A Longitudinal Study of Intellectual and Creative Development in Gifted Primary School Children

This research was carried out as part of the Moscow‐Munich Longitudinal Study of Giftedness, and is based on a multidimensional giftedness concept. A total of 73 gifted students in the first grade (7‐8 years old) were selected from 650 students with the help of a two stage procedure, using teachers' checklists and the Russian version of the KFT, a test of intellectual abilities, and a test of creativity. A control group of the same age consisted of 76 unselected pupils. The groups were tested using the same methods in 1991, 1992 and 1993. Intellectual abilities, creativity, motivation, and other personal characteristics were observed. Significant differences between gifted and nongifted students were found in intellectual domains; there were no sex differences in the cognitive sphere, but teachers considered the girls more gifted than the boys; a relationship between cognitive and personal factors was revealed but this was not very stable. The results demonstrated that gifted students need special support and education.     

Home and School Support for Gifted Children

GIFTED EDUCATION programs typically underrepresent children from minority ethnic and low income backgrounds. In this study, uncommon screening measures were used to identify an equity sample of 68 potentially gifted youngsters in the United States who would participate in a summer institute. The instruction offered these preschool and primary grade students was complimented by a learning component for their parents. A common and differentiated curriculum was developed for Anglo and Hispanic parents based on their expressed expectations regarding child development. Findings show that schools can serve communities better when opportunities for growth are provided to parents as well as their children.     

超常儿童鉴别的研究

超常儿童的形成是大脑功能的天赋与后天学习相互作用的结果，并且是与儿童个性品质形成和发展相辅相成的。学业超前发展的儿童并非一定智力超常。我们要把智力超常儿童鉴别出来。采取了如下分析方法：（1）用相关分析去研究入学各类测验与学习成就之间的关系；（2）用模糊聚类的方法，研究超常班学生入学时的选拔的整齐程度，研究学生在四年中发展水平的整齐程度及分化的情况。得到的结论是：（1）入学鉴别中，有关能力方面的测验成绩与教育过程中成。测验有较密切的关系，常常达到显著相关水平。（2）由于。学学生智力水平相似，有关智力的测验成绩与教育过程中成就测验成绩多数相关很低，这说明教育过程中的分化的主要原因不在于智力的差异。（3）入学鉴别中，创造力的测验，与高年级难度较高的学科成就测验成绩有显著的相关的趋势。（4）个性与学习成就测验相关，情况很不一致，这与教育过程中的观察结果一致，有些班的主要问题是个性上的差异，有的班则不是。     

智力超常学生神经类型特点研究

智力超常者在人口中总是占有一定的比率。这种人虽然数量不多，但他们具有强大的发明、创造潜力，是社会的宝贵财富。本研究采用笔者自行编制的８０－８神经类型量表（１９８９年通过国家体委级鉴定），分析了智力超常学生的神经类型特点，为超常教育招生和因材施教提供科学依据。     

北京八中少儿班心理素质的调查研究

这是对北京八中少儿班学生心理素质的调查,两个标准化测量用于我们的研究,它们分别是<多项能力倾向测验>和<学生情绪感受问卷>.与同龄儿童的对比测量结果显示,少儿班学生具有出色的学业能力倾向,与此同时,少儿班学生表现出积极乐观的情绪感受.因此,这些条件被看作是少儿班学生形成优秀学业成绩的重要因素.     

Receptive Language of Gifted and Learning Disabled‐Gifted Children

Three tests of receptive language were administered to thirty children enrolled in regular, gifted, and learning disabled‐gifted programs. Analyses of variance indicated that the Token Test for Children differentiated the learning disabled‐gifted children and the Verbal Absurdities Subtest of the Detroit Tests of Learning Aptitude differentiated the gifted children from the other two groups.     

国外超常儿童的认知发展研究综述

在最近 10年关于超常儿童的研究 ,已经把研究的重点从什么是超常儿童转移到了超常儿童如何进行思维 ,尤其是关于儿童早期阶段思维方面的研究。文章从认知发展的角度 ,对超常儿童在认知速度、背景知识、元认知、问题解决和策略能力等四个方面进行了综述 ,并指出了以后研究超常儿童的方向。     

民营企业家子女学校适应调查研究

本文采用自编学校适应状况及适应策略调查问卷对147名初一和高一民营企业家子女的学校适应状况进行调查,结果显示:(1)民营企业家子女的学习适应和身心症状适应水平相对较低;(2)年级、性别和父母离异情况显著影响民营企业家子女的学校适应情况:高一学生的学习适应水平显著低于初一学生;女生的身心症状和学习适应水平显著低于男生;离异家庭子女的学习适应水平显著低于正常家庭子女;(3)整合策略和分离策略与适应状况均存在显著相关,且适应不良学生更倾向于采用分离策略。最后,针对民营企业家子女的学校适应问题,本文提出了相应的教育与引导对策。     

2-5岁超常儿童的计数及其策略研究

本研究选取2-5岁超常儿童46名、普通儿童54名,通过实验考察了早期超常儿童的计数及其策略。结果显示:(1)超常儿童更早掌握“一一对应”的计数原则;(2)4岁前,超常儿童相对同龄普通儿童能掌握更大范围的基数;特别是3-4岁超常儿童,基本已经掌握了20以内的基数概念,显著优于同年龄普通儿童;(3)2-5岁超常儿童普遍具有比同年龄普通儿童更好的计数策略;(4)4-5岁超常儿童相对同龄普通儿童和3-4岁超常儿童,能够更有效地运用计数策略完成“随机性”计数任务。     

浅谈农村留守儿童问题--基于隔代教育对其的影响

伴随着打工潮的出现，农村中由于父母双亲或单亲外出务工而留守在家的未成年的儿童数量激增，使其成为一支数量不小的特殊群体：“留守儿童”。在远离父母的日子，他们的生活学习状况如何，这已成为当今关注的焦点，我们可以从隔代教育的角度来分析和着手解决这一问题。     

Effects of Self-Concept on Learning with Gifted Children

Abstract

The present study examined die influence self-concept played in a verbal free recall and non-verbal paired associate learning task with gifted children. Twenty-four male and 24 female pre-adolescents were divided into high and low self-concept groups for each sex, forming four groups with 12 subjects in each group. A 20-item free recall task and a five-trial, six-item non-verbal paired associate learning task were administered. High self-esteem boys and girls showed significantly greater mastery of all learning tasks than lower self-concept counterparts. Analysis of organization scores supported the use of more sophisticated learning strategies by children with higher self-perceptions.     

Annemarie Roeper: The Voice of Gifted Children

A methodology for teaching conversational Spanish to gifted preschoolers is described with specific examples. The results of this project indicate that the children were enthusiastic learners, excellent at pronouncing Spanish, and could remember and use new vocabulary after two to three class sessions. The parents reported that their children enjoyed learning Spanish and used their Spanish outside of the classroom.     

浅谈"留守儿童"教育

留守儿童已经成为倍受关注的重要课题,我国留守儿童存在学习差,性格缺陷,心理障碍等问题,笔者对问题进行了分析并提出了建议.     

明代黔中王学不入播州考

"王学"在明代影响至巨",黔中王学"因其与王阳明谪居贵州和龙场悟道的特殊因缘,而成为"王学"的重要一支。但是,整个明代,与贵阳仅一水之隔的播州(今遵义)地区,却不见任何"王学"影响的痕迹。造成此历史现象的原因有三:一是播州杨氏土司对汉文化的抵制,二是明代播州地区汉文化水平的普遍衰落与文化发展环境的恶劣,三是播州隶属关系的长期不确定,使其未能有效对接中央文教政策。而"王学"不入播州这一文化现象更深层反映的是汉"夷"文化的交往,以及土司制度对文化交往的影响。     

有关天才儿童的定义的研究综述

本研究旨在总结国内外学者关于超常儿童定义的一些研究成果。本文从探讨超常儿童的名称入手 ,以纵向和横向两个角度 ,对超常儿童的定义进行了归类和分析。从纵向角度 ,主要是分析了超常儿童定义的发展 ,从单纯的智商定义到现在的多元智能。从横向角度 ,主要根据定义的出发点和定义取向 ,将超常儿童的定义进行了简单分类。     

Understanding Gender Differences in Thinking Styles of Gifted Children

The accuracy of the Brigance K&1 screen in the early detection of Head Start children with possible cognitive/academic giftedness, was explored in this study. Data were collected from a sample of 134 children, 13 of whom were identified as potentially gifted on the basis of performance on the K‐ABC. Potentially gifted children performed significantly better on the Brigance than nongifted children. Group differences were large and exceeded one standard deviation on the K&1 total score. Classification analyses indicated that use of the technical manual criteria underreferred potentially gifted children. However, use of local criteria established that the K&1 screen has good sensitivity (>80%) and acceptable specificity (>70%) in relation to concurrent and predictive cognitive/academic outcomes. Teacher ratings were ineffective in detecting potentially gifted children. The K&1 screen may be helpful in the early detection of low‐income children who may be cognitively/academically gifted.     

加速式超常儿童教育研究综述

本研究综述旨在总结国内外学者就加速式超常儿童教育的利弊所进行的一些研究成果。本文前部分是讨论支持与反对加速法的理由。支持的理由包括强化学生学习动机、缩短修业年限、减少教育经费;而反对的包括让学生承受过大学业压力、社会情感调适不良、负面标签效应等。后部分是几个其他问题的探讨,如加速法的命名、研究方法、研究课题及与充实法的对比等     

Why We Blog: Homeschooling Mothers of Gifted Children

Blogs have become a go-to information resource for members of online communities. In this qualitative study we applied uses and gratifications theory (U&GT) to analyze the experiences and perceptions of four mothers of gifted children who maintain blogs about their homeschooling experiences. Data suggest that this novel context and population did not yield different categories of gratification; however, not all prior categories were represented among this relatively narrow sample. Results support findings from prior research in other contexts suggesting that bloggers find gratification from self-expression, social interaction, information exchange, maintaining community, and recording life events.     

为了每个孩子的发展：基于儿童个性的学校课程设计——以无锡市新区实验小学经验为例

基于儿童个性的学校课程设计,需要实现由学科本位向儿童本位的理性回归;需要做好“面向全体”与“关注个体”的科学把握：需要重视“时代潮流”与“学校传统”的文化对接。唯此,才能真正实现“为了每个孩子的发展”的核心价值追求。     

The Big-Fish–Little-Pond Effect for Academic Self-Concept, Test Anxiety, and School Grades in Gifted Children

This study reports data extending work by Marsh and colleagues on the “big-fish-little-pond effect” (BFLPE). The BFLPE hypothesizes that it is better for academic self-concept to be a big fish in a little pond (gifted student in regular reference group) than to be a small fish in a big pond (gifted student in gifted reference group). The BFLPE effect was examined with respect to academic self-concept, test anxiety, and school grades in a sample of 1020 gifted Israeli children participating in two different educational programs: (a) special homogeneous classes for the gifted and (b) regular mixed-ability classes. The central hypothesis, deduced from social comparison and reference group theory, was that academically talented students enrolled in special gifted classes will perceive their academic ability and chances for academic success less favorably compared to students in regular mixed-ability classes. These negative self-perceptions, in turn, will serve to deflate students' academic self-concept, elevate their levels of evaluative anxiety, and result in depressed school grades. A path-analytic model linking reference group, academic self-concept, evaluative anxiety, and school performance, was employed to test this conceptualization. Overall, the data lend additional support to reference group theory, with the big-fish-little-pond effect supported for all three variables tested. In addition, academic self-concept and test anxiety were observed to mediate the effects of reference group on school grades.