Interactions

The current predominant form of organization in academic libraries is the hierarchy. As academic library administrators and librarians reconsider the professional role of librarians, alternatives to the hierarchy are occurring. One alternative is the matrix organization, a cross-functional, collegial group structure. In this paper, a case study is presented on the transition of the library faculty at California State University, Lon Beach (CSULB) from a hierarchical organization to a matrix. The case study includes an insight into how a library faculty group in the matrix organization contributes to an academic program of the university. This is accomplished through a discussion of the interactions of the Administration and Management Library Faculty Group with the clientele of the Graduate Center for Public Policy and Administration, CSULB.     

New Interactions

From the first studies of wearables inside MIT’s Media Lab decades ago to the smartwatches and smartglasses sold these days as consumer devices, wearables provide clues to better understand new paths to record and distribute information. Google Glass was one of the first immersive products, allowing users to capture and stream information to the Web, creating screen-based micro-interactions displayed in front of the user’s eye or sent to their smartphone. The first-person perspective is not new, but network-enabled Glass creates a novel state of streamed information and images, potentially making the journalist an avatar of the audience. Possibilities also lay in the development of Glass-specific ambient or calm communications—providing users with seamless information updates. Our study explores how Glass, attached to the head of the journalist-broadcaster, creates alternative behaviours in those captured due to its almost-invisible camera. These and other aspects of Glass will be explored during this paper, recalling experiences made across multiple test beds in the United Kingdom, Porto Alegre, Brazil and the Sahara Desert. The lessons acquired from these experiences allow us to understand not only new ways to inform, but new relationships between journalists, newsrooms and the public.     

Communication Apprehension and Imagined Interactions

Communication apprehension (CA) is associated with fear of anticipated communication. Yet, imagined interactions (IIs) can help reduce fear of communication in which individuals use mental imagery before and after to prepare and review communication. A series of regression analyses in which characteristics of IIs were the independent variables was used to predict overall CA, as well as in four different contexts. The regression analysis indicated that CA could be predicted by the II characteristic of discrepancy across multiple contexts. The II catharsis function was predictive in one context. Results are discussed in terms of cognitive modification as a therapeutic technique for treating CA.     

Foreign Drug Information Retrieval

Health science library service often includes identifying drugs manufactured, prescribed, or dispensed in other countries. Discussion of complexities in drug nomenclature, establishing equivalency, and differing standards adopted by reference sources may encourage more effective information provision. Statistical data gathered from a drug information center's experience with identification requests can indicate relevant sources. An analysis of such data, collected over a 40-month time period and involving over 550 foreign drug information questions, may contribute practical knowledge to individuals responsible for collection development, reference service, or bibliographic instruction. Guidelines for print and online search strategies are included, applicable in answering both domestic and foreign drug information questions.     

论学科馆员服务制的互动性

学科馆员服务制是一种动态交互式的服务模式,服务提供者与接受者之间具有积极的互动关系和密切的合作关系.其互动性体现在多个方面,就这一重要特征体现作一初步探讨.     

Sex Differences in Goals for Supportive Interactions

One explanation for sex differences in supportive behavior is that men and women pursue different goals in supportive interactions. Sex differences in goals may themselves be explained by personality traits such as expressivity and supportive self‐efficacy, or situational factors such as target responsibility. The current study examined sex differences in the pursuit of eight supportive goals, and the extent to which differences were explained by personality and situational factors. Participants (254 men, 386 women) read hypothetical scenarios involving a distressed friend who was depicted as responsible or not responsible for his or her problematic situation, and responded to measures of supportive goals and personality traits. Results indicate that women are somewhat more likely to pursue a range of goals that are likely to result in effective supportive messages (e.g., emotional support, problem‐solving). Many of the sex differences in goal pursuit were mediated by the personality traits of expressivity and supportive self‐efficacy.     

Conservation and authenticity: Interactions and enquiries

Abstract

The possible meanings in conservation of the word authenticity are discussed and some different definitions are briefly evaluated. Recent research showing the brain reacts differently to the concepts of copy and authentic is reviewed. The relationship between cultural heritage charters and how authenticity has been employed in them is explored with examples from the Athen's Charter, The Venice Charter, The Nara Document, The San Antonio Declaration, and the UNESCO World Heritage Documents. Several examples are discussed in the text concerning the interactions between authenticity and restoration, employing the examples of ancient buildings and old master paintings. Some of the important writings on the subject of authenticity by scholars and art historians are reviewed. Criteria which could be used to evaluate the concept of authenticity in different cultural settings are discussed and these are illustrated with case studies taken from restoration carried out on ancient marble sculptures, the Sistine Chapel frescoes by Michelangelo, and the artwork of several prominent forgers. Given that concerns about the authenticity of art are multi-dimensional, it is important that the present fragmentation of the arguments concerning authenticity across the disciplines properly take into account the conservation field and are aware of the debates within conservation concerning this topic. The questioning of the relevance of authenticity is a healthy process, and may now be framed quite differently from the way in which it was discussed even 20 years ago.     

Patterns of Nonverbal Adaptation in Supportive Interactions

This study seeks initial evidence for the patterns of nonverbal adaptation predictive of emotional improvement after a troubles talk conversation. A total of 128 dyads composed of two unacquainted individuals engaged in a 5-minute conversation about a stressful event, and the nonverbal behaviors of both the supportive listener and discloser were coded for immediacy. We detected a general pattern of matching between interlocutors, which was positively associated with disclosers’ reported emotional improvement above and beyond listener immediacy. Importantly, we found primary support for a discloser-matching model whereby emotional improvement is a function of disclosers matching highly immediate listeners but no support for a listener-matching model whereby emotional improvement is a function of listeners matching disclosers to signal empathy.     

Assessing Library Customer Interactions and Staff Satisfaction

In 2016, two service departments–the office of information technology (OIT) and the academic resource center (ARC) at the college–physically relocated into the library. To ensure consistent customer service and staffing for the ARC, OIT, and library, the departments collaborated to discuss the implications for their new shared space. They decided to use a common online customer service form in Qualtrics to track and assess library customer interactions and staff satisfaction.     

与青春相伴的禁果"一百号"

1964年秋,我响应党屯垦戍边的号召奔赴祖国的边疆,成了一名“支边青年”：直到1984年按政策全家返沪,在新疆度过了20个春秋。20年来我主要是在新疆兵团库尔勒农二师28团子女学校从事教育工作,多年的教学生涯,我和学生们结下了深厚的师生之情,离开新疆以后,他们活泼可爱的音容笑貌常在我的脑海中浮现,特别是一个被同学们昵称为“一百号”的女学生娟娟,更令我至今难以忘怀。     

Drug testing and privacy law

This article briefly outlines case law as it has evolved to allow “reasonable” searches under the Fourth Amendment. Drawing parallels between drug testing, airport searches, and drunk driver roadblocks, it suggests conditions under which drug testing should withstand judicial scrutiny. The Reagan administration's program is reviewed in terms of those criteria and with a view toward privacy. The article concludes that the program can be implemented legally with a significant caveat that agencies will have to design their own programs with great care.     

网络互动“百科全书”的编辑规范探讨

以百度百科为例,通过对比传统辞书的编辑规范,探讨基于网络平台的互动百科全书正在形成的编辑规范及其特点,具体分为道德规范、工作规范、技术规范三个方面。指出网络互动百科全书在年轻网民中有广泛影响,但网络词条的内容存在不足。如何完善网络词条的编辑规范并建立相应的评价标准,应该引起传统辞书出版界以及百度词条使用者的关注。     

Difficult Interactions between IRBs and Investigators: Applications and Solutions

This essay describes efforts by the University of Iowa administration and Human Subjects Office to adapt review procedures and interpret federal regulations in ways that were appropriate to the distinctive methodologies of social science and humanistic research, including applied research. Two moments of significant change in those procedures are described and several recommendations are offered for addressing the difficulties institutional review boards and applied researchers encounter when they interact: ask questions and be prepared to respond to them, in person when necessary; be reasonable and accountable and assume the other side is too; recognize that human subjects protection is complicated and that real risks are posed by procedures sometimes assumed to be risk-free by nature. The importance of an adequately funded, well-trained staff is emphasized as the precursor to all of those measures.     

Difficult Interactions between IRBs and Investigators: Applications and Solutions

This essay describes efforts by the University of Iowa administration and Human Subjects Office to adapt review procedures and interpret federal regulations in ways that were appropriate to the distinctive methodologies of social science and humanistic research, including applied research. Two moments of significant change in those procedures are described and several recommendations are offered for addressing the difficulties institutional review boards and applied researchers encounter when they interact: ask questions and be prepared to respond to them, in person when necessary; be reasonable and accountable and assume the other side is too; recognize that human subjects protection is complicated and that real risks are posed by procedures sometimes assumed to be risk-free by nature. The importance of an adequately funded, well-trained staff is emphasized as the precursor to all of those measures.     

Clinical Pharmacology: A Comprehensive Drug Reference

Abstract

This column discusses the point-of-care tool Clinical Pharmacology. This review is primarily intended for newer health sciences librarians who are learning about drug references and clinical decision-making support systems or health sciences librarians making collection development decisions, although any librarian will find this review useful. A sample search will be provided to highlight the database’s unique features as well as a comparison to other resources.     

药物分子设计技术领域的信息计量可视化分析

药物分子设计技术为生物领域前沿技术的一项,本研究以Web of Science中1998～2007年收录的药物分子设计有关的1302篇论文为研究对象.研究了论文的国家分布情况,发现美国及欧洲国家的研究实力较强.研究了论文的发文时间分布,发现总体呈递增趋势,且近几年的发文量较大.从信息计量学角度,利用信息可视化方法针对1302篇论文进行了文献共引分析.将药物分子设计领域的