分析测验和综合测验的编制

根据有关分析和综合的概念理论以及儿童的心理年龄特点,以图形为材料,编制了“分析测验和综合测验”。经测试结果表明,两个测验均有较好的质量参数,可作为6—12岁儿童分析能力和综合能力的测量工具。     

浅析黑盒测试与白盒测试

黑盒测试和白盒测试都是软件测试的重要方法,黑盒测试的测试人员更偏重于业务方向,白盒测试的测试人员更偏重于实现方式;黑盒测试更注重整体,白盒测试更注重局部;它们是相辅相成的.     

学业成就测试和高阶思维能力测试的性别差异分析

大数据分析表明,在高考和中考等学业成就测试方面,女生的表现明显优于男生;而在国际奥林匹克数学、物理和化学竞赛等高阶思维能力测试方面,男生的表现明显优于女生.其中,女生在文史类科目上成绩更好,而男生在数学和自然科学方面成绩更优.其原因可能与个体的生理和心理发展特点,学校、家庭和社会的教育观念、教学模式和心理期待,以及考试内容和方法等因素有关.深层次的原因则需要进一步调研.这些现象带来的启示是:可以鼓励女孩加强数学和自然科学知识的学习,鼓励男孩多关注语言和社会科学知识的学习,同时加强学生高阶思维能力的培养和测试力度.     

Cooperative Chemistry Tests

Abstract

In spite of the abundance of research reports in the field of instructor and course evaluation by students, the application of major theoretical psychological and sociological orientations to this field has been virtually ignored. This paper adopts the Ohio State University approach to leadership theory as an analytical tool for comprehending students’ ratings. Two main determinants of instructors’ scores are their instrumental contribution to the achievement of their classes’ goals and their success in enhancing their students’ interests. These two variables are claimed to resemble Initiating Structure and Consideration (14). The identification of leadership-bound components in faculty evaluation lends powerful theoretical integrity to the presently nontheoretical research of students’ evaluations. This paper expands such an approach which was developed at the Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel, and tests its applicability to another university, the University of Hawaii.     

Are Tests Comprising Both Multiple-Choice and Free-Response Items Necessarily Less Unidimensional Than Multiple-Choice Tests?An Analysis of Two Tests

We consider the relationship between the multiple-choice and free-response sections on the Computer Science and Chemistry tests of the College Board's Advanced Placement program. Restricted factor analysis shows that the free-response sections measure the same underlying proficiency as the multiple-choice sections for the most part. However, there is also a significant, if relatively small, amount of local dependence among the free-response items that produces a small degree of multidimensionauty for each test     

Empirical Estimates of the Comparative Reliability of Matching Tests and Multiple-Choice Tests

Equivalent forms of a ten-item completion test were constructed. The same test items then were rewritten in matching format and in multiple-choice format, resulting in two forms (A and B) of each of three types of test. All tests were administered to 73 examinees, and parallel-forms reliability coefficients (correlation between scores on A and B) were calculated. These empirically obtained values were compared to the values of the reliability coefficient predicted from theoretically derived equations which indicate the influence of chance success due to guessing on test reliability. In accordance with theory it was found that the completion test was more reliable than the matching test and that the matching test was more reliable than the multiple-choice test. The empirically obtained reliability coefficients were very close to those predicted from the mathematically derived formulas.     

Relative Effects of English Proficiency on General Admissions Tests Versus Subject Tests

The increasing linguistic diversity of the United States student population has brought to the forefront problems in the interpretation of test scores for non-native speakers of English in graduate admissions. The degree to which test scores reflect English proficiency was studied using data on N = 451 students whose native language was Spanish. They had taken the GRE, English proficiency tests, and the PAEG, a test in Spanish used for admission to graduate schools in Puerto Rico. Regression analyses revealed that the proportion of variance explained by the English proficiency terms (independent of developed skills measured in Spanish) was highest for the GRE verbal test (34%), lowest for the quantitative test (8%) and intermediate for the analytical test (16%), the Psychology (18%) and Biology (17%) Subject tests. These findings are discussed in light of efforts to increase access to higher education for Hispanic students.     

On Language Tests Construction

Language tests are closely concerned with teaching and learning. There are various ways to test student ’s foreign lan?guage level in light of different aspects. This paper mainly focuses on some key...     

生物实验之"活"

1 学生实验动手活 学生亲自动手操作,把指定的生物学变化重现出来,才能感受全过程,并通过多种感官的刺激引起学生的思维活动,所以这种学生实验产生的兴趣要比观察实验产生的兴趣浓厚得多.     

Standards for Teacher Tests

States are increasingly requiring that public school teachers pass one or more tests as a condition for permanent employment. As a result of a recent federal court decision, these tests must now satisfy the same legal standards as other employment tests. Moreover, some of the measures used to assess teacher competence no longer rely on multiple-choice items. They now utilize various types of open-ended performance assessments. This article discusses how these developments may affect the adverse impact, reliability, validity, and pass-fail standards of teacher certification tests. The article concludes by recommending that such tests combine multiple-choice questions with open-end tasks that focus on the common or critical situations that are likely to arise across the full range of practice setting for which the teacher is being certified or licensed.     

Standards for Teacher Tests

States are increasingly requiring that public school teachers pass one or more tests as a condition for permanent employment. As a result of a recent federal court decision, these tests must now satisfy the same legal standards as other employment tests. Moreover, some of the measures used to assess teacher competence no longer rely on multiple-choice items. They now utilize various types of open-ended performance assessments. This article discusses how these developments may affect the adverse impact, reliability, validity, and pass-fail standards of teacher certification tests. The article concludes by recommending that such tests combine multiple-choice questions with open-end tasks that focus on the common or critical situations that are likely to arise across the full range of practice setting for which the teacher is being certified or licensed.     

完形填空测量能力的效度验证——基于答题过程的分析

本文通过定量与定性相结合的研究方法,对集库型完形填空和分题选择型完形填空进行比较研究。定量分析的结果表明,受试在两种测试中的分数存在显著差异。然而,有声思维的定性研究结果却显示受试在答题过程中都较多地使用了句内层面的信息来回答问题。其中从句层面的信息运用的最多,而跨句子的语篇层面信息的运用则相对较少,跨语篇层面的信息运用的最少。这一结果对命题及教学提出了新的思考。