家校合作关系的检视—一种批判的视角

家校合作是家校关系发展的趋向,但家校合作模式遮蔽了家校关系中家长与学校教师、家长与家长之间的冲突.通过分析家校合作概念,解构其间的权力关系,发现掌握了更多资源与制度化权力的学校控制了家校合作的动向,也使合作难以达成理想的状态.在这种模式下,原本由于经济、文化条件处于不利状况的家长会因为家校合作中面对教师和其他家长时处于弱势而加剧处境不利,最终影响来自这些家庭的学生的学业成就.     

基于问卷调查的家校合作问题及对策研究

采取抽样调查问卷的方式,以广州市第三中学的学生家长和教师为调查对象,了解并分析了学校家校合作的现状和存在问题:家校合作的渠道单一、内容狭小;教师与家长对对方的认可度不一;家长在家校合作行动上不够积极主动;学校对家校合作缺乏计划性和系统性。基于存在的问题,提出加强家校合作的策略:深化家校合作的认识,明确职责,协同教育;鼓励家校互动,实现双向交流;拓宽沟通合作渠道,巧用家长资源,突显学生主体的地位;加强校本研修,促进家校合作。     

突出家长在“家校合作”中的主体性地位

在当前的家校合作中,大多数学校采取的是学校主导下家长参与的教育模式,家长在与教师沟通、与学校沟通中扮演被动、次要、从属的角色。而现代家校合作中,强调家庭与学校的平等地位,鼓励家长在家校合作中发挥师生关系的协调者、学生学习的支持者、家长角色的学习者、学校活动的参与者的角色。家长应充分认识到自己的家校合作中的重要作用,与学校教育一起为孩子营造和谐的教育环境;学校也应认识到家长的主体性地位,强调教师与家长平等,协助家长发掘家庭教育中的优势因素。     

城市化进程中家校合作现状的调查研究——以山东省D市城区中小学校为例

当前,在快速发展的城市化进程中,学校生源的多元化带来了家校合作的新问题。通过对山东省D市城区中小学校进行调查,结果表明：不同类型的家长（市直机关人员与流动人口家长）在家校合作中对子女教育的自我效能感存在显著差异;流动人口家长在家校合作中表现出退缩和自卑的心理。提高家校合作水平,应该切实保障家长参与学校教育和管理的权利,健全家校合作的组织机构,将家校合作纳入学校评估体系,明确学校、家长和学生各自的责任。     

家协会：家校合作的新实践

家校合作在国外已经有丰富的实践经验和理论概括,在我国则是改革开放以后的事情。家校合作对于促进学生健康成长、教师和家长共同进步、学校和家庭共同发展具有重要意义。何谓家校合作家校合作就是两种教育——学校教育与家庭教育,两个教育机构——学校和家庭,两种身份的教育者——教师和家长,相互合作、相互支持、相互融合,共同促进孩子发展。从概念中可以看出,家校合作有这样几个要素：第一,家校合作是指学校和家庭之间的合作,家长参与学校教育,     

城市化进程中家校合作现状的调查研究——以山东省D市城区中小学校为例

当前,在快速发展的城市化进程中,学校生源的多元化带来了家校合作的新问题。通过对山东省D市城区中小学校进行调查,结果表明:不同类型的家长(市直机关人员与流动人口家长)在家校合作中对子女教育的自我效能感存在显著差异;流动人口家长在家校合作中表现出退缩和自卑的心理。提高家校合作水平,应该切实保障家长参与学校教育和管理的权利,健全家校合作的组织机构,将家校合作纳入学校评估体系,明确学校、家长和学生各自的责任。     

长春市中小学生心理健康教育的“家校合作”模式初探

中小学心理健康教育是一项系统工程,需要学校、家庭和社会的通力合作。为调查长春市中小学生心理健康教育"家校合作"模式的开展情况,本文采用问卷法调查了长春市中小学学校领导、教师和家长对心理健康教育"家校合作"进展情况的态度、看法、意见和建议。建议通过多种途径进一步加强"家校合作"工作:提高认识、统一思想;构建学校、家长、学生联动合作的三级心理健康教育工作网络;创新家校合作方式;成立心理健康教育工作领导协调小组,提供组织和制度保障等。     

农村家校互动不良原因及对策探析

良好的家校互动是学生学业成功的重要保障,但我国农村家长参与低迷,学校互动乏力,家校互动呈不良状态。分析原因,学校提供的互动渠道符号意义大于其实质意义,教师受制于教师身份的专业主义,家长参与信心不足,学校、教师和家长沟通地位不平等。为了扭转农村家校互动不良的局面,学校要创新家校互动的方式方法,教师要突破固有的教师身份专业主义权威,家长要提高参与信心,学校、教师和家长要在平等交流的基础上开展合作共育。     

北京市宣武区部分小学家校沟通情况调查

教师和家长的有效沟通与合作可以提高教育效果,促进学生更加全面健康发展。家校沟通的途径多种多样且各具特点与优势,其中,家访的作用受到教师和家长的重视,但实际实施频率较低。因此,必须大力宣传家校合作观念,学校和家长应当做好各自的工作,教师应当采取各种策略加强与家长的沟通,提高家校合作效率。     

教师角色的危机与重构——基于家长群引发的思考

家长群成为当前全新的、无法忽视的家校合作方式。作为家长群中的重要参与者,教师被"卷入"这种方便、快捷、形式多样的媒介方式时也呈现出新的角色危机,在实际的家校合作中成为教学任务的任意分配者、学业焦虑的强化者以及低效信息的制造者。重构教师在家长群中的角色危机在于使教师认识到家校沟通的本质目的在于学生自身的完善,进而能够积极重构新的角色。教师作为家校边界的掌握者、学业焦虑的缓解者以及深度沟通的倡导者,应该更新自身的理念、改变自己的行为,更好地促进家校合作和学生的身心发展。     

Preparing for parents: how Australian teacher education is addressing the question of parent-school engagement

Parent-school engagement is widely embraced as a policy and educational ideal, yet to date there are few studies of how teacher education prepares students for this important aspect of their professional lives. In this paper, we consider findings from a recent Australian study that explored how the issue of parent-school relations is currently addressed in Australian initial teacher education programmes. The study is situated within the broader policy context of teaching standards. Our findings challenge suggestions that parent-school engagement is largely absent from pre-service programmes, and although the study recognizes gaps and discontinuities, it also identifies four key domains in which initial teacher education currently prepares students for parent engagement. We argue that students are being prepared for parent-school engagement in a variety of ways, but that there is insufficient continuity to ensure that all beginning teachers have a thorough understanding of how to work effectively with parents.     

Understanding inclusive education practices in schools under local government jurisdiction: a study of Khon Kaen Municipality in Thailand

This article investigates inclusive education practices in schools under the jurisdiction of Thai local government through a study of schools in Khon Kaen Municipality in Northeastern Thailand. Thailand’s 1997 Constitution and 1999 National Education Act both legislated that the educational system must become inclusive, and under these laws schools are required to admit all groups of children, including children with special educational needs (SEN). This study sheds light on the situation of inclusive education in schools with regard to administrators’ policy implementation, teachers’ practices, and parents’ perception of inclusive education management. The findings derive from a survey of 11 school administrators, 114 teachers, and 274 parents (of 137 regular and 137 students with SEN), together with six focus groups with administrators and teachers from six schools. The results demonstrate that most school leaders support inclusive classrooms, most teachers are willing to work with SEN students, and parents of regular students accept the concept of inclusion. Actual practices of inclusive education vary, however, depending upon the perception of administrators and the will of the teachers to implement inclusive education. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the policy of the municipality may have resulted in the development of inclusive practices in schools under its jurisdiction.     

The Nature,Correlates, and Conditions of Parental Advocacy in Special Education

Although parents often advocate for the best educational services for their children with disabilities, few studies examine parents’ advocacy activities; identify parent-school relationship, parent, and student correlates of advocacy; or describe the conditions of advocacy. Responding to a national, web-based survey, 1087 parents of students with disabilities completed a 163-item questionnaire. A seven-item Special Education Rights and Advocacy Scale converged on a single factor. Higher levels of advocacy were found among parents who enacted their procedural safeguards, reported less satisfactory partnerships with schools, and were less satisfied with educational services. Parents engaging in the highest levels of advocacy described negative experiences, with schools refusing services, acting disingenuously, lacking trained personnel, and communicating poorly. Conversely (and with some exceptions), parents engaging in lesser amounts of advocacy reported positive experiences, were satisfied, and felt that their IEP teams were collaborative. High levels of parental advocacy may be a reaction to poor relationships with and behaviors by the school. Implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed.     

西北地区农村小学教学方法现状个案调查

从学校、教师、家长、学生等多层次、多角度对西北地区农村小学教学方法现状调查分析的结果表明:一线教师对新课程所倡导的参与、自主、探究、合作等教学方法在认识上存在排斥、模式化、怀疑、内化等几个层次和阶段,教师课堂教学中的主要困难集中在课堂管理、时间控制、教师负担等几个方面。     

Parental perspectives of the role of school factors in school refusal

The aim of this study was to explore parents’ perspectives on the role of school factors in school refusal (SR). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 parents who had experienced SR with their own child. They identified several school factors related to SR. Some of these findings suggest that students who are prone to SR need more predictability and more teachers’ support than they sometimes get in school. Their need for predictability seems to occur particularly during less structured activities and during transitions in school. Findings also imply that disruptive behavior among classmates and harsh management from teachers affects perceived predictability and support for SR-prone students. All parents expressed concern about bullying, and roughly a third of them reported that their child had been a victim of bullying. Insufficient adaptation of schoolwork was also mentioned relatively frequently. Parents emphasized that adaptation of schoolwork needs to be done in close cooperation with the student and parents to avoid negative differentiation from classmates or stigma. Finally, several parents commented that teachers and schools need more knowledge about SR and felt that schools needed a more coordinated approach to supporting students who are at risk of SR.     

影响农村职校教师专业化发展的因素

教师专业化发展已经成为教育改革的核心,广大教育工作者的共识。然而由于城乡地域差别,农村职校的教师专业化发展却难以开展。究其原因有外因和内因之分。其中职业教育不公平导致了政府和社会对职业教育的不重视,职校教师社会地位较低。职校教师职前培养的缺陷、教师专业化发展评价体系不健全也是影响专业化发展的重要原因。内因则是由教师自身造成的,即职校教师本身的内在动力不足,对自己的专业发展不主动、不努力,对学生、对自己的教学工作的奉献意识淡薄。     

家园合作渗入幼儿园科学教育活动的调查研究

抽取成都市开展了科学教育活动的幼儿园,通过对家长问卷调查和对教师访谈相结合的方法,对家园合作渗入幼儿园科学教育活动的现状进行调查分析,发现家园合作开展幼儿科学教育活动过程中存在家长观念陈旧、活动参与性不高,家园合作缺乏系统性和明确性等问题,分析其原因在于幼儿园缺乏系统的家园合作机制、合作形式化、教师缺乏创新、家长欠缺科学认识,为更好的实现家园合作,对社会、幼儿园、家长提出了有效性的建议,以此为促进幼儿科学启蒙教育打下坚实的基础.     

Preschool–home cooperation in change

The purpose of this study is to bring forth preschool teachers' and parents' views on both established and future forms of cooperation between the preschool and home. The empirical sample is based on both individual and focus‐group interviews. Results show that cooperation mainly revolves around the individual child. The form of cooperation that is the least established among both preschool teachers and parents tends to be the parent council. It is concluded that it is important for preschool teachers to provide varied and rich forms of cooperation, as different forms of cooperation appeal to different parents. With a wide range, there is a possibility to reach all parents.     

论中小学教师角色的迷失、回归与意义

中小学教师角色的定位问题一直是学界研究的热点,在中国文化传统作用下,中小学教师角色的认识常常迷失在道德“圣人”、知识“完人”和学生“仆人”的丛林中。让教师走下“神坛”,回归“常人”的生活,对学生的成长、教师幸福的实现、家校之间的合作以及学习型社会的建设都具有重要的意义。     

辽西三所高校家校合作现状调查

在对辽西3所高校500多名学生家长进行调查的基础上,分析目前高校家校合作存在的主要问题包括：合作目的功利化、缺乏有效沟通、合作计划性差、合作效率偏低及制度建设滞后.据此提出了一些改进的意见和建议.