效用论视角下的我国农村劳动力转移的均衡分析

本文基于效用论的视角,对影响农民在城市务工效用及在农村务农效用的各种因素进行分析,并通过建立劳动力转移模型,运用静态均衡的分析方法,阐述我国农村劳动力向城市及小城镇转移均衡条件及变化。并且得出：近期内,农民向小城镇转移是一条符合国情民意的切实可行的途径。     

农村劳动力转移的制度决定模型及其实证分析

农村劳动力转移受许多因素的制约,而制度因素是其中重要的因素之一。本文量化测度了影响农村劳动力转移的制度因素,构建了劳动力转移的制度决定模型,测定了各制度变量弹性系数的大小,对影响我国农村劳动力转移的制度因素进行了剖析,并据此提出我国制度变革的取向。     

农村富余劳动力转移问题与对策探讨

我国是农业人口大国,农村经济并不发达,城镇化水平相对较低,大规模转移农村劳动力成为解决农民问题乃至最终解决"三农"问题的关键.本文旨在提出一些促进农村劳动力稳定转移、加快转移、促进农民充分就业的途径和措施.     

以农民培训引导农村劳动力有序转移的措施研究

农村青壮劳动力大量转移外出,给农业和农村经济运行带来许多新情况、新问题.本文指出了盲目向异地转移农村劳动力所产生的不利后果,阐述了农民培训是引导农村劳动力有序转移的重要环节之一,并就如何开展农民培训进行了探讨.     

农村劳动力转移与农民增收实证研究

“三农”问题的核心是农民问题,解决农民问题的关键是增加农民收入。而农民收入的高低与农村劳动力转移数量密切相关。本文介绍了北京市农村劳动力转移的基本情况及特点．通过实证分析得出农村劳动力转移与农民收入有明显的线性相关关系,最后提出相关建议。     

农村劳动力就业难问题及对策研究

农业、农村、农民的“三农”问题,一直是困扰经济发展、社会公平、实现现代化的核心问题之一。“三农”问题的解决,其根本出路在于减少农民的数量,实现农村富余劳动力向城镇转移。我国在经济发展的关键时期,提出了以人为本的发展观,当前以人为本就是要解决好就业问题,农村剩余劳动力的就业问题的解决,对我国“三农”问题有着积极的意义。本文从分析农村劳动力就业难的现状出发,对以人为本解决农村劳动力的对策作了深入探讨。     

农民市民化的国际经验及对我国农民工问题的启示

本文在考察了具有典型意义的英国、美国、日本城乡关系演变趋势及农村人口非农化模式的基础上,从农民非农化与工业化的非同步性、农民非农化内生机制的差异性以及农民非农化进程的差异性等三个角度提出了解决我国农民工问题的紧迫性与特殊性。并通过对问卷调查资料的实证分析,揭示了我国农民市民化进程中存在的核心问题。本文最后提出了合理解决我国农村劳动力转移及农民工问题的战略方针与对策思路。     

小议农村劳动力转移存在的问题及解决对策

改革开放20多年来,是我国农村劳动力转移速度最快、规模最大、效果最为明显的时期,是农村进入劳动年龄人口增加最快的时期,尤其是近几年来,农村产业结构的调整,出现了大量农村富余劳动力,使农村的就业矛盾极其突出。如何有序转移农村劳动力,这是关系农村稳定、农业发展、乃至构建和谐社会的重大问题。本文首先针对农村劳动力转移的基本特点,并分析了我省现在农村劳动力转移的存在的问题,同时提出了推进农村劳动力转移的若干对策。     

浅析农村富余劳动力转移

实现农村富余劳动力转移是建设农村全面小康社会的关键所在.在未来一个时期,我国农村劳动力转移能否突破当前徘徊不前的困境,并取得新的突破,将直接关系着我国新世纪战略的蓝图能否如期实现.而要摆脱当前困境,必须对农村劳动力转移的战略思想进行调整和重新定位.     

大力提高农民素质推进劳动力有序转移

我国是人口大国,又有近80%的人口生活在农村,农村富余劳动力转移就业的任务非常艰巨.2004年.我国农村有2.5亿富余劳动力,每年仍然在以一定的数量在递增.农村劳动力素质不高,缺乏劳动技能,严重影响农民向非农产业和城镇转移,难以在城镇实现稳定就业.由于农业生产力水平的不断提高,以及加世贸组织后农贸市场的开放,将有越来越多的农村剩余劳动力产生,缺乏转岗就业技能的农村富余劳动力的就业难度越来越大.提高农村剩余劳动力的素质是实现农村剩余劳动力顺利转移的重要保障.     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence