Some Uses for Intelligence Tests

ABSTRACT

Though early childhood literature defines kindergarten readiness in the context of the whole child across multiple domains, there is little research to demonstrate the relative influence of these domains on success in the kindergarten year. In this study, we use teacher judgments of students at the start of the kindergarten year across multiple domains as predictors of retention in kindergarten the following year. The analyses demonstrated that low ratings of students’ skills are predictive of retention, particularly for young males eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. Further, the analyses showed that of the set of domains, low ratings of literacy and numeracy skills are most closely associated with increased likelihood of retention.     

Intelligence Tests in the Primary Grades

Abstract

This research tested a paradigm of teachers’ psychological investment that hypothesized levels of interaction between teachers’ affective reactions to student success and failure and their psychological conditions (burned out, worn out, or healthy). Data collected from 740 elementary and secondary teachers during 1988-89 showed that affects of anger, guilt, pride, and disappointment both varied with and could be predicted from knowledge of teachers’ psychological condition. Of greatest concern are the worn-out teachers, who were three times more prevalent (18%) in the teacher population than were burned-out teachers. Worn-out teachers demonstrated the lowest levels of anger, guilt, pride, and disappointment in reaction to student success and failure.     

Need of Equating Intelligence Quotients Obtained from Group Tests

Abstract

Previous researchers having established the equivalence of a group administered version of the PPVT with the standard procedure of individual administration and the reliability between alternate forms of the PPVT, an attempt was made to establish the concurrent validity of a group administered version of the PPVT in terms of two criterion variables. An r of .62 was obtained between the Otis, a group test of intelligence, and the PPVT. An r of .55 was found between the PPVT and the Stanford Achievement Test. Both r’s were significant beyond the .01 level. The concurrent validity of the PPVT was established and suggestions for additional research were made.     

智力测验在学业不良诊断中的作用探析

智力-成绩差异模式是学业不良诊断中最常用的方法,但同时也面临尖锐的批判,近年来,有研究者提出"反应-干预模型",摒弃了智力测验.事实上,智力测验在学业不良诊断中是一种资格性(eligibility)的筛查,具有不可低估的作用.在实际操作中,只有将两种模式结合起来,取长补短,才能更有效地进行诊断.     

The Validity of Certain Prognostic Tests in Predicting Algebraic Ability

Monte Carlo studies offer the opportunity to manipulate data sets with specified characteristics and to examine the generalizability of statistical procedures in ways that are not practical using actual (empirical) data. To determine whether computer-generated (simulated) data results accurately represent empirical data, this study replicated an investigation of the effects of item sampling plans in the application of multiple matrix sampling using both simulated and empirical data sets. Although results were similar, the empirical data results were more precise. This study suggests that, for some investigations, it may be important to confirm simulated study with empirical study.     

The Use of Intelligence Tests in the Grading of School Children

Abstract

The motion that the personality of counselors was an Important factor In counseling had been described In recent articled. To explore this notion furthers counselor reaponses to the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule were compared with reaponses of other reference groups. Men and women counselors differed significantly from college and general adult populations on certain EPPS variables. Also, the profiled of men and women counaelora were more almllar on EPPS variables than non-counaelor men and women.

Suggested Interpretation of the differenced made aenae In terms of preaent public school counselor roles and taaka. It was concluded that persons who become public achool counselors may be different In certain basic need structures. The problems of relationship between self-report responses and manifested behavior, and the prediction of behavior with such data were discussed.     

Group Intelligence Tests as a Means of Prognosis in High School

Abstract

Numerous claims have been put forth as to the superiority of team teaching ns an instructional arrangement to produce learning. Utile empirical evidence exists, however, to support these assertions. Using 137 eleventh-grade students enrolled In a first semester course in United States History, this study compared on a standardized end-of- course examination the achievement of those taught by a teaching team of three teachers with the achievement of those taught in more traditionally arranged classes.

Through analysis of variance, no significant differences were found between the two groups on Questions requiring factual recall or recognition. On questions requiring reflection, however, differences significant at the .01 and .05 level were obtained. It was concluded that teaching teams may Indeed be more effective than conventional classroom arrangements in producing certain types of learning.     

A Cross‐validated Study of the Factorial Structure Underlying Intelligence Tests and Piagetian Formal Operational Tests

Based on a stratified sample of 15‐year‐old students in Singapore schools, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to identify and cross‐validate the factorial structure underlying two group intelligence tests and two group Piagetian tests. The structure of the first‐ and second‐order factors underlying the tests was first identified using exploratory factor analysis on the exploratory sample. The confirmatory approach using LISREL was then used to cross‐validate the factor structure on the validation sample. One second‐ and four first‐order factors were found. To allow for easier interpretation of the factors, a Schmid‐Leiman transformation was carried out on the first‐ and second‐order factor matrices of the pooled sample. A hierarchical factor matrix consisting of a general factor and four group factors was found.     

论情绪智力对成人教育的价值

情绪智力对成人的全面发展至关重要,而现阶段我国的成人教育未能充分关注成人情绪智力的培养。本文探讨了情绪智力的内涵、功能以及对成人教育的价值,并尝试将情绪智力理论引入成人教育,以期为我国成人教育的发展提供新思路。     

Counselor Use of Multifactor Intelligence Tests,or: What Happened?

The initial purpose of this study was to determine how counselors used information yielded by multifactor intelligence tests. Data from questionnaires sent to secondary school counselors in two states, however, revealed enormous percentages of nonclassifiable responses regarding these tests. The proportion of nonclassifiable responses varied from 38 percent on questions concerning where different scores were recorded to 70 percent on questions concerning which IQ scores were most and least predictive of scholastic achievement. Consequently, the study concentrated on the reasons for the large number of unusable responses. The findings seemed to indicate a tendency on the part of counselor educators to downgrade the importance of accurate test interpretation.     

风险决策中的情报价值

情报对于决策者以及决策的结果来说非常重要,在风险决策中,为了提高决策的科学性,引入情报价值,探讨样本情报价值的风险决策方法。     

成人情绪智力教育的价值及构想

情绪在学习中起着举足轻重的作用,健康良好的情绪推动着学习的进行,消极的情绪阻碍着学习的进行.情绪智力对成人的全面发展至关重要,而现阶段我国的成人教育未能充分关注成人情绪智力教育的培养.在深化探讨情绪智力对成人教育的价值的基础上,尝试将情绪智力理论引入成人教育,创新成人情绪智力教育的构想,以期为我国方兴未艾的成人教育的发展提供新思路.     

心理测验在研究生教育中的价值探索

通过综述与研究生心理状况有关的研究,分析了研究生目前的心理状况,发现研究生的心理健康状况不太乐观。由此,进一步归纳心理测验在研究生群体中的应用现状及弊端。最后,重新思考了心理测验在研究生培养中的作用,建设性地提出4点建议。