高中生学习态度、父母受教育程度与数学成绩关系研究

采用数学学习态度问卷对500名高中生进行调查。性别、父亲受教育程度、母亲受教育程度的主效应显著,性别与父母受教育程度及三者之间的交互作用均显著;多元逐步回归分析显示,性别、父亲受教育程度、母亲受教育程度、智力的想象力成绩、数学学习动机、自我效能感等6个变量对数学成绩有预测作用,可解释数学成绩45.4%的变异量。     

英语课堂纠错态度与成绩水平的相关性研究

以问卷的形式调查分析了非英语专业理科不同水平层次学生的英语课堂纠错态度与成绩水平之间的关系。结果表明:高水平组学生课堂纠错态度与CET4成绩彼此相关,低水平组学生课堂纠错态度也与CET4成绩也彼此相关,但是中等水平组学生课堂纠错态度与CET4成绩不相关,纠错的态度在一定程度上会影响学习成绩。     

Social Capital and Mathematics Achievement of Fourth and Fifth Grade Children in Segregated Primary Schools

ABSTRACT

Scholars have consistently demonstrated that the socioeconomic composition of the pupil body is related to academic achievement. The effect of ethnic/immigrant concentration, on the other hand, is more controversial, as some have found no impact of the ethnic/immigrant composition when other aspects were taken into account. Social capital theory claims that it is possible to compensate for a disadvantaged background or school composition when pupils benefit from being integrated in specific social structures. This article tests whether social capital is positively related to the mathematics achievement of pupils in the fourth and fifth grades of Flemish primary schools in which most of the pupils have a low socioeconomic and/or an ethnic/immigrant background (i.e. segregated schools).     

高二学生数学焦虑与数学成绩的相关性

高二学生数学焦虑与数学成绩呈显著负相关,且不同水平的数学焦虑被试者在数学成绩上存在显著性差异.数学焦虑程度越高,数学成绩越差,两者是一种线性关系.高二学生数学焦虑在性别、文理科方面的整体特点是:女生数学焦虑水平高于男生数学焦虑水平;理科生数学焦虑水平高于文科生数学焦虑水平.     

Mathematics Achievement of Children in China and the United States

First and fifth graders in Beijing and Chicago were given a battery of mathematics test. Whether tested with problems requiring solely computation or with ones requiring application of knowledge about mathematics, American children's performance was consistently inferior to that of Chinese children. Interviews with American children suggested that they like mathematics, believe they are doing well in mathematics, and do not perceive mathematics as a difficult subject. American children's poor performance appears to be attributable, in part, to low motivation for devoting more attention to mathematics. Low standards held by American parents for academic achievement and lower interest in teaching mathematics by American teachers appear to contribute to American children's poor performance.     

Attitude Toward Self, Social Factors, and Achievement in Mathematics: A Meta-Analytic Review

This meta-analysis integrated 143 primary studies on the relationship of attitude toward self and social factors with achievement in mathematics. Attitude was decomposed into self-concept about mathematics, perception of family support, and perception of mathematics as a male domain. Major findings included: (a) self-concept, family support, and mathematics as a male domain were all related to achievement; (b) the three relationships did not show significant gender differences; (c) the three relationships consistently decreased from the junior high grades to the senior high grades; (d) the relationship between self-concept and achievement varied as a function of ethnicity, whereas the relationship between family support and achievement was consistent across ethnic background; (e) the three relationships all varied across sample selection; (f) the relationship between self-concept and achievement varied with sample size, whereas the relationships of family support and mathematics as a male domain with achievement were sample-size invariant; (g) the relationship between self-concept and achievement increased over time, whereas the relationships of family support and mathematics as a male domain with achievement remained almost unchanged over time; and (h) there were no statistically significant interaction effects among gender, grade, and ethnicity for any of the three relationships.     

初三学生数学态度现状调查研究

初三学生正值从少年向青年转变的关键时期,该阶段中学生的数学态度直接影响到今后数学学习的状态。采用5点likert式量表对229名初三学生进行调查结果表明:初三学生数学态度总体处于中等水平;数学态度、学科态度、学习态度,在性别上均不存在显著差异;数学态度与数学成绩显著相关;不同成绩水平学生的数学态度具有显著差异。     

Achievement Attributions of Sixth Grade Children and Their Parents

The present study examines the achievement attributions of Greek Cypriot students and their parents. Its aim was to investigate the role of parental and child achievement attributions as parameters of the child's actual school achievement and to examine the existing differences between attributions made by children and their parents. A total of 477 Sixth Grade Greek Cypriot students and their parents participated in the study. A structural equation model was constructed and its ability to fit the data was tested. It was found that child attributions of achievement to effort, ability and other internal factors are positively related to actual achievement, while attributions to luck and external factors are negatively related to achievement. This is in line with earlier findings. Parental and child attributions are not strongly and reliably related. Thus, claims that children develop their own attributions on the basis of their parents’ attributions were not supported. Gender differences were found, with females attributing their achievement to effort more than males did. Finally, underachievers tended to attribute their school performance to external factors (luck, role of others such as parents and teachers), while highly achieving students tended to attribute their performance to their own effort and other internal factors.     

Self-Regulation Mediates the Relationship between Learner Typology and Achievement in At - Risk Children

A person-centered approach was used to explore the mediating role of self-regulation between learner typology at age 8 and academic achievement at age 14while controlling for domain-specific achievement in a longitudinal sample of 113 children born to adolescent mothers. Children were classified into one of 5 learner typologies at age 8based on interactive patterns of intellectual, achievement, and adaptive abilities. Typology classification explained significant variance in both reading and mathematics achievement at age 14. A bootstrapping approach confirmed that self-regulation mediated the relationship between typology and reading and mathematical achievement for children from all typologies except those classified as Cognitively and Adaptively Challenged. Implications of person-centered approaches for understanding processes involved with achievement are discussed.     

小学生近似数量表征系统和工作记忆与数学成绩的关系

数学学习过程中需要很多认知活动的参与,通过测试小学生的近似数量表征能力、工作记忆情况,探讨它们与数学学习成绩的关系.结果表明:小学生的近似数量表征能力和工作记忆能力有一定的可塑性,会随着年龄的增长而提高,并对数学成绩有促进作用,学校的数学教育在这个过程中功不可没.近似数量表征能力与工作记忆可以在不同程度上预测儿童的数学成绩.     

Open-Skilled Sport,Sport Intensity,Executive Function,and Academic Achievement in Grade School Children

ABSTRACT

Research Findings: The present study examines connections among participation in open- and closed-skilled sports; the metabolic intensity of each sport; and executive function (EF), literacy, and math achievement in a sample of 3rd-grade children. Utilizing data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, we categorized 15 youth sports (e.g., soccer, tennis, swimming, running track) as open or closed skilled and assigned them a metabolic intensity value. Results showed that the connection between sport intensity and EF was curvilinear, with a positive association between EF and sport intensity below 25 metabolic equivalents (METs) and a negative association with METs above 25. For math, results differed for the number of open-skilled sports and the intensity of a sport, with higher intensity associated with lower math scores and playing more open-skilled sports associated with higher math scores. Literacy skills were not significantly related to sport participation. Practice or Policy: The preschool years may offer a promising opportunity to encourage participation in both complex and intense physical activity. These findings highlight domain-specific connections among sports and EF and math achievement and offer insight into connections among sport intensity (METs), the type of sports children play, and cognitive development.     

Associations between Fine Motor and Mathematics Instruction and Kindergarten Mathematics Achievement

Research Findings: This study investigates the role of fine motor and mathematics instruction in mathematics achievement in an international sample of kindergarteners from the United States and China. Multilevel modeling was used to assess the interaction between students’ entering skills and classroom time spent on basic math, higher-order math and fine-motor instruction. For American children, the effect of basic math and higher-order math instruction on student achievement depended on entering skills; however, fine motor instruction had negative average effects on student achievement and did not depend on students’ entering skills. Instruction time was not a significant predictor of achievement for Chinese students. Practice or Policy: Though fine motor skills have a robust correlation with mathematics achievement, a causal link has not been established. Our study indicates that time spent in fine motor instruction does not advance mathematics achievement in kindergarten and in fact may weaken mathematics achievement, given the limited time in the instructional day. American teachers in our sample who spent more time in fine-motor instruction tended to spend less time on basic math and higher-order mathematics instruction. Educators should weigh instructional trade-offs carefully and work to tailor instruction to students’ skill levels.     

英语学习动机和态度与学习成效的关系研究

以问卷调查的形式，对非英语专业的大学生英语课程的学习动机和态度进行了调查分析。结合期末英语成绩，分析了英语学习动机和态度与学习成效之间的相关情况。其研究成果，对外语教学实践有着重要的指导意义。     

大学生数学自我效能自我概念与数学学业成绩关系的研究

数学自我效能、数学自我概念、数学焦虑、数学价值认可是与数学学业成绩有密切关系的4个动机变量,它们之间存在显著的相关性.对于大一到大四的学生来说,不同性别、年龄的学生只在数学自我效能方面有显著差异;不同成绩水平的学生在4个变量上均无显著差异.数学自我效能和数学自我概念对数学学业成绩具有较强的预测作用,而且后者更具有优势.     

Opportunities to Learn and Achievement in Mathematics in a Sample of Sixth Grade Students in Lima, Peru

In recent years, the mathematics achievement of Peruvian students has been evaluated in three national and two international studies. The results in all cases suggest very poor learning. A similar situation is found in many developing countries. In this study, we analyzed the opportunities to learn (OTL) mathematics of sixth grade students from 22 public schools in Lima, Peru. OTL were defined in this study as curriculum coverage, cognitive demand of the tasks posed to the students, percent of mathematical exercises that were correct and quality of feedback. These variables were coded in the workbooks and notebooks of the students, which were gathered at the end of the school year (at the same time, the mathematics achievement test was administered). The results show that: (a) regarding OTL, less than half of the exercises available in the workbooks were solved, teachers overemphasize some topics of the national curriculum ({i.e.} related to Number and Number Sense), they pose tasks that are at very low levels of cognitive demand, and it is common to find mistakes in the students' answers to problems that have no feedback (or even worse, the feedback is wrong); (b) students in relatively poorer, multigrade classrooms have less OTL; (c) OTL, as defined earlier, is positively associated with achievement.A preliminary version of this paper received the Research Medal in the category Knowledge, Education andTechnology at the Annual Meeting of the Global Development Network (GDN) in Cairo, in January 2003.     

Student Self-Evaluation in Grade 5-6 Mathematics Effects on Problem- Solving Achievement

We examined the effects of self-evaluation training on mathematics achievement. When Grade 5-6 students self-evaluated for 12 weeks (N = 259 treatment, 257 control) treatment students outperformed control students (ES = .40). The findings contribute to the consequential validity argument for self-evaluation. Considered in the context of previous research, these results indicate that subject moderates the effects of self-evaluation on achievement.     

经济学与数学关系的研究对经济数学教学的启示

经济数学课程如何体现出自身的特点,是在经济数学教学中应该思考的问题.正确认识经济学与数学之间的关系,并将这种关系应用于经济数学课程中,将数学与经济学有机的联系起来,才能使经济数学课程体现出自己的特色.对应用型经济人才的培养打下良好的基础.     

关于幼儿数学教育目标有效达成的思考

幼儿教育的重点是思维的开发。数学是思维的科学,数学教育在发展幼儿思维方面扮演了重要角色。《幼儿园教育指导纲要(试行)》对幼儿园数学教育的目标进行了界定,要在具体的教育实践过程中有效达成数学教育目标,需要教师、社会、家长几方面的有效配合。