西部城市群培育过程中的若干问题分析——基于比较制度经济学的视角

西部城市群的发展形态滞后于发达地区。由于要素禀赋和发展环境差异,西部城市群的发展轨迹必然有别于其他城市群。比较制度经济理论认为,经济发展过程中的诸多要素存在关联性。由于政府不合理的制度干预,西部城市群的经济发展过程中参与人的博弈大多是一次性的。这种短期行为制约了要素互补性的形成,因而西部城市群不能形成城市群体系,导致分工体系不发达,从而不能向更高的形态演进。     

西部现代农业发展的困境与路径选择

西部农业发展水平的低下是西部地区经济社会发展面临的严峻制约,加快发展西部现代农业是推进西部农业现代化的战略选择.文章分析了西部发展农业的现实困境,认为西部现代农业发展必须走政府指导,企业主体,合作社为基础的新型模式,通过加快制度创新步伐、完善政策扶持体系、强化农业金融支持、创新农业经营机制、加大人力资本投入、健全社会服务体系推进西部现代农业发展.     

西部经济发展及战略调整探析

西部大开发以来,西部经济出现了加快发展的好势头,但也面临着不容忽视的问题,即东西部差距仍在继续拉大,西部地区持续发展的内生增长因素远未形成。研究了问题产生的原因,并提出现阶段实施西部大开发的新思路,对于正确发挥政府协调区域经济发展的主导作用,积极推进西部大开发具有十分重要的意义。     

西部少数民族地区社会资本建设研究

建设西部少数民族社会资本对于西部少数民族地区的资源利用、经济发展、民族团结和社会稳定具有极为重大的战略意义。文章在阐释西部少数民族社会资本内涵、特点的基础上,分析了影响其进一步发展的制约因素,指出西部少数民族社会资本建设的重点是改善社会资本环境、加强政府规划引导、注重传统文化传承、推进文化交流整合和完善法律法规体系。     

我国数字政府发展水平的影响因素和提升路径分析——基于27个省会城市的组态研究

基于TOE框架,提出解释数字政府发展水平的框架,并运用模糊集定性比较分析方法,对27个省会城市数字政府的发展现状开展实证研究,以探究数字政府发展水平的影响因素及其提升路径,为数字政府建设实践提供借鉴。结果发现：提升数字政府发展水平的模式有三种：以经济发展水平和公众需求规模为核心的“环境制约型”,以制度建设为核心的“制度引领型”,经济发展水平、公众需求规模和制度建设均为核心的“全面发展型”。基于此,提出为提高数字政府整体建设水平,各地方政府应因地制宜选择适配路径、以公众需求为导向、加强制度建设、推动数字政府与数字经济发展形成合力。     

我国西部地区经济发展滞后：理论解析与政策对接

1978年以来我国经济发展实行的是一种非平衡的、以效率优先为原则的发展战略,导致东西部区域间存在较大差距。这主要是由于国家经济发展战略、西部政府经济发展引领性不足以及市场化程度低等因素导致。因此,应当转变政府工作观念与经济管理职能、加大政策创新力度、大力推进市场化进程。     

我省经济发展与地方政府制度创新

地方政府作为中央政府的分支机构,依法管理一个区域内的公共事务,发挥中央政府不可替代的作用,应当成为推动区域经济发展的制度创新主体。根据制度经济学的理论,从区域经济发展的现实需要出发,本文着重分析地方政府在制度创新中所扮演的重要角色,以及如何更好地承担角色,在我国区域经济发展中发挥应有的作用。     

在加快经济发展方式转变中培育新阶段西部大开发的动力机制

西部大开发战略的实施为缩小东西部差距、实现区域协调发展发挥了巨大作用,但西部地区仍然缺乏自我造血、自我发展的条件。在西部大开发进入加速推进的新阶段后,西部地区要实现经济社会全面协调可持续发展,需要在加快经济发展方式转变中,通过着力深化改革,使西部大开发同时成为西部大改革,从而培育能够实现自我造血、自我发展的体制机制。     

我国西部地区生态补偿制度的法律研究

目前,中国的发展进程不可避免在生态环境问题上面临着挑战,对于西部地区,生态和环境问题已成为阻碍经济发展的瓶颈。因此,建立和完善生态补偿制度,显得极为重要和迫切。本文从西部地区生态环境现状切入,对西部地区生态补偿制度的实施现状进行分析,进一步对西部地区生态补偿制度的法律问题探析,从而建立和完善西部地区生态补偿法律制度。     

低碳经济背景下技术创新和制度创新动态推进模型研究

低碳经济已经成为全球发展新趋势,其核心动力是技术创新和制度创新。在推进低碳经济发展过程中,技术创新和制度创新之间的相互作用关系与生物种群之间的共生关系极为类似,因而本文通过引入生物学中解释不同生物种群共生的logistic模型,描述技术创新子系统和制度创新子系统在独立、竞争和协同模式下动态推进经济发展达到稳定状态的过程,并给出动态均衡所需要的条件及其经济意义。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese     

More than Skin Deep – Understand Skin Biology by Means of Dermatogenomics

<正>The Paul Gerson Unna Research Group on Dermatogenomics was founded in October 2012 at the Partner Institute for Computational Biology.The ultimate goal of the group is to understand the biology of skin and skin appendages.