News or Noticias: A Social Identity Approach to Understanding Latinos’ Preferred Language for News Consumption in the United States

For Latinos in the United States, decisions reflecting which language they prefer for news media consumption can have substantial effects on the quality of the content they receive. However, little is known about what influences Latinos’ language preferences for news media consumption. This project looks to fill that void to the immediate appeal of academics and media analysts by asking, What influences Latinos’ language preference for news? This project builds on social psychology theories highlighting the role played by social identity and self-categorization for inspiring culturally consistent behaviors. This social identity approach focuses on the embrace of Latino characteristics and the complementary nature of Spanish-language media outputs relative to those characteristics. Using the 2006 Latino National Survey, the role of identity is explored. The results indicate that language preferences for news consumption are indeed related to various social identity measures among Latinos in the United States.     

Information activities within information horizons: A case for college students' personal information management

Personal information management behaviors appear differently by sources and by context. This study investigates personal information spaces from a quantitative approach and factors specific information behaviors and sources into information contexts. Using the information source horizon theory as a theoretical framework, college students' information behaviors to specific information sources were investigated in three personal information contexts (academic, health, and personal history contexts). In the college setting, students' personal information horizons echo the findings of previous studies that information contexts determine information horizons in general. In addition, specific information behaviors (collect, organize, and utilize) in this study are an important factor to influence personal information horizons. Certain information activities are observed in similar patterns regardless of contexts. The study suggests that the Information Horizon theory could be expanded to include information behaviors as an important determinant. From the data, radar charts visually present the relationships between information sources and activities, and they served as a collective form of information horizon maps.     

项目团队科研人员信息查询行为与创新行为的互动机理

目的：探讨信息查询行为与创新行为的互动机理。方法：采用自行研制的科研人员信息查询行为和创新行为量表,对长治医学院36个科研团队共218名科研人员的信息查询行为和创新行为进行调查,应用描述性分析、t 检验、F 检验等统计学方法分析其互动机理。结果：项目团队科研人员信息查询行为各维度与创新行为、创新意识、创新特质、创新环境相互作用和影响,信息评价对创新行为影响最大,创新行为维度与信息查询行为存在显著相关性,创新特质对信息查询行为影响最大。结论：科研人员的信息查询行为总体与创新行为总体之间具有强相关性,应逐渐提高科研人员信息查询能力、增强其信息素养、创新特质、创新意识和创新能力。     

不同级别项目团队科研人员信息查询行为特征与差异性

目的：评价不同级别团队科研人员的信息查询行为特征和差异.方法：采用自行研制的科研人员信息查询行为量表,调查所在学校承担国家级、省级、厅级、局级4个层面科研项目的36个团队218名科研人员的信息查询行为,并比较分析其信息查询行为特征和差异.结果：团队中不同性别、不同学历、不同职称科研人员的信息查询行为均存在显著差异,高职称的科研人员对信息查询行为最强;承担国家级科研项目的团队科研人员的信息查询行为最优.结论：应针对项目团队科研人员的信息查询行为水平,提高、增强科研人员的信息协作能力和信息素养,为其构建良好的信息资源环境.     

不同养老模式下老人日常生活信息查询行为的影响因素

目的：调查不同养老模式下老人日常生活信息查询行为的影响因素。方法：采用分层抽样和整群抽样相结合的方法,对中部地区不同养老模式下的1178名60岁以上常住老人进行日常生活信息查询行为影响因素问卷调查,并采用自行设计的老年人日常生活信息查询行为量表评价其查询能力。结果：中部地区家庭、社区及机构养老模式下老年人日常生活信息查询行为总分分别为62.63±13.12分,65.16±13.37分,57.84±11.98分。年龄、健康状况、文化程度、身体因素、设备不全、查询能力及是否参加过培训等是老人日常生活信息查询行为的影响因素。结论：应根据不同养老模式下老人信息查询行为的影响因素,强化养老工作,提高其总体信息查询能力。     

Cultivating Intergroup Emotions: An Intergroup Threat Theory Approach

The current study tests whether media consumption is associated with negative intergroup emotions toward Blacks, Latinos, and Asians and whether media use indirectly influences intergroup emotions via threat perceptions. We do so using a two-study survey design. Results from Study 1 indicated that media consumption is associated with anger toward Latinos and Asians but not anger toward Blacks. We also found that media use was associated with anxiety toward Blacks, Latinos, and Asians. Results from Study 2 indicated that media use indirectly influences anger and anxiety toward Blacks and Latinos through perceptions of threat. Media consumption did not indirectly influence anger and anxiety toward Asians, though perceptions of threat did directly influence intergroup emotions toward this group. The discussion highlights the important, but negative, role of media in intergroup processes.     

不同养老模式下老年人生活质量与信息查询行为相关性分析

目的：分析三种养老模式下老年人生活质量与信息查询行为的相关性.方法：采用分层抽样和整群抽样相结合的方法,对中部地区1 320名60岁以上常住老人进行问卷调查,采用世界卫生组织生活质量测定表简表（WHOQOL-BREF）评价其生活质量,设计量表测定其信息查询行为.结果：中部地区机构养老模式下老年人的生活质量最低,家庭与社区养老模式下老年人的生活质量较高（P＜0.05）,且无显著差异（P＞0.05）.家庭和社区养老模式下老年人生活质量与信息查询行为呈中相关,机构养老模式下老年人生活质量与信息查询行为呈弱相关或无关.结论：改善中部地区三种养老模式下老年人居住环境,完善各项服务设施和加大医疗及信息设备投入,加大养老机构的硬件投入,是提高老年人总体生活质量和主观幸福感的重要环节.     

Examining Differences in Predictors of African American,Caucasian, and Latino Young Adults’ Intentions to Register as an Organ Donor

To date, African Americans and Latinos consent to organ donation at lower rates than Caucasians and are disproportionately represented on transplant waiting lists. However, limited work has investigated racial differences in predictors of organ donation registration. In this study, we examined racial differences in the antecedents of African American, Caucasian, and Latino young adults’ registration intentions using the theory of planned behavior, the noncognitive model, and perceived realism. Non-donors (N = 307) were recruited in a stratified random telephone survey. Results indicate that for African Americans, subjective norm, bodily integrity, and medical mistrust were the strongest predictors of registration intention. For Caucasians, attitude and subjective norm arose as key determinants of registration intention. For Latinos, attitude, subjective norm, and medical mistrust were the strongest predictors of registration intention. Consistent evidence for the independent predictive validity of perceived realism was also documented. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed, as well as avenues for future research.     

大学生社交网站用户信息分享行为调查研究

通过介绍信息分享行为的研究现状,采用问卷调查法,以中山大学大学生社交网站用户为样本,分析他们在社交网站上信息分享的规律,包括信息内容、信息来源、分享信息的动机等,方便学校图书馆更好地了解用户的信息习惯和偏好,提出了增强图书馆网站信息偶遏能力、营造信息分享氛围强化图书馆社交网站深度休闲功能的建议.     

Health information seeking among people with multiple chronic conditions: Contextual factors and their associations mined from questions in social media

The health-information-seeking behaviors of people affected by multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) who use social media to obtain information was explored. The contextual factors and latent relationships that shape the unique information-seeking behaviors of this population, focusing on commonly co-occurring chronic conditions: high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity were investigated. Using a similarity matrix and co-occurrence network techniques 9,980 Yahoo!Answers questions posted by individuals concerned about MCCs were analyzed. Findings demonstrate the interactive nature of health-information-seeking among people with MCCs. Various interwoven personal and environmental factors reflect efforts of people with MCCs to obtain more personalized information, conveying the specific queries and needs of this population. Findings may help facilitate interactions between people living with MCCs and health care providers, as well as aid providers and health-information resource designers in providing more tailored and accessible resources, expanding upon user-centered approaches to health information service.     

进展与展望:面向健康信息的用户搜寻行为

健康信息搜寻行为非常普遍且日益重要,全面了解与探究用户的健康信息搜寻行为,能够促进用户对健康信息的关注,优化健康服务,提高公众的健康信息素养,也有利于构建用户健康信息搜寻行为的模型框架。文章对国内外用户的健康信息搜寻行为进行回顾和梳理,提出当前健康信息搜寻行为研究的整体框架,以健康信息搜寻行为为中心,从影响因素、搜寻过程以及后续影响三方面评述相关成果;分析现阶段研究的不足,为未来研究提出方向。     

跨学科信息查寻行为研究文献综述

[目的/意义]总结跨学科信息查寻行为研究现状,提出跨学科信息查寻行为研究中值得关注的问题,为今后的研究提供一定的参考。[方法/过程]通过梳理国内外跨学科信息查寻行为的相关理论成果,在明确相关概念的基础之上,对跨学科信息需求、信息查寻渠道、信息查寻障碍、信息查寻行为模型等方面进行归纳和总结。[结果/结论]研究认为,未来跨学科信息查寻行为研究可在以下4个方面开展:①结合已有研究,系统发掘跨学科信息查寻行为的影响因素;②在D.Ellis经典模型的基础上,构建跨学科信息查寻行为模型;③结合创造心理学,探讨跨学科信息查寻对跨学科知识创新的影响;④针对跨学科信息查寻行为特征,改进信息服务。     

研究生学术搜索中的信息规避行为与成因研究

[目的/意义]探索研究生学术搜索中的信息规避行为及成因,为改善信息规避消极影响、提升学术搜索效果提供依据。[方法/过程]首先利用任务式搜索实验获取搜索行为数据;其次通过访谈、扎根理论编码析出各搜索环节的信息规避行为及其影响因素;然后结合实验和访谈归纳出信息规避行为引发的搜索模式及搜索路径;最后依据SOR理论构建不同搜索模式下的信息规避模型,并结合问卷调研分析各搜索环节的信息规避成因。[结果/结论]研究生学术搜索中的信息规避行为受任务、信息、环境、资本因素外部刺激,受心理因素内部驱动,受能力因素调节控制;信息规避行为引发了直线式和螺旋式 2种搜索模式,在心理因素的反作用下,螺旋式搜索模式是对直线式搜索模式下信息规避行为负面影响的主观矫正;信息规避行为有积极和消极之分,需要引导消极信息规避行为,减少其带来的不利影响。     

信息系统行为要素剖析及其监控机制设计*

鉴定电子商务等信息系统产生影响与控制的行为主体，通过对行为主体信息行为的类型划分、信息行为基本要素的剖析，在系统威胁模型研究的基础上，提出系统信息行为的监控逻辑模型，该模型由实时监测、信息行为知识库、安全预警、动态管理功能模块构成，并给出该系统的实现架构。     

科研协同中信息操纵行为的特征及其影响因素研究

[目的/意义]科研协同的效应取决于信息完整、正确、有效地流动,而在信息流动过程中不可避免地存在信息故意失真行为,即通过伪造、隐瞒和逃避等来操纵信息等行为.研究科研协同的信息操纵行为及其影响因素有助于科研机构掌握信息操纵行为的特征,制定信息治理策略,提升协同效应.[方法/过程]基于扎根理论,对111位科研人员进行深度访谈...     

The Effect of Prime Time Television Ethnic/Racial Stereotypes on Latino and Black Americans: A Longitudinal National Level Study

Much is known about the negative consequences of exposure to ethnic/racial stereotypes in the media, on White audiences. However, there is substantially less research addressing the effects of such media content on members of racial/ethnic minority groups. The present study examines this question using repeated cross-sectional national level data alongside a content analysis of top prime time shows between 1987 and 2008. Multi-level modeling analyses reveal that media representations of Latinos and Blacks were associated with Latinos’ and Blacks’ ingroup attitudes, however effects on attitudes towards Whites were not significant.     

跨理论模型的发展和有关信息行为研究的述评

[目的/意义] 跨理论模型(TTM)广泛应用于健康行为改变研究中,回顾跨理论模型的发展沿革以及相关的人类信息行为研究,以期更好地认识信息行为在健康行为促进中的关联和影响机制。[方法/过程] 采用文献分析法回顾跨理论模型的发展历程,着重探究其中与人类信息行为相关的内容,以及二者结合的实证研究,初步总结了健康行为改变过程中各阶段涉及的信息类型和信息行为。[结果/结论] 对跨理论模型和人类信息行为进行较为系统的梳理,为今后探究不同改变阶段中信息类型、信息行为的作用机制提供一定的参考,助力实证研究和策略制定。     

Looking for datasets to open: An exploration of government officials' information behaviors in open data policy implementation

In recent years, more and more government administrations around the world are participating in open data policy implementation. Government officials who are charged with implementing this new policy usually need to look for related information for deciding what datasets to open to the public. Accordingly, a research gap exists in understanding government officials' information behaviors in implementing open data policy. By using a qualitative approach to conduct semi-structured interviews with government officials who have extensive experience in implementing open data policy, this study explores government officials' information behaviors in searching and selecting datasets for open data publication. Specifically, this research investigates government officials' information needs, the employed information sources, and the intervening variables that influence their information behaviors. While open data is an ongoing policy implementation, government officials' information behaviors form an iterative cycle where information needs continually occur, information seeking activities are conducted by using a variety of information sources, and the obtained information is used to satisfy information needs. The findings and discussions of this study are expected to provide insights of government officials' data search and selection to practitioners and to enrich the current literature of open government data.     

Is Information-Seeking Behavior of Doctoral Students Changing?: A Review of the Literature (2010–2015)

The advent of the Internet and networked communications in the last 15 years has arguably considerably changed the information behaviors of doctoral students, including the discovery process. Information seeking includes initiating a search, constructing search strategies, and locating and evaluating the identified sources. Current research on information-seeking behaviors is focusing on understanding how the Internet, social media, and other technological and communication-based changes, including mobile technologies, have changed the way students seek information in order to understand the information behaviors of the students of tomorrow. This article offers a review of the literature on information-seeking behaviors, with a particular focus on recent years (2010–2015). It aims to determine whether notable changes in the information-seeking behavior of doctoral students have emerged in recent years. The study shows that the information-seeking behaviors of doctoral students follow a steady trend, with some subtle changes, particularly in the (patchy) use of social media and networking sites. There appears to be more similarities than differences across disciplines in the information-seeking behaviors of doctoral students. Considerations to their information literacy skills are given to understand better the role supervisors and library staff can play to support the doctoral students population in the early stages of the research process.     

Academic Users' Information Searching on Research Topics: Characteristics of Research Tasks and Search Strategies

This project investigated how academic users search for information on their real-life research tasks. This article presents the findings of the first of two studies. The study data were collected in the Queensland University of Technology (QUT) in Brisbane, Australia. Eleven PhD students' searching behaviors on personal research topics were observed as they interacted with information retrieval (IR) systems. The analysis of search logs uncovered the characteristics of research tasks and the corresponding search strategies.