A generalization of Kempe’s linkages

A new, general type of planar linkages is presented, which extends the classical linkages developed by Kempe consisting of two single-looped kinematic chains of linkages, interconnected by revolute hinges. Together with a locking device, these new linkages have only one degree of freedom (DOF), which makes them ideal for serving as deployable structures for different purposes. Here, we start with a fresh matrix method of analysis for double-loop planar linkages, using 2D transformation matrices and a new symbolic notation. Further inspection for one case of Kempe’s linkages is provided. Basing on the inspection, by means of some novel algebraic and geometric techniques, one particularly fascinating solution was found. Physical models were built to show that the derivation in this paper is valid and the new mechanisms are correct.     

A new algorithm for computing the convex hull of a planar point set

When the edges of a convex polygon are traversed along one direction,the interior of the convex polygon is always on the same side of the edges. Based on this characteristic of convex polygons,a new algorithm for computing the convex hull of a simple polygon is proposed in this paper,which is then extended to a new algorithm for computing the convex hull of a planar point set. First,the extreme points of the planar point set are found,and the subsets of point candidate for vertex of the convex hull between extreme points are obtained. Then,the ordered convex hull point sequences between extreme points are constructed separately and concatenated by removing redundant extreme points to get the convex hull. The time complexity of the new planar convex hull algorithm is O(nlogh) ,which is equal to the time complexity of the best output-sensitive planar convex hull algorithms. Compared with the algorithm having the same complexity,the new algorithm is much faster.     

Electromechanical coupling model and analysis of transient behavior for inertial vibrating machines

A mathematical model of electromechanical coupling system for a planar inertial vibrating machine is built by setting up dynamical equations of discrete systems with a matrix methodology proposed. The substance of the transient behavior of the machine is unveiled by analyzing the results of the computer simulation to the model, and new methods are presented for diminishing the transient amplitude of the vibrating machine and improving the transient behavior. The reliable mathematical model is provided for intelligent control of the transient behavior of the equipment.     

A new broadband differential phase shifter fabricated using a novel CRLH structure

Broadband phase shifters are mostly proposed and fabricated based on the scheme proposed by Shiffman, which uses a coupled line with far ends connected together and a uniform transmission line to give a differential phase shift. Based on the unique dispersion property of the composite right/left-handed (CRLH) metamaterial structure, a new configuration is presented in this paper for fabricating the broadband differential phase shifter, which employs a novel CRLH metamaterial structure as one of the differential phase-shift arms, instead of the conventional coupled line. The new circuit can achieve a phase shift of 90° in an operational bandwidth as broad as one octave and its phase deviations are quite small. An original design of the novel broadband phase shifter is presented, in which the artificial CRLH structure was implemented by microstrip quasi-lumped elements. Both the simulated and measured results of the 90° broadband differential phase shifter are presented.     

Application of Thermal Science to Tongue Inspection in Traditional Chinese Medicine

The study on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)by the technology and method of thermal science is a new cut-in point in interdisciplinary science, and its purpose is to study the tongue inspection in TCM from the view of the bio-heat transfer theory. In this paper human tongues were studied with the infrared thermal imaging technology. And the characteristic relationship between temperature distribution and age, tongue color as well as infrared thermal tongue image concerning the characteristic of viscera was analyzed by the experimental data, which confirms that the change in temperature distribution in different positions of the tongue is related to the diseases of different internal organs of the body. From a series of invasive experiments in animals, the blood perfusion rate was measured with the equipment of CBI-8000 Doppler Blood Flow Meter and MP-100 Physiologic Research System for the first time and the characteristic relationship curve between the temperature on the surface of the tongue and the blood perfusion rate was obtained. From the experiments the temperature on the surface of the tongue reflects objectively the tongue color which is influenced by the blood perfusion rate. This will help to develop some new cognition in the theory of TCM.     

Iris Localization Algorithm Based on Improved Generalized Symmetry Transform

Accuracy and fastness of iris localization are very important in automatic iris recognition. A new fast iris localization algorithm based on improved generalized symmetry transform (GST) was proposed by utilizing iris symmetry. GST was improved in three aspects: 1 ) A new distance weight function is defined. The new weight function, which is effective in iris localization, utilized the characteristic of irises that the iris is a circular object and it has one inner boundary and one outer boundary. 2) Each calculation of the symmetry measurement of a pair of symmetry points was performed by taking one point of a pair as the starting point of the transformation. This is the most important reason for fast iris localization, due to which, repetitious computation was largely excluded. 3) A new phase weight function was proposed to adjust GST to locate circle target much better because the inner part of iris is darker than the outer part. The edge map of iris image was acquired and GST was only implemented on the edge point, which decreased computation without loss of accuracy. The modification of distance weight function and phase weight function leads to the accuracy of localization, and other ideass peed up the localization. Experiments show that the average speed of new algorithm is about 7.0-8.5 times as high as traditional ones including integro-differential operator and Hough transform method.     

A Novel Electromagnetic Bandgap Structure for Filter

Electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) materials are periodic structures capable of prohibiting the propagation of electromagnetic waves within a certain band of frequencies. This characteristic of EBG has wide application. The structures to be studied here are mainly planar EBG materials of two dimensions, which are periodic arrays of holes etched in the ground plane of a conventional microstrip line. EBG structures are calculated with finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method in this paper. Technique of the perfectly matched layer is used for the absorption of electromagnetic waves in FDTD. The FDTD method is programmed with the blend of C^ and Matlab languages, which makes the program both simple and fast computing. A kind of new EBG structure is brought out through a lot of experiments and analyses. A filter with wide stop-band and another filter with two stop-bands are designed.     

Extension of LCVM-type mixing rule to three-parameter equations of state for vapor-liquid equilibria of mixtures

In this paper, the LCVM mixing rule is extended to the multi-parameter equations of state by combining infinite-pressure and zero-pressure mixing rule models. The new LCVM-type mixing rule, coupled with Patel-Teja equation of state （EOS） is applied for vapor-liquid equilibria of different polar and non-polar systems in which the NRTL activity coefficient model is used to calculate the excess Gibbs free energy. The tested results agree well with existing experimental data within a wide range of temperatures and pressures. In comparison with the Van der Waals mixing rule, the new mixing rule gives much better correlations for the vapor-liquid equilibria of non-polar and polar systems.     

The Theme of The Second Coming

The second coming is a master work of William Butler Yeats which is also one of the most thematically obscure poems.By analyzing the poem based on Yeats’philosophy of occultism and historical background as well as the Bible,this paper states the theme of this poem is that western civilization has been destroyed by wars with the consequence of the appearance of anticivilization;then,a new civilization will come into being.     

Existence and uniqueness of a class of double pyramidal central configurations in six-body problems

Under the necessary conditions for a double pyramidal central configuration with a diamond base to exist in the real number space, the existence and uniqueness of such configurations were studied by employing combinedly the algebraic method and numerical calculation. It is found that there exists a planar curl triangle region G in a square Q such that any point in G and given by the ratio of the two diagonal lengths of the diamond base and the ratio of one diagonal length of the base to the height of the double pyramid configuration determines a unique double pyramid central configuration, while all points in Q-G have noreferance to any central configuration.     

A Comparative Study of Metonymy and Synecdoche

Among the modern rhetorical devices,metonymy and synecdoche are two important figures of speech,which are analogous to each other for both use the name of one thing for that of something else.That is to say,both of the rhetorical devices involve substitution.Thus the two concepts are confusing.Metonymy emphasizes on using the name of one thing for that of something else with which it is associated.Synecdoche is a figure of speech in which a part is used for a whole,an individual for a class,a material for a thing,or the reverse of any of these.By making a comparative study of these two through the connotation and category,the author summarizes that:they are two independent figures of speech.     

Symmetry properties of tetraammine platinum（Ⅱ） with C2v and C4v point groups

Let G be a weighted graph with adjacency matrix A=[aij]. An Euclidean graph associated with a molecule is defined by a weighted graph with adjacency matrix D=[d/ij], where for i≠j, dij is the Euclidean distance between the nuclei i and j. In this matrix dij can be taken as zero if all the nuclei are equivalent. Otherwise, one may introduce different weights for different nuclei.Balasubramanian (1995) computed the Euclidean graphs and their automorphism groups for benzene, eclipsed and staggered forms of ethane and eclipsed and staggered forms of ferroeene. This paper describes a simple method, by means of which it is possible to calculate the automorphism group of weighted graphs. We apply this method to compute the symmetry of tetraammine platinum(Ⅱ) with C2v and C4v point groups.     

The Effect of Culture on Translation

Culture,which is one of characteristics of a nation,plays an important role in translation.There is a relationship be tween culture and translation and the ways for cultural transmitting from one language to another language.So,the translator has to capture and project the special cultural quality properly in the target language.Cultural transfer is all about a multi-pronged ap proach,focusing on the author’s relationship with his subject and that with the reader,which should be expressed in a good work.     

Mathematical model for electroosmotic dewatering of activated sludge

The mechanical dewatering of activated sludge is difficult due to its high compressibility, which can be improved by electroosmosis. In electroosmosis, direct electric field is applied to sludge cake. Based on the conductivity modes of different sludge beds, a model is presented in which sludge cake consists of two series parts in the circuit: a dewatered bed and an undewatered one. The dewatered bed called solid conductor is mainly made up of immovable water and sludge particles. The undewatered bed includes movable water and solid conductor, which are connected in parallel in the circuit. The model describes the variation of water content with time and electric power consumption as a function of water content in sludge cake, and interprets the reason for the variation of electroosmotic dewatering rate. Comparison with the experimental data for electroosmotic dewatering under constant voltage supports the validity of the model.     

Exploring into teacher＇s specialized practicality

Teacher specialization is a subject with very strong practicality as regards its essence. This paper analyzes the main problems of the existing teacher professionalism, poses and argues the 3 hypotheses of teacher professionalism. Around the reality of teacher professionalism, the author brings forward and establishes a new teacher evaluation system, which reflects the diversity of the main body for the evaluation, the diversity of evaluation content and the multiple of evaluation process and result. The new pattern is conducive to the right direction of the practicality of teacher professionalism, reflected as follows： Teachers＇ whole course of specialized practice is setting out from students＇ life world, clasping the exploration and consideration of human nature with kindhearted and pitiful heart, opening students＇ soul world through the convection of the emotion and by stimulating one＇s volition so as to make knowledge get natural formulation.     

On the Narrative Art in The French Lieutenant‘s Woman

The French Lieutenant‘s Woman, written by John Fowles, is one of the most successful postmodern novels in contemporary English literature. This article is attempted to focus on its special narrative art and make a deeper penetration into its theme. In the novel, the master storyteller uses old writing tricks along with his own new ones originally and effectively. By criticizing and reshaping the conventions of earlier fiction, Fowles creates a new old story and a postmodern Victorian woman, which no Victorian writers can ever bring out.     

New numerical solution for self-acting gas journal bearings

Taking a small pressure change in the gas film of self-acting gas-lubricated journal bearings into account, the corresponding nonlinear Reynolds equation is linearized through appropriate approximation and a modified Reynolds equation is derived and solved by means of the finite difference method （FDM）. The gas film pressure distribution of a self-acting gas-lubricated journal bearing is attained and the load capacity is calculated. The numerical solution has a better agreement with experimental data than a direct numerical solution for different values of the bearing number. It is of interest to note that the eccentricity ratio, at which the new numerical solution is in better agreement with experimental data, is different when the bearing number is changing. The new numerical solution is slightly larger when the eccentricity ratio is smaller, and becomes slightly smaller when the eccentricity ratio is larger.     

Bounded space algorithms for variant of variable-sized bin packing

Given a list of items and a sequence of variable-sized bins arriving one by one, it is NP-hard to pack the items into the bin list with a goal to minimize the total size of bins from the earliest one to the last used. In this paper a set of approximation algorithms is presented for cases in which the ability to preview at most k（〉=2） arriving bins is given. With the essential assumption that all bin sizes are not less than the largest item size, analytical results show the asymptotic worst case ratios of all k-bounded space and offiine algorithms are 2. Based on experiments by applying algorithms to instances in which item sizes and bin sizes are drawn independently from the continuous uniform distribution respectively in the interval [0,u] and [u,l ], averagecase experimental results show that, with fixed k, algorithms with the Best Fit packing（closing） rule are statistically better than those with the First Fit packing（closing） rule.     

Refreshing File Aggregate of Distributed Data Warehouse in Sets of Electric Apparatus

Integrating heterogeneous data sources is a precondition to share data for enterprises. Highly-efficient data updating can both save system expenses, and offer real-time data. It is one of the hot issues to modify data rapidly in the pre-processing area of the data warehouse. An extract transform loading design is proposed based on a new data algorithm called Diff-Match, which is developed by utilizing mode matching and data-filtering technology. It can accelerate data renewal, filter the heterogeneous data, and seek out different sets of data. Its efficiency has been proved by its successful application in an enterprise of electric apparatus groups.     

The Study of Coherence in a Speech by the ADM of Health Canada

A new leader in a department will face a lot of problems when reorganizing the department. After analyzing an informal speech made by the new leader, it is found that the speech is coherent and the coherence of this speech is achieved by using many cohesive devices and register. For the successful expression of his ideas, the new leader built a cooperative other than command-and-control relationship with his subordinates, which will make the great reorganization in the department successfully done.