of the Northern Hemisphere, ——Southeast Asia and southeast North America, but a few genera and species also occur in the Malay Archipelago and Brazil of the Southern Hemisphere. Forty species of 4 genera occur in America, among which one genus (Dugendiodendron) is endemic to the continent, while about 200 species of 14 genera occur in Southeast Asia, of which 12 genera are endemic.  In China there are about 110 species of 11 genera which mostly occur in Guangxi, Guangdong and Yunnan; 58 species and more than 9 genera occur in the mountainous districts of Yunnan.   Moreover,  one  genus (Manglietiastrum Law, 1979) and 19 species are endemic to this region.  The family in discussion is much limited to or interruptedly distributed in the mountainous regions of Guangxi, Guangdong and Yunnan.  The regions are found to have a great abundance of species, and the members of the relatively primitive taxa are also much more there than in the other regions of the world.      The major genera, Manglietia, Magnolia and Michelia, possess 160 out of a total of 240 species in the whole family.  Talauma has 40 species, while the other eleven genera each contain only 2 to 7 species, even with one monotypic genus.   These three major genera are sufficient for indicating the evolutionary tendency and geographical distribution of Magnoliaceae.  It is worthwhile discussing their morphological  characters  and distributional patterns as follows:      The members of Manglietia are all evergreen trees, with flowers terminal, anthers dehiscing introrsely, filaments very short and flat, ovules 4 or more per carpel.  This is considered as the most primitive genus in subtribe Manglietiinae.  Eighteen out of a total  of 35 species of the genus are distributed in the western, southwest to southeast Yunnan. Very primitive species, such as Manglietia hookeri, M. insignis  and M. mega- phylla, M. grandis, also occur in this region. They are distributed from Yunnan eastwards to Zhejiang and Fujian through central China, south China, with only one species (Manglietia microtricha) of the genus westwards to Xizang.  There are several species distributing southwards from northeast India to the Malay Archipelago (Fig. 7).      The members of Magnolia are evergreen and deciduous trees or shrubs, with flowers terminal, anthers dehiscing introrsely or laterally, ovules 2 per carpel, stipule adnate to the petiole.  The genus Magnolia is the most primitive in the subtribe Magnoliinae and is the largest genus of the family Magnoliaceae. Its deciduous species are distributed from Yunnan north-eastwards to Korea and Japan (Kurile N. 46’) through Central China, North China and westwards to Burma, the eastern Himalayas  and northeast India.  The evergreen species are distributed from northeast  Yunnan  (China)  to  the Malay Archipelago.  In China there are 23 species, of which 15 seem to be very primi- tive, e.g. Magnolia henryi, M. delavayi, M. officinalis and M. rostrata, which occur in Guangxi, Guangdong and Yunnan.      The members of Michelia are evergreen trees or shrubs, with flowers axillary, an- thers dehiscing laterally or sublaterally, gynoecium stipitate, carpels numerous or few. Michelia is considered to be the most primitive in the subtribe Micheliinae, and is to the second largest genus of the family.  About 23 out of a total of 50 species of this genus are very primitive, e.g. Michelia sphaerantha, M. lacei, M. champaca,  and  M. flavidiflora, which occur in Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan (the distributional center of the family under discussion)  and extend eastwards to Taiwan  of  China, southern Japan through central China, southwards to the Malay Archipelago through Indo-China. westwards to Xizang of China, and south-westwards to India and Sri Lanka (Fig. 7).      The members of Magnoliaceae are concentrated in Guangxi, Guangdong and Yunnan and radiate from there.  The farther away from the centre, the less members we are able to find, but the more advanced they are in morphology.  In this old geographical centre there are more primitive species, more  endemics  and  more monotypic genera. Thus it is reasonable to assume that the region of Guangxi, Guangdong and Yunnan, China, is not only the centre of recent distribution, but also the chief survival centreof Magnoliaceae in the world.     

引洮供水工程水资源开发利用探讨

引洮供水工程是以九甸峡水利枢纽为龙头,为改善甘肃省中部地区极度缺水现状而实施的跨流域调水工程。2010年和2020年水平年洮河下游总需水量分别为47.26×10⁸m³和47.74×10⁸m³,引洮需水量分别为2.14×10⁸m³和6.04×10⁸m³。在分析九甸峡梯级水库群特点的基础上,以尽可能满足引洮水量、洮河下游生产生活需水,以及下游生态用水为目标,建立了该系统的模拟调度模型,并确定了系统结构和调度原则。结合引洮工程实际情况,设定了三种方案,分别考虑2010年一期工程、2020年一期工程和2020年二期工程。通过长系列模拟计算,得出了各方案的水资源利用情况,模拟计算表明,不同水平年多年平均引洮水量和洮河下游经济社会、生态环境用水均可保证,但冲沙用水不能满足,三个方案缺水量分别为0.95×10⁸m³、0.98×10⁸m³和2.31×10⁸m³;典型年计算结果表明,只有在来水较丰时,才能同时满足洮河下游需水量和引洮水量的需求,典型枯水年和平水年分别缺水11.51×10⁸m³和3.13×10⁸m³。     

四川及其邻近地区一些植物的细胞学研究(一)

From standpoint of floristic division,  Sichuan is located in the middle part of Eastern Asiatic Region (Takhtajan 1978) or is the area where Sino-Himalayan Forest Subkingdom and Sino-Japan Forest Subkingdom meet (wu 1979).  Here exist many so- called Arcto-Tertiary elements and newly originated species or races.  In order to bring the light the origin and differentiation of Eastern Asiatic elements,  cytological investi- gation on plants of this region are very significant.  The materials of the following 5 species were collected on Mt.  Emei in Sichuan Province.  Voucher specimens are kept in CDBI.       1.  Toricellia angulata  Oliver var. intermedia (Harms) Hu       PMC meiotic examination revealed n = 12 at diakinesis (Pl. I fig. 9)       Toricellia,  consisting of 2 spp.,  is endemic to Eastern Asiatic Region.  Based on our result along with the report of Toricellia tiliifolia (Wall.) DC. (2n=24) by Kuro- sawa (1977),  we argue that the basic chromosome number of Toricellia is 12.  Many authors,  such as Airy-Shaw (1973),  Dahlgren (1975,  1977),  Takhtajan (1969,  1980), Thorne (1983),  have adopted Hu’s (1934) treatment erecting it as a monotypic family Toricelliaceae.  Its systematic position,  whether closer to Cornaceae than to Araliaceae or vice versa,  has been in dispute.  Cytologically it seems closer to Araliaceae,  as shown anatomically (Lodriguez 1971),  because the basic chromosome number of Cornaceae s. 1. is x=11,  9,  8 (Kurosawa 1977),  whereas that of Araliaceae is 12 (Raven 1975).       2.  Cardiocrinum giganteum  (Wall.) Makino       Somatic chromosome number,  2n=24 was determined from root-tip cells (Ph. I. fig. 8).       Cardiocrinum (Endl.) Lindl.,  consisting of 3 spp.,  is endemic to Eastern Asiatic Region.  C. giganteum (Wall.) Makino is distributed from Himalayan region to S. W. China.  The present report is in accord with the number reported by Kurosawa (1966) who got the material from Darjeeling of India.  However the karyotype of the present plant is slightly different from that given by Kurosawa.  In the present material,  the satellites of the 1st. pair of chromosomes and the short arms of llst.  pair of chromoso- mes are visibly longer than those of Kurosawa’s drawing (fig. 1,  2) The plants from Yunnan,  Sichuan and Hubei Provinces,  named as C. giganteum var. yunnanense (Leit- chtlin ex Elwes) Stearn,  differ slightly from those of Himalayan region also in outer morphological characters.  The taxon needs both cytological and taxonomical further studies.       3.  Disporum cantoniense  (Lour.) Merr.       PMC meiotic examination revealed n=8 at diakinesis (Pl. I. fig. 6)       This species is widely distributed from Himalayan region through Indo-China to our Taiwan Province and Indonesia. Three cytotypes (2n=14,  16,  30) were reported for the taxon including its variety,  var. parviflorum (Wall) Hara,  by various authors (Ha- segawa 1932,  Mehra and Pathamia 1960,  Kurosawa 1966,  1971 Mehra and Sachdeva 1976a).  Some authors consider D. pullum Salisb. and D. calcaratum D. Don as synonyms of D. cantoniense. So D. cantoniense may be a species aggregate with different extreme races.  Sen (1973a,  b.) reports that the somatic chromosome numbers of D. pullum and D. calcaratum from Eastern Himalayan region are 14,  16,  28,  30,  32.  He also discovered that chromosome alterations in species of Disporum involve not only the num- ber but the structure as well.  He found that in species of Liliaceae where the reproduc- tion is mainly vegetative,  polysomaty often occurs.  In China we have not only D. can- toniense and D. calcaratum but also D. brachystomon Wang et Tang which is similar to D. cantoniense var. parviflorum (Wall.) Hara.  These taxa need further critical studies.      4.  Paris fargesii Franch.      PMC meiotic examination revealed n=5+2B (Voucher no. 112) or n=5 (Voucher no. 62) at MI and AI (Pl. I. fig. 1. 4. 5.).  This is the first report for the species.  A bridge and a fragment were also observed at AI.      Paris polyphylla Smith is extraordinarily polymorphic species.  Hara (1969) re- gards all chinese extreme forms,  such as P. fargesii Franch.,  P. violacea Lévl.,  P. pube- scens (Hand. -Mzt.) Wang et Tang,  etc. as infraspecific taxa of P. polyphylla.  Need- less to say,  the various races of P. polyphylla Smith in China need further critical stu- dies and are good material for further study to understand the speciation.      5.  Reineckia carnea(Andr.) Kunth       Reineckia is a monotypic genus endemic to Eastern Asiatic Region.  In the present material somatic chromosome number in root-tip cells is determined as 2n=38 (Pl. I. fig. 7).  According to the terminology defined by Levan et al.,  the karyotype formula is 2n=28 m+10 sm.  The length of chromosomes varies from 14.28 μ to 5.5 μ. The idiogram given here (fig. 3) is nearly the same as that presented by Hsu et Li (1984). The same number has been previously reported by several authors,  Noguchi (1936),  Satô (1942), Therman (1956).  The karyotype is relatively symmetrical (2B,  accorling to the classi-fication of stebbins 1971) in accord with the opinion of Therman (1956).