Association of Prooxidant–Antioxidant Balance with Clinical and Laboratory Parameters and Its Relation to Different Drug Regimens in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women with Normal BMI

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is one of the most common hormonally leading cause infertility disorders. The effect of oxidant-antioxidant imbalance on disease progression has been studied in many disorders. The present study was aimed to evaluate prooxidant–antioxidant balance (PAB) in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome compared to healthy subjects. We also studied the possible effect of treatment with available drugs on serum PAB. In this case–control study 100 polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients and 100 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. The laboratory features of patients and controls like as serum LH and FSH concentration and hematological examinations were collected. PAB was evaluated by a colorimetric method. Serum PAB value was significantly higher before treatment compared to after treatment and healthy subjects. PAB values were also higher in subjects with irregular menstrual cycle compared to normal subjects. Our results represented that serum PAB values has an indirect significant correlation with serum LH concentration. We also found that drugs regimen containing spironolactone effectively reduced the serum PAB values. Our results showed that PCOS patients had increased level of PAB and treatment with spironolactone mainly decreases the level of serum PAB. Our results indicate that the measurements of PAB may be used as a potential laboratory marker for assessment of PCOS patients.     

Down Syndrome with End-Stage Renal Disease

Down syndrome is one of the most common genetic causes of learning disabilities in children. Although the incidence of renal and urological involvement in Down syndrome is not very common, monitoring of patients with Down syndrome for renal diseases should be done regularly as patient’s age into the second and third decades. With increased survival, it appears that a growing number of these patients present with chronic renal failure. Down syndrome patients are apparently not suited for peritoneal dialysis because of lacking cooperation. This procedure can be prone to failure, mainly because of an increased risk of peritonitis. Handling such patients especially those on peritoneal dialysis is challenging. Here we report a case of Down syndrome with end-stage renal disease treated with hemodialysis for 6 months. To the best of our knowledge and current literature review this is the first case report of a patient with Down syndrome undergoing hemodialysis.     

由美日技术贸易分析日本的经济实力

技术贸易反映了一个国家的技术应用水平以及研发能力的高低,而在劳动力供给趋向不足,制造业纷纷进行对外投资使资本大量外流的日本,技术贸易更是成为其潜在经济实力的重要指标。由美、日的技术贸易收支情况,来分析日本相对其他发达国家的潜在经济增长能力。日本注重技术利用效率和对技术研发进行投入的经济发展战略值得我国借鉴。     

Contribution of the laboratory to a diagnosis process by sequential reflective testing: Paraprotein interference on a direct bilirubin assay

Errors in laboratory medicine occur in the preanalytical, analytical, and postanalytical phases. The errors are mostly detected in the preanalytical period. However, analytical errors are still an important source of error, despite their frequency is reduced significantly in years thanks to developments in laboratories. In this case, an analytical error was noticed during the verification of a patient’s results. The direct bilirubin of a 66-year-old male patient admitted to the emergency department was higher than the total bilirubin. The patient’s symptoms were fatigue and dyspnoea. Albumin and haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations of the patient were significantly low. After considering the patient’s demographics and laboratory results, the laboratory specialist suspected a paraproteinemia interference. Total protein was performed as a reflective test. The albumin/globulin ratio was reversed. Thereafter, serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) and immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) were performed as another reflective tests, respectively. SPEP and IFE results were in favour of monoclonal gammopathy. The patient was directed to a haematologist, underwent a bone marrow biopsy, and the result was reported as Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia with plasma cell differentiation expressing IgM-Kappa. The patient went on a chemotherapy protocol, and his condition has been improved in subsequent months. Detection of analytical errors is of great importance, like in our case, and may be used as a tool to identify patients who have not yet been diagnosed. The laboratory specialist must dominate the entire process of each test in the laboratory, be aware of the limitations of tests, and turn these disadvantages into advantages when necessary.     

A Case of Light Chain Deposition Disease (LCDD) in a Young Patient

Light chain disease is a variant of multiple myeloma in which the malignant population of marrow cells produces free monoclonal light chains but no heavy chain or complete immunoglobulin. The monoclonal light chains are small enough to be freely filtered by the kidneys and become Bence–Jones protein. Light chain disease comprises about 18% of multiple myeloma patients. Here we present a case report of a 38-year-old man who initially presented with complaints of pain in back and low grade fever off and on. He was found to have collapse of D9 and D12 vertebrae along with ascites and right pleural effusion and massive proteinuria. Multiple myeloma was considered as a differential diagnosis based on the investigations but eventually the patient was lost to follow up. This case is reported here as the light chain variant of multiple myeloma leading to deposition disease is less commonly reported and presents considerable difficulties in diagnosis.     

Predictors of Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Complications in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in an Eastern Indian Population

The purpose of this study was to assess the predictive values of central obesity and hyperandrogenemia in development of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia in the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients in our region. Differences of fasting blood glucose level, insulin resistance index HOMA-IR, lipid parameters, waist hip ratio (WHR), body mass index, LH/FSH ratio and testosterone levels between 45 PCOS cases and 35 age matched controls were obtained. Strength of association between different parameters in the case group was assayed by Pearson’s correlation analysis. Dependence of insulin resistance and WHR on different predictors was assessed by multiple linear regression assay. Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, LH, FSH, LH/FSH ratio, WHR and insulin resistance were significantly higher in the case group (p < 0.05). Serum testosterone showed strong correlation with insulin resistance and LH/FSH ratio (r = 0.432 and 0.747, p = 0.01 and 0.001 respectively) in the PCOS patients while WHR and serum testosterone level stood out to be most significant predictors for the insulin resistance (β = 0.361 and 0.498; p = 0.048 and 0.049 respectively). Hyperandrogenemia and central obesity were the major factors predicting development of insulin resistance and its related metabolic and cardiovascular complications in our PCOS patients. We suggest early monitoring for androgen level and WHR in these patients for predicting an ensuing insulin resistance and modulating the treatment procedure accordingly to minimise future cardiovascular risks.     

Rare case of iatrogenic pan hypopituitarism

Excess glucocorticoids exert feedback suppression on hypothalamus and pituitary, Thereby the release of CRH and ACTH are suppressed which results in bilateral adrenal cortical atrophy, at the same time patients is having features of latrogenic Cushing syndrome. The interesting part of this case is excess glucocorticoids have exerted cross feedback suppression on hypothalamus and pituitary resulting in suppression of release of GHRH, GH and LHRH, LH and FSH also from hypothalamus and pituitary thereby resulting in growth retardation as well as hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism. Combination of feedback and cross feedback effect of excess glucocorticoids are seen in one patient which is an interesting part of the case.     

元极疗法调治糖尿病的临床研究(附31例报告)

以元极医学理论为指导,病人自己坚持练功,元极教师发放三元能量,对３１例糖尿病人进行调治,血糖、尿糖降低显著,症状明显改善。病人调治第１５ｄ和第３０ｄ,有效率均达９０．３％,表明以元极功法调治糖尿病患者,对于改善病情,提高病人生活质量是一种有效的方法。     

Determination of cancer antigen 125 in ovarian carcinoma

Appropriate therapeutic measures can improve the life expectancy of patients with ovarian malignancy. There has been a pressing need for serodiagnostic assays to enable, the close patient monitoring. Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125) has been described as a useful marker in patient monitoring for ovarian malignancy. Keeping this in view, the present study was planned. 40 consecutive female patients of ovarian carcinoma (mean age 52.4±10.7 years) were selected for serum CA125 analysis during the period of year 1995–2001. The tumour marker concentration was compared with histologic types of ovarian tumour and the FIGO staging of the disease. 25 healthy females (mean age 35.2–10.4 years) served as control. Mean serum CA125 concentrations in patients with papillary serous adenocarcinoma(Mean±%CV 1571±121.5 U/ml) was much higher than patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma(775±78U/ml). Mean serum CA125 concentration in endometrioid carcinoma was very high(2853±136 U/ml). The patient with clear cell carcinoma however had shown moderate increase(60 U/ml). No correlation was found between serum CA125 concentration and the FIGO staging of disease. Quantitation of CA125 was most helpful in monitoring the response of treatment and followup of the patients after completion of their treatment. Posttherapeutically its concentration showed more than 50% reduction in almost all (91.4%) patients (P<0.001). Importantly these patients had also shown significant regression of the disease clinically and radiologically. 8.6% of patients had shown static or increase in serum CA125 concentration which was associated with either clinically static or progressive disease. Recurrence of the disease was noted in patients who had shown increase in serum CA125 concentration (biochemical recurrence) in the followup However, in our test population biochemical recurrence(increase in serum marker concentration) preceded the clinical or radiological recurrence by an average of 6.5 months. Kaplan meier survival analysis for evaluation of overall survival in our test subjects showed an overall survival of 32% at one year and median survival of 9 months with confidence interval of 6.34 to 11.66. We conclude that serum CA125 is a useful marker for monitoring the treatment and predicting an early recurrence of the disease in ovarian carcinoma patients. A study in larger number of patients is needed to define its exact role in the management of the carcinoma ovary.     

Internet resources and biochemistry

The Internet is a massive expanding body of information, which is likely to play a significant role for clinical Biochemists and researchers in patient health care across the world. This expansion has been matched by an increase in the number of individuals using the Internet. Since its inception in December 1969 the Internet has grown rapidly and is anticipated to expand 100% in the coming next few years. This review illustrates to the Biochemists many uses of the Internet and hopefully provides a useful resource for professional and personal use. To explain the origin, functions, use and impact of the Internet and to provide a list of important website addresses related to Biochemistry. We undertook a detail scan of the Internet and identified a large number of websites pertaining to Biochemistry. The sites were then thoroughly searched to evaluate their potential usefulness to Biochemists, clinicians and researchers. This overview of the Internet and a compilation of important web-site addresses are expected to stimulate and inculcate Biochemists in the use of the web in teaching, training and research.     

Gold 型Bent函数的两个注记

Bent 函数一直是密码学研究中的重要课题,如何判断给出的布尔函数是否为bent函数是必须要解决的问题.通过对Gold型函数中指数的分析,得到了Gold型函数成为bent函数的充要条件,此充要条件是Leander文献中定理的部分推广,用该结论判断bent函数更加简便.同时还讨论了多个迹函数之和成为bent函数的一个充要条件.     

英语词汇集中学习与分散学习比较研究

在英语学习过程中,词汇学习占有十分重要的位置。在词汇习得的过程中,适当的时间分配又起着举足轻重的作用。本文从认知心理学的角度着重探讨中国学生在英语词汇学习中采用的两种时间分配形式,即：集中学习与分散学习。其中涉及单词的记忆与遗忘,复述等理论及相关实验研究。结合以上理论与实验研究,本文通过实验比较分析了集中学习与分散学习的利弊并就两种学习方式的不足处提出改进方案,得出分散学习较集中学习更有利于提高二语习得效率。     

The missing slope: paradoxical shortening of activated partial thromboplastin time in a patient on unfractionated heparin therapy

This case report describes false shortening of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) due to erroneous optical reading of the clotting point in the presence of unfractionated heparin (UFH), and a biphasic waveform. Activated partial thromboplastin time performed on a coagulometer with photo-optical detection yielded an ambiguous clotting curve characterized by an early and steady decrease in light transmittance throughout the whole measuring range, with the clotting point read at 65 seconds. Further investigations included measurement of aPTT by means of a mechanical clot detection method as well as determination of another heparin-sensitive coagulation assay, that is thrombin time (TT), both being unmeasurably prolonged (> 150 seconds). Communication with clinicians revealed that the patient was on continuous UFH therapy and had an underlying sepsis, with highly elevated C-reactive protein (289 mg/L). The aPTT measurements requested at three timepoints later during the same day revealed gradual aPTT shortening and unveiled a peculiar biphasic waveform pattern. In this case, unmeasurably prolonged aPTT due to UFH therapy was masked by a biphasic aPTT curve pattern making only the first slope of the biphasic waveform visible within the measuring range. The early decrease in plasma light transmittance mimicked optical changes related to clot formation, thus causing erroneous optical reading and yielding a falsely shortened aPTT. This case emphasizes that such a pattern should be carefully inspected, especially when a combination of a critically ill condition and UFH therapy is present, in order to prevent erroneous reporting of aPTT and potential adverse effects on patient care.     

现行休假制度对沈阳市居民旅游行为的影响研究

休假制度是影响城镇居民旅游行为的重要条件。本文以沈阳为例,采用问卷调查的方法,分析了现行休假制度的实施对沈阳市居民长途旅游和短途旅游行为所产生的影响,在此基础上对现行休假制度在沈阳的实施效果进行了客观评估。     

A Case of Sanfillippo’s Disease Correlating Clinical and Biochemical Findings

The mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are a heterogeneous group of rare inherited disorders caused by deficiency of lysosomal enzyme necessary to break down mucopolysaccharides or glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). We had combined clinical findings and ophthalmological features. Biochemical test for urine glycosaminoglycans was done for confirmation of diagnosis in the patient. The case of Sanfillippo’s disease was characterized by delayed development, hyperactivity with aggressive behaviour. Coarse facial feature, hirsutism and sleep disorder. Urine GAG tests for MPS was positive in the case. Based on clinical findings and biochemical tests for MPS, this case was diagnosed as a type III mucopolysaccharidoses. Urinary GAG’s electrophoresis is an important screening test for MPS suspected cases.     

基于文献计量学的技术路线图构建模型研究

 随着当前世界科学技术的不断发展,如何宏观把握技术发展态势、了解技术发展方向、预测技术发展趋势,已经成为国家政府、大中型企业以及研究机构愈来愈关注的重要问题之一。在此基础上,技术路线图方法应运而生,并成为技术评价与预测领域的核心工具之一。本文以文献计量学方法为核心,综合运用定性分析与定量分析方法,在定量数据的基础上,引入专家判断,构建了一套适用于宏观描绘新兴技术发展现状,并预测其发展趋势的技术路线图绘制模型。此外,本文选择了“电动汽车”技术领域展开实证研究,绘制了“电动汽车”领域全球技术路线图,验证了本模型的有效性与科学性。     

一例因食用水鱼引起过敏患者的急救护理

总结了一例因为食用水鱼引起过敏伴轻度喉头水肿患者的急救护理,主要包括了密切观察患者病情变化,给氧,开放静脉通路,心理护理,健康宣教等措施。认为发现过敏时应及时就诊是治疗成功的关键,加强对患者的心理护理及出院指导,可有效预防过敏的再次发生。     

基于本土资源的重大创新——汉字信息处理系统案例研究

本文以中国如何产生重大创新为主题，以王选和方正的汉字激光照排系统为案例，对发生在我国ICT领域出现的一个重大创新作了详细的内外因的分析。文章认为，在当前中国的科技水平下，基于本土资源，利用全球技术机遇是培育重大创新的充要条件。创业型科学家是重大创新之父，政府是重大创新的催化器，产学研合作是重大创新的前提。最后文章对今日中国如何推动重大创新、推进产学研合作提出了建议。     

大户领办型农民专业合作社研究——以箬横西瓜合作社为例

该文以浙江温岭市箬横西瓜合作社为案例,分析了该合作社的产生背景、运行机制、绩效以及获得的经验与启示。研究结果表明:农民的专业化、规模化与商品化经营是农民专业合作社发展的内在动力;各级政府部门的扶持是农民专业合作社发展的重要外部条件;能干的经营班子是农民专业合作社发展的关键;完善的规章制度是农民专业合作社稳定发展的保障;使社员受益是农民专业合作社吸引农户参与的根本手段;提高合作社的市场竞争力是农民专业合作社持续发展的保证。     

虚拟现实在手臂外骨骼康复系统中的应用

为了改善患者肢体康复医疗的条件,使患者在虚拟环境中获得视觉、听觉和力觉反馈．提出一套利用虚拟现实和外骨骼技术进行手臂康复医疗的方案,详细地介绍了硬件和软件的设计思想和设计方法,包括：手臂外骨骼设计、虚拟环境平台开发、运动控制设计和康复病案数据库的建立。基于虚拟现实手臂外骨骼康复系统,将运动治疗和心理治疗有机地结合起来,为残疾患者提供一种有效的肢体功能医疗器械。