荧光原位杂交技术及其应用

较全面地介绍了荧光原位杂交的特点、方法、原位杂交衍生出的新技术系列及其应用,并略述了荧光原位杂交的应用前景。     

荧光原位杂交技术及其应用

荧光原位杂交技术是20世纪80年代末发展起来的一种非放射性原位杂交技术。本文简要综述了该技术的发展概况、基本原理及该技术在生物学和医学中的应用。     

荧光原位杂交技术在基础实验教学中的应用

荧光原位杂交技术(FISH)是一项在生命科学研究中常用的实验技术。设计"端粒序列的荧光原位杂交定位"实验,并将这一技术转化为适合本科基础实验教学的内容。该实验分为染色体标本的制备和原位杂交两部分,每部分4~5个学时。通过这个实验,学生可以掌握荧光原位杂交技术的实验原理、实验方法及荧光显微镜的使用,并以此提高学生的科研能力和综合素质。     

荧光原位杂交技术及其在微生物生态学中的应用

介绍了荧光原位杂交技术的基本原理,讨论了该技术的操作程序及其在微生物生态学领域的应用。     

植物染色体原位杂交技术的应用现状

本文对植物染色体原位杂交的基本原理、原位杂交技术的应用和进展状况作了综合论述。     

非放射性原位杂交在医学研究中的应用

本文介绍了非放射性原位杂交(NISH)的基本原理,并对其在医学研究上的应用进行了初步概述。     

微生物生态学中定量分析技术的应用进展

讨论了以PCR技术和荧光原位杂交（Fluorescence in situ hybridization，FISH）技术为基础发展起来的、应用于微生物生态学定量分析研究的一些技术进展．     

植物染色体原位杂交研究进展

染色体原位杂交技术是基因定位研究中最为植接和简便的方法之一,随着分子生物学技术的进步不有理的原位杂交新技术在植物基因定位中逐步得到推广,综述了原位杂交的发展及植物基因定位中的应用情况。     

植物染色体原位杂交研究进展

染色体原位杂交技术是基因定位研究中最为直接和简便的方法之一 .随着分子生物学技术的进步 ,不断涌现的原位杂交新技术在植物基因定位中逐步得到推广 .综述了原位杂交的发展及在植物基因定位中的应用情况     

荧光原位杂交技术在优生学中的应用

荧光原位杂交技术能够快速准确地诊断染色体异常病,可用于不需培养羊水细胞的产前诊断、胚胎种植前遗传学诊断,是目前国内外细胞遗传学研究的热点.     

黄斑姜中期染色体CPD染色和45SrDNA荧光原位杂交分析

为了对黄斑姜（Zingiber flavo—maculatum S．Q．Tong．）的染色体进行识别并对该物种基因组的结构进行初步研究,利用PI和DAPI组合（CPD）染色和45SrDNA探针荧光原位杂交对中期染色体进行了分析．结果显示,黄癍姜具有2对45SrDNA位点,分别位于第3、4号染色体的短臂,对应于相应染色体上的显著的CPD带区．基于,DNA位点和染色体测量数据,建立了黄斑姜的准确而详细的分子细胞遗传学核型．黄斑姜核型公式为2n=2X=22=12m＋6sm＋4st（SAT）,其核型不对称性为2B型．     

Rapid detection of chromosome 18 aneuploidies in amniocytes by using Primed In Situ Labeling (PRINS) technique

This paper presents a feasible method for rapid detection of the interphase nuclei of uncultured amniocytes for chromosomes 18 by using our modified primed in situ labeling (PRINS) technique. A total of 262 independent, uncultured amniotic fluid samples were analyzed in a blind fashion before the karyotype was available. In addition, 62 samples were examined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for comparison. In more than 95% of the samples PRINS reactions with prime 18cen were successfully induced. Two samples were properly identified and correctly soored as trisomic 18. PRINS reaction could be performed automatically in less than one hour with a programmable themocycler. Our studies showed that the PRINS technique is simple, rapid and cost-effective. It is as sensitive and specific as FISH; can enhance the accuracy of standard cytogenetic analysis; and allows identification of chromosomes 18 aneuploidies in uncultured amniocytes in significantly less time. Project supported by the Scientific Research Foundation for Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry and Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China     

烧伤早期肾内皮素的变化的探讨

多器官功能衰竭(MOF)是严重烧伤的重要死亡原因,其中急性肾功能衰竭(ARF)发生率占58%～64%,死亡率极高。既往的研究认为,严重烧伤早期肾功能损害是由于严重休克,肾脏缺血缺氧所致,但发病机理甚为复杂,迄今远未阐明。内皮素-1(Endothelin-1,ET-1)是目前已知的作用最强,时间最持久的内源性缩血管活性肽。基于它对肾血流、肾功能的强大调节作用,提示烧伤后肾功能损害与其可能存在密切关系。     

原位杂交检测新基因SNC 66在大肠癌组织中的表达

用体外转录的方法制备得地高辛标记的cRNA探针,并以此对大肠癌组织及同一病人的正常粘膜进行SNC66基因表达的cRNA/mRNA原位杂交配对研究。结果表明,SNC66基因的表达细胞主要是上皮细胞和淋巴细胞;其在大肠癌中存在明显的表达缺陷。SNC66基因可作为候选抑癌基因加以研究、利用。     

应用地高辛标记的cRNA探针原位杂交法检测大鼠下丘脑生长抑素mRNA

用成年雄性Wistar大鼠,经4％多聚甲醛灌注固定,取下丘脑组织,行再固定24h,常规石蜡包埋和切片,用地高辛标记的cRNA探针进行原位杂交,结果显示在弓状核及其邻近区域见到阳性神经元,阳性信号为蓝色颗粒,胞质、核膜及核仁呈阳性。阴性对照均无阳性反应出现。本实验证实,用石蜡切片进行原位杂交组织化学研究,能检测下丘脑生长抑素神经元基因表达产物mRNA,方法稳定,重复性好,便于普通实验室开展工作。     

Performance of biological phosphorus removal and characteristics of microbial community in the oxic-settling-anaerobic process by FISH analysis

Performance of biological phosphorus removal in the oxic-settling-anaerobic （OSA） process was investigated. Cell staining and fluorescent in situ hybridization （FISH） were used to analyze characteristics and microbial community of sludge. Experimental results showed that phosphorus removal efficiency was near 60% and the amount of biological phosphorus accumulation in aerobic sludge of the OSA system was up to 26.9 mg/g. Biological phosphorus removal efficiency was partially inhibited by carbon sources in the continuous OSA system. Contrasted to the OSA system, biological phosphorus removal efficiency was enhanced by 14% and the average total phosphorus （TP） contents of aerobic sludge were increased by 0.36 mg/g when sufficient carbon sources were supplied in batch experiments. Staining methods indicated that about 35% of microorganisms had typical characteristics of phosphorus accumulating organisms （PAOs）. FISH analysis demonstrated that PAOMIX-binding bacteria were predominant microbial communities in the OSA system, which accounted for around 28% of total bacteria.     

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis for Down syndrome pregnancy

Objective： To evaluate the effect ofpreimplantation genetic diagnosis （PGD） conducted for women who had Down syndrome pregnancy previously. Methods： Trisomy 21 was diagnosed by using fluorescence in site hybridization （FISH） before embryo transfer in two women who had Down syndrome pregnancies. Each received one or two PGD cycles respectively. Results： Case 1： one PGD cycle was conducted, two oocytes were fertilized and biopsied. One embryo is of trisomy 21 and the other of monosomy 21. No embryo was transferred. Case 2： two PGD cycles were conducted, in total, sixteen oocytes were fertilized and biopsied. Four embryos were tested to be normal, six of trisomy 21, and one of monosomy 21. Five had no signal. Four normal embryos were transferred but no pregnancy resulted. Conclusion： For couples who had pregnancies with Down syndrome previously, PGD can be considered, and has been shown to be an effective strategy.     

新基因SNC6在大肠癌中的表达研究

应用非同位素标记的原位杂交技术,配对检测了SNC 6基因在37例大肠癌病人的正常粘膜、癌旁粘膜和癌组织中的表达情况,并结合临床病理资料,探讨SNC 6表达与大肠癌发生、发展的相关性。结果表明,SNC 6基因只表达在大肠粘膜的上皮结构中,在大肠癌中发生了明显的表达降低或表达缺乏。该基因的表达与癌症病人的性别、年龄、Dukes分期、分化程度及浸润深度无关,但与有无淋巴结转移有关。提示SNC 6可能参与大肠癌发生发展后期的次级分子事件。